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Abstrak :
Resin epoksi memilki aplikasi yang luas dalam berbagai sektor, namun resin epoksi memilki keterbatasan dalam hal ketahanan api, sehingga epoksi sering dikombinasikan dengan fire retardant additive. Pada umumnya, fire retardant additives terdiri dari kandungan halogen yang dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dan kesehatan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis fire retardant composite melalui kombinasi 50 wt resin epoksi dan 50 wt aditif alumunium hidroksida komposisi optimum dengan variasi konsentrasi filler carbon black dan silika 1 ; 2,5 ; 5 ; 7,5 ; 10 wt. Konsentrasi filler carbon black dan filler silika terbaik adalah1 wt dan 2,5 wt. Penambahan 1 wt carbon black dan 2,5 wt silika dapat meningkatkan fire retardancy komposit hingga material tidak terbakar dan memiliki flammability rating V-0 berdasarkan standar UL-94V. Selain itu, penambahan 1 wt carbon black dapat menghasilkan stabilitas termal terbaik dibandingkan variasi konsentrasi carbon black lainnya dengan menurunkan mass loss rate hingga 10,75 /menit dan total mass loss hingga 53,76. Sedangkan, penambahan 2,5 wt silika juga dapat meningkatkan stabilitas termal komposit melalui penurunan mass loss rate hingga 9,32 dan total mass loss hingga 51,06. Disisi lain, penambahan 1 wt carbon black dapat menghasilkan tensile strength komposit sebesar 6,59 MPa dan hardness sebesar 65,8 shore D. Sedangkan penambahan 2,5 wt silika memiliki tensile strength komposit sebesar 9,89MPa dan hardness sebesar 71,2 shore D. ...... Epoxy has a wide range of applications in many sectors. However, it still has some drawbacks such as flammable and not fireproof, so usually it is combined with fire retardant additives. Commonly fire retardant additive contains halogen compounds like chlorine or bromine that caused environmental and health problems. Therefore Al OH 3 additive is used to improve the fire retardancy properties of composite through decomposition that produced water vapour and formation of oxide layer on its surface. In this research, synthesis of fire retardant composite has been conducted by varying filler carbon black and silica 1 2,5 5 7,5 10 wt through optimum composition of Al OH 3 50 wt and epoxy 50 wt. It was found that the best concentration for carbon black and silica is 1 wt and 2.5 wt respectively. Both concentration significantly repairs the fire retardancy and thermal stability of composite. The addition of 1 wt carbon black and 2.5 wt silica could improve the flame retardancy and also hasV 0 flammability rating based on UL 94V standard. Besides that, the addition of 1 wt carbon black is able to increase the thermal stability of composite by reducing mass loss rate until 10.75 minute and total mass loss until 53.76. While adding 2.5 wt silica could also enhance its thermal stability by decreasing mass loss rate until 9.32 minute and total mass loss until 51.06. Furthermore, the addition of 1 wt carbon black yields 6.59 MPa for tensile strength and 65.8 shore D for hardness. Whereas the addition of 2.5 wt of silica produces composite with the tensile strength up to 9,89MPa and hardness up to71,2 shore D.

Abstrak :
Poliester tak jenuh memiliki aplikasi luas namun mudah terbakar. Aditif halogen awalnya digunakan untuk meningkatkan fire retardancy komposit namun memiliki efek samping negatif terhadap kesehatan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis fire retardant composite dengan variasi konsentrasi aditif Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 dan filler carbon black. Parameter fire retardancy yang diamati adalah time to ignition (ti), time taken to retard the fire (tr), burning time (tb), dan flammability rating menurut standar UL-94V. Komposisi aditif terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi Al(OH)3 40%/Mg(OH)2 10% dengan ti 22,5 detik, tr 6,2 detik, tb 7,8 detik, dan flammability rating V–0. Penambahan filler carbon black sebanyak 2,5% meningkatkan fire retardancy komposit dengan nilai ti 30 detik, tr 1,4 detik, tb 3,5 detik, dan flammability rating V–0. Penambahan aditif dan filler CB mampu meningkatkan stabilitas termal komposit dengan menurunkan mass loss rate (MLR) dan total mass loss. Komposit resin/aditif terbaik (Al(OH)3 40%/Mg(OH)2 10%) memiliki nilai tensile strength sebesar 18,2 MPa dan hardness 51. Sedangkan komposit resin/aditif/filler terbaik (Al(OH)3 40%/Mg(OH)2 10%/CB 2,5%) memiliki nilai tensile strength sebesar 13,9 MPa dan hardness 55. ......Unsaturated polyester resin has wide application but is flammable. Halogen additive was originally used for improving the fire retardancy of the composite but has the negative effects on health. In this research, synthesis of fire retardant composite has been conducted by varying additive Al(OH)3/Mg(OH)2 and carbon black filler concentration. Fire retardancy parameters need to be observed are time to ignition (ti), time taken to retard the fire (tr), burning time (tb), and flammability rating as per UL-94V standard. Additive composition shows the best result at the concentration of Al(OH)3 40%/Mg(OH)2 10% with ti value of 22.5 s, tr 6.2 s, tb 7.8 s, and V-0 flammability rating. Adding carbon black filler of 2.5% improves the fire retardancy of composite with ti value of 30 s, tr 1.4 s, tb 3.5 s, and V-0 flammability rating. Adding of additive and CB filler can improve the thermal stability of composite by reducing mass loss rate (MLR) and total mass loss. The best resin/additive composite (Al(OH)3 40%/Mg(OH)2 10%) has tensile strength value of 18.2 MPa and hardness 51. Whereas, the best resin/additive/filler composite (Al(OH)3 40%/Mg(OH)2 10%/CB 2.5%) has tensile strength value of 13.9 MPa and hardness 55.