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Abstrak :
Results of quaternary aquifer flow calculations are presented for the Vistula delta plain and the southern Kashubian edge zone.The quaternary level is one of the most important water suplay resources for the city of Gdansk.....

Abstrak :
The book comprises an assembly of benchmarks and examples for porous media mechanics collected over the last twenty years. Analysis of thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes is essential to many applications in environmental engineering, such as geological waste deposition, geothermal energy utilisation, carbon capture and storage, water resources management, hydrology, even climate chance. In order to assess the feasibility as well as the safety of geotechnical applications, process-based modelling is the only tool to put numbers, i.e. to quantify future scenarios. This charges a huge responsibility concerning the reliability of computational tools. Benchmarking is an appropriate methodology to verify the quality of modelling tools based on best practices. Moreover, benchmarking and code comparison foster community efforts. The benchmark book is part of the OpenGeoSys initiative, an open source project to share knowledge and experience in environmental analysis and scientific computation.

Abstrak :
This textbook employs a technical and quantitative approach to explain subsurface hydrology and hydrogeology, and to offer a comprehensive overview of groundwater-related topics such as flow in porous media, aquifer characterization, contaminant description and transport, risk assessment, and groundwater remediation. It describes the characterization of subsurface flow of pristine and polluted water and provides readers with easily applicable tools for the design of water supply systems, drinking-water source protection, and remediation interventions. Specific applications range from groundwater exploitation as a drinking water supply to the remediation of contaminated aquifers, from the definition and safeguarding of drinking-water sources to the assessment of human health risks in connection with groundwater contamination events. The book represents an ideal learning resource for upper-undergraduate and graduate students of civil engineering, environmental engineering, and geology, as well as practitioners in the fields of water resource management and environmental protection who are interested in groundwater engineering and technical hydrogeology.

Abstrak :
Aliran air tanah mengalir disebabkan oleh perbedaan tinggi hidraulik. Dalam menurunkan persamaan, massa jenis sering diasumsikan konstan. Persamaan ini dapat dan sering diaplikasi di tempat yang jauh dari wilayah pantai. Namun, persamaan tersebut tidak dapat diaplikasikan di wilayah/akuifer pantai karena massa jenis merupakan sebuah fungsi dari konsentrasi. Air laut yang mengandung garam NaCl menginduksi air tanah sehingga menyebabkan perubahan massa jenis. Peristiwa ini disebut transpor pencemar. Perbedaan massa jenis menyebabkan perubahan tinggi hidraulik. Dalam kondisi aliran tidak berubah menurut waktu (steady), transpor pencemar tidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap perubahan tinggi hidraulik. Sebaliknya, dalam kondisi aliran yang berubah menurut waktu (unsteady), transpor pencemar sangat berpengaruh. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadi aliran air tanah didorong oleh perbedaan massa jenis (driven density). Untuk memodelkan masalah ini, digunakan metode numerik beda hingga dan diterapkan pada spread sheet program Microsoft Excel. ......Groundwater flow caused by hydraulic head. In term of governing equation, density often assumed as a constant value. This equation often used far away from coastal area. However, those equation can?t be used in coastal area/aquifers because density is a function of concentration. Saltwater which is containing salt (NaCl) induces freshwater so that causing changes in the density of water. This phenomenon called contaminant transport. The changing of density caused changes in the hydraulic head. At steady condition, contaminant transport does not significantly affect to the hydraulic head. Otherwise, contaminant transport significantly affect to the hydraulic head. This is caused driven density groundwater flow. To solving this problem, is used numerical method (finite difference method) and applied to the spread sheet of Microsoft Excel.