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"Pada penelitain kali ini telah dirancang sebuah rangkaian Sawyer-Tower untuk bahan ferroelektrik dengan rangkaian kompensasi dan menggunakan tegangan tingi. Sistem yang digunakan terdiri dari Function Generator dengan output gelombang segitiga, Power Amplifier, Transformator tegangan tinggi (5000V),Frekuensi Counter, dan rangkaian Sawyer Tower yang memiliki rangkaian kompensasi sederhana serta pemrograman dengan meggunakan National Instrumen LabView 2010 yang akan menampilkan grafik histerisis dari bahan ferroelektrik. Dengan sistem ini telah berhasil memeperoleh PE loop dan penyimpanan data dalam bentuk ms.exel

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In this instrumentation research it has been designed a Sawyer-Tower circuit for ferroelectric materials by using a voltage compensation circuit and high voltage. The system used consists of a function generator to provide a triangle wave output, power amplifier, high voltage transformer (5000V), frequency counter, and Sawyer-Tower circuit which has a simple compensation circuit and programming utilized the National Instruments LabVIEW 2010. The result of the program is the showcase hysteresis of ferroelectric materials . This system has been managed to obtain the P-E loop and data storage in the form of .xls, .txt, .word"

"Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan material ferroelektrik Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 yang didoping dengan Mg asetat (BSMT) dengan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan teknik spin coating pada kecepatan putar 3000 rpm selama 30 detik . Proses annealing dilakukan pada temperatur 800oC selama 3 jam. Variabel penelitian adalah persentase doping (0%, 1%, 2% dan 4% berat) dan jenis subtrat (Si dan Pt).Material lapisan tipis BSMT yang terdeposisi pada substrat Si dan Pt diuji komposisinya dengan XRF dan sistem kristalnya dengan XRD. Data XRF membuktikan bahwa material BSMT yang dibuat terdiri atas komponen Ba, Sr Ti dan Mg. Hasil penghalusan data dengan GSAS menunjukkan adanya kesesuaian dengan Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 dari ICDD dengan sistem kristal kubik. Hasil SEM menunjukkan adanya crack pada permukaan yang terjadi pada saat annealing akibat adanya perbedaan thermal expansion coefficient antara BST/BSMT dan substrat.Plot hasil pengukuran polarisasi BST dan BMST membentuk kurva histeresis yang berarti bahwa material tersebut mempunyai sifat ferroelektrik. Doping Mg mengakibatkan adanya kenaikan nilai medan koersif (Ec) pada lapisan dengan substart Pt, sedangkan pada lapisan dengan substrat Si terjadi sebaliknya.

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In this research, ferroelectric material Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 doped Mg have been manufactured by Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) method with spin coating technique on 3000 rpm for 30 seconds. The process of annealing was done by temperature 800oC for 3 hours. The variation of doping are 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% weight of Mg and substrate types are Si and Pt.

Composition of thin film material BSMT deposited on Si and Pt substrate were determined by XRF and crystal system are determined by XRD. XRF data indicates that the film are composed by Ba, Sr, Ti and Mg element. Result of refining XRD data by GSAS corespond to material Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 from ICDD with cubic crystal system. SEM photogragh indicate that there are crack on surface of film that happend during annealing because of differential of thermal expansion coefficient between BST/BSMT dan substrate.

Plot of result of polarisation measurement draw hysteresis. It is mean that the material has ferroelectric caracterization. Doping Mg effects Coersief Field (Ec) increase for substrat Pt, but decrease for substrat Si."

"Rancang bangun sistem uji pelacak loop hysterisis metode Sawyer-Tower merupakan rangkaian yang dapat mencari loop hysterisis pada materi feroelektrik. Rancang bangun ini menggunakan tegangan PLN sebagi sumber tegangan dengan frekuensi sebesar 50 Hz. Pada rancangan bangun ini menggunakan variabel transformer sebagai pengatur tegangan yang diberikan dan trafo sebagai pengatur tegangan maksimum yang diberikan. Sebagai penguat tegangan digunakan trafo step up yang dapat memperkuat tegangan input yang digunakan sebesar 50 kali. Hasil dari rancang bangun ini dapat dilihat pada osiloskop sebagai perangkat berbasis komputer.

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Design of hysteresis loop tracer test system Sawyer-Tower method is a device that can find the hysteresis loop in the ferroelectric material. This design can show the characteristics of the ferroelectric material. This design uses PLN as a voltage source with a frequency of 50 Hz. In this design variable transformers used as the applied voltage regulator and transformer as given maximum voltage regulator. A special transformer used for the power amplifier that can amplify the voltage as big as fifty. The results of this design can be seen on the oscilloscope as computer-based devices."

"Telah berhasil dibuat alat penjejak kurva polarisasi versus medan listrik menggunakan listrik DC untuk karakterisasi sifat listrik material. Alat ini memiliki kemampuan memberikan tegangan listrik DC ±1000V dan sistem konversi sinyal analog ke digital berkapasitas 16 bit (NI myDAQ). Alat ini bekerja secara otomatis dengan hanya menentukan batas tegangan atas dan batas tegangan bawah beserta step tegangan. Pada alat ini PC bertindak sebagai master dan rangkaian mikrokontroler sebagai slave sehingga semua pengendalian diatur di PC. Alat ini diuji dengan menggunakan sampel piezoelectric disc transducer dan kapasitor sebesar 10nF dan 330nF. Sampel diuji dengan batas atas dan batas bawah 1000 hingga -1000 dengan step 10 Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sampel piezoelectric disc transducer mampu menghasilkan kurva histeresis berdasarkan penjejakan yang dilakukan. Polarisasi maksimum, minimum dan remanen positif, negatif yang dihasilkan dengan kapasitor 10nf yaitu 0,0013 C/m2, -0,0013 C/m2 dan 0,0008 C/m2, -0,0007 C/m2, serta pada kapasitor 330nf dihasilkan 0,0013 C/m2, -0,0013 C/m2 dan 0,0006 C/m2, -0,0007 C/m2.

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A polarization versus electric field curve tracking device has been successfully developed using DC electricity to characterize the electrical properties of materials. This tool has the ability to provide a DC power supply voltage of ±1000V and an analog to digital signal conversion system with a capacity of 16 bits (NI myDAQ). This tool works automatically by only determining the upper voltage limit and lower voltage limit along with the voltage step. In this tool the PC acts as the master and the microcontroller circuit as the slave so that all controls are managed on the PC. This tool was tested using a piezoelectric disc transducer sample and a capacitor of 10nF and 330nF. The sample was tested with an upper limit and a lower limit of 1000 to -1000 with step 10. The results showed that the piezoelectric disc transducer sample was able to produce a hysteresis curve based on the traces performed. The maximum, minimum and remanent positive, negative polarization produced with 10nf capacitors are 0.0013 C/m2, -0.0013 C/m2 and 0.0008 C/m2, -0.0007 C/m2 and 0 0.0013 C/m2, -0.0013 C/m2 and 0.0006 C/m2, -0.0007 C/m2."

"The book deals with perovskite-type ferroelectric solid solutions for modern materials science and applications, solving problems of complicated heterophase/domain structures near the morphotropic phase boundary and applications to various systems with morphotropic phases. In this book domain state–interface diagrams are presented for the interpretation of heterophase states in perovskite-type ferroelectric solid solutions. It allows to describe the stress relief in the presence of polydomain phases, the behavior of unit-cell parameters of coexisting phases and the effect of external electric fields. The novelty of the book consists in (i) the first systematization of data about heterophase states and their evolution in ferroelectric solid solutions (ii) the general interpretation of heterophase and domain structures at changing temperature, composition or electric field (iii) the complete analysis of interconnection domain structures, unit-cell parameters changes, heterophase structures and stress relief."

"This textbook, now in its third edition, provides a formative introduction to the structure of matter that will serve as a sound basis for students proceeding to more complex courses, thus bridging the gap between elementary physics and topics pertaining to research activities. The focus is deliberately limited to key concepts of atoms, molecules and solids, examining the basic structural aspects without paying detailed attention to the related properties. For many topics the aim has been to start from the beginning and to guide the reader to the threshold of advanced research. This edition includes four new chapters dealing with relevant phases of solid matter (magnetic, electric and superconductive) and the related phase transitions. The book is based on a mixture of theory and solved problems that are integrated into the formal presentation of the arguments. Readers will find it invaluable in enabling them to acquire basic knowledge in the wide and wonderful field of condensed matter and to understand how phenomenological properties originate from the microscopic, quantum features of nature."