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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK Ibu menyusui merupakan salah satu kelompok yang beresiko tinggi mengalami kekurangan gizi akibat perilaku pantang makanan. Perilaku pantang makanan masih banyak terjadi di daerah yang masih memiliki budaya yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali informasi lebih mendalam terkait perilaku pantang makanan pada ibu menyusui di desa Duwet Kedampul Kecamatan Tumpang Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode FGD pada ibu menyusui dan kader posyandu dan wawancara mendalam dengan anggota keluarga dan bidan desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibu menyusui masih mematuhi pantang makanan yang telah diturunkan antargenerasi. Faktor pencetus antara lain pengetahuan, kepercayaan, nilai, dan sikap. Ibu menyusui dan anggota keluarga memiliki sikap positif terkait perilaku pantang makanan tersebut. Sebaliknya, bidan dan kader posyandu memiliki sifat negatif terhadap pantang makanan pada ibu menyusui. Pantang makanan pada ibu menyusui didasarkan pada kepercayaan bahwa dengan menghindarkan makanan yang dipantang dapat mencegahkan ibu dan bayi terhadap bahaya (magis). Faktor pendukung antara lain yakni sarana berupa akses informasi yang didapat dari orang terdekat ibu menyusui, bidan, ataupun media cetak. Faktor penguat yakni pengaruh dari keluarga dan pengaruh dari petugas kesehatan sehingga diperlukan penyuluhan terkait pantang makanan pada ibu menyusui.

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ABSTRACT ;Breastfeeding mothers is one of the group with undernutrition risk because of food taboo practice. The food taboo is still exist in the community with strong culture. This research aimed to explain the food taboo behavior among breastfeeding mother in Duwet Kedampul Village, Tumpang sub District, Malang District, East Java. Study design is descriptive qualitative by using method FGD in breastfeeding mothers and kader and in-depth interviews with family members and midwife. The results showed that breastfeeding mothers still obey abdicated intergeneration food taboos. Predisposing factors such as knowledge, beliefs, values, and attitudes. Breastfeeding mothers and family members have a positive attitude toward food taboo. But, midwife and kader have negative attitudes toward food taboo among breastfeeding mother. Food taboo exist is based on the belief that by avoiding the food, mother and her baby can be saved from certain dangers (magical). Enabling factors consists of form of access to the information obtained from the nearest breastfeeding mothers such as her husband or parents, midwife, or flyers. Reinforcing factors consists of influence from family such as husband or parents and influence from health care workers such as kader and midwifes. So, the health care workers have to make education discussion about food taboo to breastfeeding mothers and her family., Breastfeeding mothers is one of the group with undernutrition risk because of food taboo practice. The food taboo is still exist in the community with strong culture. This research aimed to explain the food taboo behavior among breastfeeding mother in Duwet Kedampul Village, Tumpang sub District, Malang District, East Java. Study design is descriptive qualitative by using method FGD in breastfeeding mothers and kader and in-depth interviews with family members and midwife. The results showed that breastfeeding mothers still obey abdicated intergeneration food taboos. Predisposing factors such as knowledge, beliefs, values, and attitudes. Breastfeeding mothers and family members have a positive attitude toward food taboo. But, midwife and kader have negative attitudes toward food taboo among breastfeeding mother. Food taboo exist is based on the belief that by avoiding the food, mother and her baby can be saved from certain dangers (magical). Enabling factors consists of form of access to the information obtained from the nearest breastfeeding mothers such as her husband or parents, midwife, or flyers. Reinforcing factors consists of influence from family such as husband or parents and influence from health care workers such as kader and midwifes. So, the health care workers have to make education discussion about food taboo to breastfeeding mothers and her family.]

Abstrak :
Ibu hamil merupakan salah satu kelompok berisiko kekurangan gizi karena tabu terhadap makanan masih banyak dijumpai pada masyarakat dengan etnis budaya yang masih kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makanan tabu dan alasannya pada ibu hamil suku Tengger di Ngadas, Malang. Desain studi yang adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode diskusi kelompok terarah pada ibu hamil dan wawancara men- dalam dengan tetua masyarakat, keluarga, serta petugas kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makanan yang ditabukan meliputi kelompok buah-buahan, lauk, sayuran, makanan yang dianggap panas, dan makanan yang dianggap tidak lazim, seperti makanan dempet atau kembar. Alasan tabu makanan di Tengger Ngadas karena adanya pendekatan secara sim- bolik, fungsional, dan nilai atau keagamaan. Diperlukan penyuluhan oleh bidan desa terkait gizi kehamilan pada ibu hamil, kader posyandu, tetua masyarakat, dan keluarga. Ibu hamil perlu didorong untuk mengonsumsi makanan yang bergizi dan tidak memantang makanan yang dapat mengeksklusikan zat gizi tertentu dari dietnya.

Pregnant woman is a risk group of malnutrition because of food. Food taboo is still exist in the community with strong culture. This study aimed to know the food taboo among pregnant woman in Tengger in Ngadas, Malang and its reason. Study design used is descriptive qualitative by focus group diss- cussion method with pregnant woman and indepth interview with elders, family, and health worker. The result shows that food taboo including fruits, side dish, vegetables, ?hot foods? group, and unusual foods such as food that stuck together. The reasons for avoiding food are symbolic approach, functional approach, and value or religion. It?s recommended for midwife in village to give information about maternal nutrition to pregnant women, el- ders, posyandu kader, and family. Pregnant women needs to be encour- aged to consume nutritional food and avoid food taboo that can excluse some nutrients from the diet.