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Abstrak :
Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for our children. This discipline addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, starvation, obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. Novel solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, philosophy and social sciences. As actual society issues are now intertwined, sustainable agriculture will bring solutions to build a safer world. This book series analyzes current agricultural issues and proposes alternative solutions, consequently helping all scientists, decision-makers, professors, farmers and politicians wishing to build safe agriculture, energy and food systems for future generations.

Abstrak :
Padi merupakan komoditi pangan paling penting di Indonesia karena merupakan bahan pangan pokok bagi 255,6 juta orang dan memberikan lapangan pekerjaan pada sekitar 56,8 juta orang. Banyak faktor dapat membatasi pertumbuhan padi, seperti faktor sosial ekonomi dan lingkungan. Faktor-faktor sosial ekonomi, seperti subsidi benih, subsidi pupuk, hibah mesin, serta pembangunan dan rehabilitasi saluran irigasi merupakan faktor inputyang dapat meningkatkan produksi padi. Sementara itu, faktor lingkungan, curah hujan, sebagai proksi dari perubahan iklim dapat memberi efek positif atau negatif pada produksi padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor utama yang berperan dalam produksi padi di Indonesia menggunakan data panel periode 2007-2016. Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa pupuk, irigasi, subsidi benih, dan hibah mesin pertanian memiliki dampak yang signifikan dan positif secara statistik terhadap produksi padi di Indonesia dan wilayah Non-Jawa, dan hanya mesin pertanian yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi produksi padi di wilayah Jawa-Bali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah harus memprioritaskan kebijakan dan anggaran pemerintah pada pupuk dan irigasi yang memiliki elastisitas koefisien tertinggi serta memberikan lebih banyak mesin pertanian untuk wilayah Jawa-Bali. Produksi padi di Indonesia masih tergantung pada curah hujan, sehingga untuk mencegah efek perubahan iklim, pemerintah perlu memperkuat kebijakan yang terkait dengan sumber air. Penelitian ini menggunakan data tahunan sehinggatidak didapatkan angka curah hujan yang optimal. Dengan demikian, peningkatan atau penurunan jumlah curah hujan dari188 mm untuk Indonesia, 155 mm untuk Non Jawa dan 105 mm, dapat memberikan dampak positif dan negatif terhadap produksi padi. ......Paddy is the most important food crop in Indonesia as it is the staple food for 255.6 million Indonesian people and providing seasonal income for about 56.8 million people. Several factors can limit the growth of paddy production, such as socioeconomic and environmental factors, Socioeconomic factors, such as seed subsidies, fertilizer subsidies, machinery grants, and rehabilitation of irrigation could increase output of paddy production by providing input to the plant. Meanwhile, environmental factors including rainfall as proxy of climate change could have a positive or adverse effect on paddy production. This study aims to analyze the determining factors responsible for the increase in the yield of paddy production in Indonesia, using panel data for the period 2007–2016. The regression results show that fertilizers, irrigation, seed subsidies, and machinery grants have a statistically significant and positive impact on paddy production in Indonesia and Non-Java area, and only machinery that have significantly influenced on paddy production in Java-Bali area. These findings suggest that the government has to strengthen the policy and budget on government expenditures, especially fertilizers and irrigation which the highest coefficient elasticity and giving more machinery for Java-Bali area. Paddy production in Indonesia is still depending on rainfall, thus to prevent the effect of climate change, government need to strengthen the policy that related to water source. Since using yearly data, in this research we cannot get an optimum rainfall. Thus, the increase or decrease the number of rainfall from188 mm for Indonesia, 155 mm for Non Java and 105 mm, could give positive and negative impact to paddy production.

Abstrak :
Azolla sp. telah banyak digunakan sebagai pelengkap pupuk anorganik pada budidaya sayuran untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan nitrogen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Azolla sp. segar terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman kangkung air dan pengaruh Azolla sp. dalam mengurangi pemakaian pupuk anorganik. Parameter pertumbuhan vegetatif yang dianalisis meliputi berat basah, berat kering, panjang akar, dan kadar klorofil. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Februari sampai dengan Juli 2022 di Gunung Putri, Bogor dan Laboratorium Kolaborasi Merck FMIPA UI, Depok. Penanaman menggunakan teknik hidroponik sistem sumbu selama 21 hari dengan tiga jenis larutan dengan 5 perlakuan, yaitu: larutan nutrien AB Mix 100% + 0 g Azolla sp. (P1), AB Mix 50% + 0 g Azolla sp. (P2), AB Mix 50% + 20 g Azolla sp. (P3), AB Mix 50% + 40 g Azolla sp. (P4), dan Air + 40 g Azolla sp. (P5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan AB Mix 50% + Azolla sp. 20 dan 40 g (P3 & P4) menunjukkan hasil yang mampu mengimbangi perlakuan kontrol (P1 & P2). Uji statistik Dunn juga menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan nyata pada pertumbuhan vegetatif kontrol (P1 & P2) dengan perlakuan yang diberikan penambahan Azolla sp. (P3 & P4). Sementara itu, penambahan Azolla sp. 40 g pada larutan nutrien berupa air sebagai pupuk hayati tunggal menghasilkan pertumbuhan kangkung air yang rendah. Penggunaan Azolla sp. berpengaruh dalam melengkapi nutrien sebagai pelengkap pupuk anorganik (AB Mix), namun tidak dapat menggantikan penggunaan pupuk anorganik.

 

 

 

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Azolla sp. has been widely used as a complement to inorganic fertilizers in vegetable cultivation to increase nitrogen availability. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of adding Azolla sp. fresh water spinach on vegetative growth and the effect of Azolla sp. in reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers. The vegetative growth parameters analyzed included wet weight, dry weight, root length, and chlorophyll content. The research was carried out from February to July 2022 at Gunung Putri, Bogor and the Merck Collaboration Lab FMIPA UI, Depok. Planting using the hydroponic cultivation technique of the wick system for 21 days with three types of nutrient solutions with 5 treatments, namely: nutrien solutions AB Mix 100% + 0 g Azolla sp. (P1), AB Mix 50% + 0 g Azolla sp. (P2), AB Mix 50% + 20 g Azolla sp. (P3), AB Mix 50% + 40 g Azolla sp. (P4), and Water + 40 g of Azolla sp. (P5). The results showed that the treatment with AB Mix 50% + Azolla sp. 20 and 40 g (P3 & P4) showed results that were able to compensate for the control treatment (P1 & P2). Dunn's statistical test also showed no significant difference in the vegetative growth of the control (P1 & P2) with the treatment given the addition of Azolla sp. (P3 & P4). Meanwhile, the addition of Azolla sp. 40 g of nutrient solution in the form of water as the sole bio-fertilizer resulted in low water spinach growth. Azolla sp. can be used as a substitute for adding nutrients to inorganic fertilizers (AB Mix), but cannot replace the use of inorganic fertilizers.

 

Abstrak :
Good growth of tolypothrix scytonemoides (Gardner) Geitler was observed in low concentrations of NPK fertilizer, single superphospate and urea....

Abstrak :
One of the possible solutions to overcome food crisis, especially in Asia, might be the utilization of the intensification system of rice production with high productivity and less water requirement. This method is popularly called SRI, which has been developed in some Asian countries including Indonesia. This system relies on the rooting management of paddy crop, which is based on the management of water, soil and plant. Basically, this system can utilize either organic, chemical, or combination of booth types of fertilizer. The utilization of organic fertilizers in SRI has been widely conducted in Indonesia especially in west Java. However, the productivity of the of the organic rice farming using SRI is still questionable. This paper presents the analysis of the productivity of rice organic farming through modeling approach. District of Sukabumi in West Java was selected as the study area. The models developed are capable to predict nicely the production and productivity of organic rice farming using SRI.

Abstrak :
Sumber airtanah dangkal sangat peka terhadap sumber pencemaran. Pada daerahdaerah dengan sistem pertanian intensif, pemakaian pupuk nitrogen merupakan sumber potensial terhadap pencemaran senyawa nitrat pada airtanah dangkal. Fluktuasi konsentrasi senyawa nitrat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor secara bersamaan, seperti hidrogeologi, geologi, jarak sawah ke sumur dan aktivitas pemupukan. Hasil observasi terhadap 36 lokasi sampel airtanah dangkal di daerah persawahan Bekasi Utara menunjukkan konsentrasi senyawa nitrat pada sampel airtanah tersebut masih di bawah nilai ambang batas untuk bahan baku air minum. Rendahnya konsentrasi senyawa nitrat tersebut menandakan bahwa pencemaran airtanah dangkal akibat pemakaian pupuk di daerah pesawahan daerah penelitian masih kecil. ......Shallow groundwater is sensitived to contaminate. In the areas with intensive agriculture system, consumption of nitrogen fertilizers is the potential source where nitrate can contaminate groundwater. The fluctuation of nitrate concentration is influenced by many factors, including hidrogeological condition, geology, distance between rice field to the well and fertilization activities. According to observation on 36 location of shallow groundwater in rice field of North Bekasi, it showed that nitrate concentration on groundwater samples still below threshold level for drinking water?s raw material. The result indicates that contamination of shallow groundwater due to the fertilizing in agriculture area at North Bekasi is still insignificant.