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Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai legalitas rekayasa genetika embrio pada manusia berdasarkan studi komparasi Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Tiongkok. Dalam skripsi ini memunculkan dua pokok permasalahan. Pertama, bagaimana perbandingan pengaturan eksperimen medis di Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Tiongkok. Kedua, bagaimana perbandingan legalitas rekayasa genetika embrio pada manusia ditinjau berdasarkan hukum Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Tiongkok. Permasalahan ini ditinjau dari perbandingan hukum dengan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dan penulisan bersifat deskriptif. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari studi dokumen sebagai data utama dari penulisan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian bahwa di Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Tiongkok untuk melakukan eksperimen medis yang melibatkan manusia sebagai subjek penelitiannya harus mendapatkan persetujuan dari Komite Etik. Namun, terdapat perbedaan dan ini menjadi kekurangan bahwa di Amerika Serikat hal tersebut berlaku untuk penelitian yang didanai oleh dana federal, oleh karena itu penelitian yang didanai pribadi tidak tunduk pada prosedur IRB. Selanjutnya dalam aspek legalitas Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Tiongkok tidak melarang dilakukannya penelitian rekayasa genetika embrio pada manusia (pengeditan gen embrio). Namun, dalam konteks untuk tujuan reproduksi Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, dan Tiongkok melarang tindakan tersebut. Penulis menyarankan kepada pemerintah dan legalislatif untuk merevisi Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, dengan menambahkan pasal terkait dengan penelitian dan penerapan rekayasa genetika embrio pada manusia. Serta kepada Kementerian Kesehatan untuk membuat pedoman penelitian yang melibatkan embrio manusia. ......This thesis discusses the legality of genetic engineering on human embryo, a comparation between Indonesia, United States of America, and China. This thesis raises two main problems. First, how do the medical experiment arrangements compare in Indonesia, the United States, and China. Second, how the comparison of legality of embryo genetic engineering in humans is reviewed based on the laws of Indonesia, the United States, and China. This problem is viewed from the comparison of law with normative juridical research methods and descriptive writing. The data in this study were obtained from document studies as the main data from qualitative writing. The results of research that Indonesia, the United States, and China to carry out medical experiments involving humans as research subjects must obtain approval from the Ethics Committee. However, there is a difference and it is a drawback that in the United States it applies to federally funded research, therefore privately funded research is not subject to IRB procedures. Indonesia, the United States, and China do not prohibit embryo genetic engineering research in humans (human embryo gene editing). However, in the context of reproductive purposes in Indonesia, the United States and China prohibit such actions. The author advises the government and the legislature to revise Law Number 36 Year 2009 on Health, by adding articles related to research and application of embryonic genetic engineering in humans. And to the Ministry of Health to make research guidelines involving human embryos.

Abstrak :
Focused manuscript on the potential use/role of miRNAs in bioprocessing, specifically the production of complex proteins in mammalian cells. With that in mind I propose a draft list of topics/chapters along the following lines, intro on CHO/bioprocessing/engineering challenges to set scene, genomic organization, biogenesis and mode of action, Identifying miRNA targets, computational prediction, transcriptomics, proteomices, UTR analysis, etc., miRNA expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells, miRNAs as engineering targets: pathway manipulation to impact bioprocess phenotypes, miRNAs as biomarkers, detection methods : northern, PCR, hybridization arrays, next gen seq, manipulation of expression in cultured cells : transient/stable disregulation, knockout.

Abstrak :
Plants have been the chief source of compounds of medicine for thousand of years. Plants die also the source of many medicines ft>r the majority of the world's population, The role of biotechnology is very important for multiplying, conserving the spesies, and enhancing the production of secondary metabolites. Endophytes of novel secondary metabolites offering the potensial for medical and industrial exploitation. Natural products from various endophytic microbes have been investigated. Some examples of natural products observed from endophytic microbes are antibiotics, antiviral compounda; anticancers; antimalarial compounds; antioxidants, antidiabetics nad immunosuppressive compounds.

Abstrak :
This book has a particular interest in the methods and applications of metabolic engineering to improve the production and yield of a variety of different metabolites. The overall goal is to achieve a better understanding of the metabolism in different microorganisms, and provide a rational basis to reprogram microorganisms for improved biochemical production.

Abstrak :
Systems metabolic engineering is changing the way microbial cell factories are designed and optimized for industrial production. Christoph Wittmann and Sang-Yup Lee have assembled the world leaders on systems metabolic engineering and cover the full story, from genomes and networks via discovery and design to industrial implementation practises.

Abstrak :
Coxiella burnetii is the etiological agent of Q fever, a zoonotic disease found worldwide. The bacterium is a fascinating example of intracellular parasitism that has uniquely evolved to thrive in the most inhospitable of cellular compartments-the phagolysosome. Understanding how C. burnetii resists the degradative functions of this vacuole, and the host cell functions coopted for successful parasitism, are central to understanding Q fever pathogenesis. Recent achievements in glycomics and proteomics are guiding development of enhanced detection schemes for the bacterium in addition to shedding light on the host immune response to the pathogen. Several chapters survey immune functions that control or potentially exacerbate Coxiella infection and delve into correlates of protective immunity elicited by vaccination. Comparative genomics is also the foundation of chapters discussing diagnostic antigen discovery and molecular typing of the bacterium, with significance for development of new clinical, epidemiologic, and forensic tools.

Abstrak :
This book is designed to offer a comprehensive high-level introduction to transhumanism, an international political and cultural movement that aims to produce a paradigm shift in our ethical and political understanding of human evolution. Transhumanist thinkers want the human species to take the course of evolution into its own hands, using advanced technologies currently under development-such as robotics, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, cognitive neurosciences, and nanotechnology-to overcome our present physical and mental limitations, improve our intelligence beyond the current maximum achievable level, acquire skills that are currently the preserve of other species, abolish involuntary aging and death, and ultimately achieve a post-human level of existence. The book covers transhumanism from a historical, philosophical, and scientific viewpoint, tracing its cultural roots, discussing the main philosophical, epistemological, and ethical issues, and reviewing the state of the art in scientific research on the topics of most interest to transhumanists. The writing style is clear and accessible for the general reader, but the book will also appeal to graduate and undergraduate students.