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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Indonesia still relies heavily on energy derived from fossil fuels, especially petroleum and coal. The large share of fossil energy in the national energy mix can have a negative impact on national development, as it increases the dependence of national energy supplies from imports and increases in green house gas emissions, carbon dioxide. The Government of Indonesia has issued a national energy policy whose goal is to achieve an optimal national energy mix, which is to reduce the share of fossil fuels and icrease the use of renewable energy and can use it to replace fossil fuels. However, the development and utilization of biomass as an energy source is still very small compared to its potentioal. Biomass energy development policy has begun to receive attention from the government, although it is still focused on the development policy has begun to receive attention from the government, although it is still focused on the development and use of liquid biofuels, especially palm oil-based biodiesel. There is no clear policy to support the development and utilization of solid biomass to meet national energy needs. Meanwhile, foreign countries, Korea for example, have developed a strategy to utilize Indonesia's biomass as fuel for their power plants. As a country with huge biomass potential, it is ironic that Inodnesia has not used biomass as a source of energy to support development, while other countries use it. This paper aims to provide policy recommendations for developing biomass energy, both in terms of production capacity and demand for use in the country.

Abstrak :

Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak kebijakan bauran energi terhadap perekonomian Indonesia dan emisi CO2. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa skenario bauran energi yang berbeda-beda yang dibandingkan dengan BAU. Metode yang digunakan adalah Social Accounting Matrix dan menggunakan data SAM Energi 2008. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan bauran energi yang lebih ramah lingkungan akan menurunkan level emisi CO2. Total emisi CO2 menurun pada KEN 2025 25,5, KEN 2050 25,8, skenario 1 30,4, dan skenario 2 30,7 dibandingkan dengan BAU. Oleh karena itu, apabila ditinjau dari segi kebijakan pemerintah, pemerintah belum bisa mencapai target NDC penurunan emisi CO2sebesar 29. Selain itu, terjadi penurunan output nasional namun hal ini dapat dilihat sebagai sisi positif bahwa telah terjadi pergeseran pola produksi yang lebih ramah lingkungan dimana komposisi input didominasi oleh EBT. Dari sisi pendapatan, pendapatan masyarakat menurun di semua skenario dikarenakan penurunan output nasional sehingga balas jasa tenaga kerja menurun.

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ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the impact of energy mix policy on Indonesians economy and CO2 emissions. The analysis was performed using several different energy mix scenarios compared to BAU. The method of this study is SAM Energy 2008 and using data SAM Energy 2008. The result indicates that more environmentally friendly of energy mix will decrease CO2 emission level. Total CO2 emissions decreased in KEN 2025 25.5, KEN 2050 25.8, scenario 1 30.4, and scenario 2 30.7 compared to BAU. Therefore, in terms of government policy, the government has not been able to achieve the NDC target of 29 CO2 emission reduction. In addition, there is a decrease in national output but this can be seen as a positive side that there has been a shift in more environmentally friendly production patterns where input composition is dominated by renewable energy. In terms of revenues, public incomes have declined in all scenarios due to the decline in national output so that labor costs decline.