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Abstrak :
A further reduction in TF R is possible in a short period of time by meeting the unmet needs of high parity couples in Bangladesh. The statement is supported by the fact that 91% of the couples with three or more living children do not want additional children and that only 51% use family planning methods. However, 9% of the high parity couples want an traditional child. In this confer! the paper examined whether there exist association between gender composition of living children and the desire for additional children among high parity couples using the data extracted from the 2004 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. The paper also examined whether education, socioeconomic status, and NGO membership can modify the influence of gentler compotition on desire for more children. The findings of the study showed that gentler preference, particularly of son, was more common among determinant of the desire for more children and it was more common among the women with all _female children, with odds of desiring additional children was 11,4 times of women those having at least one of both sexes in rural area while it was 7. 08 times in urban area. The also revealed that the influence of gentler preference was nor modified by education, socioeconomic status, and NGO of woman.

Abstrak :
Studi ini menganalisis pengaruh preferensi gender orangtua terhadap aktivitas anak usia 12-17 tahun di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data Susenas 2012. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa orangtua cenderung mengutamakan laki-laki dalam pendidikan dan pekerjaan dan sebaliknya cenderung mengutamakan perempuan dalam mengurus rumah tangga. Adanya preferensi laki-laki dalam pendidikan cenderung menguntungkan pendidikan anak laki-laki daripada anak perempuan. Namun, adanya preferensi laki-laki dalam pekerjaan cenderung menguntungkan anak perempuan daripada anak laki-laki. Kemudian, orangtua yang memiliki preferensi perempuan dalam mengurus rumah tangga cenderung merugikan pendidikan anak laki-laki maupun perempuan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa preferensi gender orangtua tidak selalu menguntungkan bagi pendidikan anak.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of parents' gender preferences on children's activities using 12-17 years old respondents from Susenas 2012. The results show that parents tend to have male preference in education and employment and female preference in housework. Male preference in education tends to give advantage for sons' education than daughters'. But male preference in employment tends to give advantage for daughters' education than sons'. Parents who have female preference in housework give disadvantage in education for both sons and daughters. This indicates that parents' gender preferences do not always give advantage on children's education.

Abstrak :
Preferensi ibu terhadap salah satu gender anak menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan anggota rumah tangga. Model teoretis memprediksi bahwa ketika seorang anak lahir dari jenis kelamin yang disukai ibunya, orang tua akan mencurahkan lebih banyak sumber daya untuk anak tersebut, sehingga menciptakan modal manusia yang lebih baik. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menyelidiki sejauh mana preferensi anak laki-laki mempengaruhi disparitas perkembangan kognitif antara anak laki-laki dan perempuan di Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode OLS. Kami menemukan bahwa perbedaan skor kognitif antara anak perempuan adalah sebesar 0,259 lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak laki-laki disebabkan oleh adanya son preference. Analisis heterogenitas juga menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak perempuan dari latar belakang yang kurang berkecukupan, seperti mereka yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan dan lahir dari ibu yang berpendidikan rendah, juga dipengaruhi oleh preferensi anak laki-laki. ......The wellbeing of family members is impacted by a mother's preference for children of a particular gender. A simple theoretical model predicts that when a child is born of their mother's preferred sex, parents will devote more resources to that child, resulting in good human capital. In this study, we investigate the extent to which son preference influences cognitive development disparities between sons and daughters in Indonesia by using OLS method. We find that the differences in cognitive scores between daughters is 0.259 standard deviation higher compared to the differences between sons due to son preference. Our heterogeneity analysis also reveals that daughters from disadvantaged backgrounds, such as those living in rural areas and born to less educated mothers, are disproportionately affected by son preference.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pola dan perbedaan fertilitas dan juga mempelajari faktor sosio-ekonomi, budaya dan demografi yang mempengaruhi fertilitas di kawasan Indonesia Timur. Data yang digunakan adalah Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012 dengan menerapkan metode analisis tabulasi silang dan regresi logistik biner. Wanita yang memiliki tiga anak atau lebih, cenderung lebih tinggi pada wanita yang berumur 35 ? 49 tahun, berpendidikan rendah, wanita dengan preferensi jenis kelamin anak laki-laki, menikah pada umur kawin pertama ≤ 20 tahun, tinggal didaerah perdesaan, bekerja dan yang pernah mengalami kematian anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi, budaya dan demografi secara statistik signifikan mempengaruhi fertilitas di Indonesia Timur. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap fertilitas di Indonesia Timur adalah adalah umur wanita, pendidikan wanita, preferensi jenis kelamin anak, umur kawin pertama dan kematian anak. ...... The objectives of this paper is to studying the patterns and differences of fertility and also studying the socio-economic, culture and demographic factor that affecting fertility in Eastern Indonesia. The data used are from results of Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, 2012 The analysis using crosstabulation and binary logistic regression. lower educated, women with gender preference son, first married at age ≤ 20 years of marriage, living in the rural areas, worked and women who have experienced child mortality. The results showed the socioeconomic, culture and demographic factor significantly affect fertility in Eastern Indonesia. Women who have three more children is higher in women aged 35-49 years, The factors significant affected fertility in Eastern Indonesia is women aged, education, child gender preference, first age at marriage and child mortality.