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"A single phase, incompressible turbulent flow through a 90º pipe bend with/without guide vane conditions has been studied here. The present work deals with the numerical simulation to investigate the change in flow separation and velocity distribution at the downstream section due to the effect of the guide vane. The k-? turbulence model has been adopted for simulation purposes to obtain the results. After the validation of existing experimental and numerical results, a detailed study has been performed for three different Reynolds number and four different positions of the guide vane. The value of the Curvature ratio (Rc/D) has been considered as one factor for the present study. The curvature ratio can be defined as the ratio between the bend curvature radius and hydraulic diameter of the pipe. The results obtained from the present study have been presented in graphical form. A flow separation region has been found at the bend outlet for flow through 90º pipe bend without the guide vane. This flow separation region was absent for the cases which dealt with the flow through 90º pipe bend with the guide vane. Velocity distribution at four different downstream positions for different cases and different Reynolds numbers have been compared and reported in the present study."

"Penggunaan kontrol aktif aliran merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi drag aerodinamika pada kendaraan. Efek yang dihasilkan adalah penundaan daerah separasi aliran dan olakan yang terjadi pada kendaraan, khususnya pada bagian belakang. Pada penelitian ini, kontrol aktif aliran berupa blowing digunakan pada model reversed Ahmed body yang dianggap paling mendekati model van keluarga yang banyak digunakan di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan yaitu komputasional dan eksperimental. Pada pendekatan komputasional digunakan software CFD Fluent 6.3 dengan model turbulensi k-epsilon standar dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik medan aliran dan pengurangan drag aerodinamika yang terjadi pada model uji. Pada pendekatan eksperimen digunakan load cell dengan tujuan untuk memvalidasi hasil pengurangan drag aerodinamika yang diperoleh melalui metode komputasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kontrol aktif aliran berupa blowing mempunyai pengaruh terhadap karakteristik medan aliran dan pengurangan drag terbesar yang diperoleh adalah 14.72% melalui metode komputasional dan 24.61% melalui metode eksperimental.

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The use of active flow control is one of the useful way to reduce aerodynamics drag in vehicle. It provides the possibility to delay the position of flow separation and wake around the vehicle. In this study, blowing as active control flow used in reversed Ahmed body, which was considered as the closest model of family van that is widely used in Indonesia. Two methods in this study was computational method and experimental method. The computational method used k-epsilon flow turbulence by CFD Fluent software in order to know flow field characteristic and aerodynamics drag reduction around model. Experimental method use load cell to validate the result of aerodynamics drag reduction from computational method. Result shows that blowing as active flow control makes the influence of flow field characteristics and the biggest aerodynamics drag reduction is 14.72% by computational method and 24.61% by experimental method."

"Kontrol aktif aliran merupakan salah satu metode yang efektif dalam mengurangi drag aerodinamika pada kendaraan untuk memenuhi tuntutan isu mengenai krisis sumber energi. Secara mendasar kontrol aktif aliran bertujuan untuk mengubah lapisan batas yang mengalami separasi. Untuk mencapai hal itu kontrol aktif aliran menggunakan sejumlah energi untuk memberikan eksitasi pada medan aliran berupa blowing, suction dan synthetic jet. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian pengurangan drag pada model kendaraan family van dengan menggunakan suction dimana reversed Ahmed body digunakan sebagai model untuk kendaraan ini. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan 2 pendekatan, yaitu komputasi dan eksperimental dengan variasi data kecepatan upstream 11.1 m/s, 13.9 m/s, dan 16.7 m/s dan kecepatan hisapan 0.5 m/s, 0.75 m/s , dan 1 m/s. Software CFD Fluent dan pemodelan turbulensi k-epsilon digunakan dalam pendekatan komputasi untuk melihat karakterisitik aliran dan performa aerodinamika. Hasil dari simulasi CFD menunjukkan pengurangan drag hingga 14.73%, sedangkan data eksperimental menunjukkan pengurangan drag hingga 16.52%.

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Active flow control is one kind of effective methods in order to achieve drag reductions at vehicle as the answer of the issue about energy resources crises. Basically the aim of active flow control is to modify boundary layer where the flow separation take place. To achieve that purposes active flow control uses some energy to give excitation in the flow field such as blowing, suction, and synthetic jet. This study concerns with drag reduction in family car model by using suction flow and reversed Ahmed body is used as the model of this kind vehicle. Both of computational and experimental methods was used to conduct this research with variations at upstream flow velocity of 11.1 m/s, 13.9 m/s, 16.7 m/s, and at suction flow velocity of 0.5 m/s, 0.75 m/s and 1 m/s. CFD Fluent software was used as solver, and k-epsilon turbulence model was applied in numerical computation to get characteristic of flow field and aerodynamics performance. The solution offered by CFD simulation showed drag reduction up to 14.73%, while experimental methods showed drag reductions up to 16.52%. "