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"This book helps readers gain an in-depth understanding of electronic health record (EHR) systems, medical big data, and the regulations that govern them. It analyzes both the shortcomings and benefits of EHR systems, exploring the law's response to the creation of these systems, highlighting gaps in the current legal framework, and developing detailed recommendations for regulatory, policy, and technological improvements. Electronic Health Records and Medical Big Data addresses not only privacy and security concerns but also other important challenges, such as those related to data quality and data analysis. In addition, the author formulates a large body of recommendations to improve the technology's safety, security, and efficacy for both clinical and secondary (such as research) uses of medical data."

"ABSTRAKRekam Medis Elektronik/Electronic Health Record (EHR) merupakan sistem rekam medis yang terkait dengan informasi kesehatan seseorang. Teknologi electronic health record ini berupaya mengubah layanan kesehatan menjadi lebih baik. Masalah yang sering terjadi adalah sulitnya mengelola arsip untuk pengelompokan data-data rekam medis pasien berdasarkan kategori tertentu seperti tahun pencatatan atau biodata pasien. Dalam penyimpanan data dibutuhkan tempat penyimpanan yang besar untuk menampung data rekam medis dan membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama dalam pencarian data sehingga dapat mengganggu proses penanganan pasien.Dalam tesis ini, dilakukan implementasi sistem untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan teknologi blockchain dalam dunia kesehatan. Prototipe didasarkan pada kerangka blockchain open source yang disebut Hyperledger Composer yang dibangun di bawah Hyperledger Fabric platform yang dibuat untuk menunjukkan kelayakan sistem tersebut. Selanjutnya dilakukan evaluasi kinerja sistem berbasis blockchain untuk penanganan transaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa teknologi blockchain yang dibangun dalam Hyperledger Composer dengan jumlah transaksi sebanyak 100, dimana 100 transaksi tersebut berhasil disimpan di dalam blockchain dalam waktu sekitar total 159 ms dan rata-rata waktu transaksi sebesar 1.59 ms per transaksi. Hal ini berarti semua transaksi dalam sistem Hyperledger dicatat dalam waktu yang relatif cepat, hal ini dikarenakan umunya waktu pencatatan transaksi rekam medis oleh seorang admin membutuhkan waktu beberapa menit.

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ABSTRACTElectronic Health Record (EHR) is a medical record system that is related to a person's health information. This electronic health record technology seeks to change health services for the better. The problem that often occurs is the difficulty of managing records for grouping patient medical records based on certain categories such as the year of recording or biodata of patients. In data storage a large storage area is needed to hold medical record data and requires a relatively long time in searching data so that it can interfere with the patient's handling process.In this thesis, a system is implemented to evaluate the use of blockchain technology in the world of health. The prototype is based on an open source blockchain framework called Hyperledger Composer that was built under the Hyperledger Fabric platform created to demonstrate the feasibility of the system. Next, is the performance of the blockchain based system for handling transactions. The results showed that blockchain technology was built in Hyperledger Composer with a total transaction of 100, of which 100 transactions were successfully stored on the blockchain in about 159 ms in total and the average transaction time was 1.59 ms per transaction. This means that all transactions in the Hyperledger system are recorded in a relatively fast time, this is because generally the time of recording a medical record transaction by an admin takes several minutes

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"Menteri Kesehatan RI pada tahun 2019 mengelurkan peraturan mengenai penyelenggaraan pelayanan telemedicine antar fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Telemedicine ditujukan terutama pada daerah pedesaan atau rural area. Menjaga mutu pelayanan penting dilakukan, maka seluruh pelayanan berbasis telemedicine didokumentasikan dalam rekam medis elektronik (RME) dengan informasi yang lengkap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode narrative literature review dengan memanfaatkan kanal jurnal Garuda, Google Scholar, IEEE Explore, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, dan Scopus. Dengan pendekatan input, proses dan output total 8 artikel ilmiah yang didapatkan dari negara yang telah memiliki kebijakan telemedicine/telehealth di rural area. Penyelenggaraan telemedicine memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangannya masing-masing bergantung kepada hal-hal pendukung dan sasaran penggunanya. Harus memiliki kebijakan, infrastruktur, sumber keuangan dan sumber daya manusia yang dapat menggunakan, memelihara dan mengembangkan telemedicine. Penggunaan ini akan membantu proses pelayanan kesehatan yakni meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat di rural area jika penggunaannya berskala besar. Mutu RME tidak terlihat kelengkapannya secara langsung mengenai informed consent, namun RME yang bermutu dapat mempermudah tenaga kesehatan dalam melakukan penegakkan diagnosa, anamnesa, dan asuhan perawatan pasien.

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The Indonesian Minister of Health in 2019, issued regulations regarding the implementation of telemedicine services between health service facilities. Maintaining quality of services is important, so all telemedicine-based services are documented in an electronic health record (EHR) with complete information in the service process. This research using the narrative literature review method by utilizing:  Garuda journal channels; Google Scholar; IEEE Explorer; ProQuest; PubMed; Science Direct; and Scopus. With the input - output process approach, a total of 8 scientific articles were published on countries that have telemedicine / telehealth policies in rural areas. The implementation of telemedicine has advantages and disadvantages of each depending on the things supporting and the target users. Must have policies, infrastructure, financial resources and human resources that can use, maintain and develop telemedicine. This use will help the health service process by increasing the degree of public health in rural areas if its use is large scale. The quality of the RME does not appear to be directly complete with regard to informed consent, but qualified RME can make it easier for health workers to carry out diagnosis, history and patient care.

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"Perkembangan teknologi informasi mengalami peningkatan pesat dalam satu dekade terakhir. Beberapa teknologi baru mulai diperkenalkan kepada publik. Salah satu teknologi yang ramai diperbincangkan adalah blockchain. Dalam satu dekade terakhir, pengaplikasian blockchain mulai diterapkan pada bidang, seperti supply-chain, logistik, keuangan, dan kesehatan. Pada bidang kesehatan, pertukaran data medis sering dilakukan baik antar penyedia layanan kesehatan ataupun dengan pihak lainnya, seperti pihak asuransi. Pertukaran data ini memang sudah dapat dilakukan melalui sistem Electronic Health Record (EHR) yang ada, namun seiring berjalannya hal tersebut, terdapat isu seperti kepercayaan antar pemangku kepentingan akibat adanya risiko pengubahan data EHR. Isu lainnya adalah sistem EHR yang ada berisiko mengalami single-point of failure. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan pembuatan EHR sistem berbasis blockchain menggunakan Hyperledger Fabric. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis atas keempat aspek, yaitu aspek performa, integrity, confidentiality, dan robustness. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berguna sebagai pemahaman baru dan pertimbangan

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Information and technology development rapidly increasing in a last decade. New technologies have introduced to public. One of the new trend technology is blockchain. From the last decade, the applications of blockchain has widely spread to the sectors, such as supply-chain, logistic, finance, and healthcare. In healthcare sector, medical data is frequently exchange between healthcare providers or others parties such as insurance company. This data exchange system has already established in the Electronic Health Record (EHR) system from most of the healthcare providers. Nevertheless, the existing system still raising issues as the trust among the stakeholders due to the risk of EHR data manipulation. Other issues is the existing EHR system has potential to the single-point of failure of the system. Responding to the stated problems, the EHR system based on blockchain using Hyperledger Fabric was proposed. The study analyzing four aspects from the proposed EHR system, the performance, integrity, confidentiality, and robustness aspect."

"Latar belakang: Rantai penularan pandemi SARS-CoV-2 saat ini telah menyebar secara global, melibatkan lebih dari satu negara, maka pelacakan kontak harus dilakukan. Alat digital, seperti ponsel dan aplikasi untuk pelacakan kontak, dapat mendukung dan melengkapi pengawasan dalam upaya melacak kontak erat. Sistem Electronic Health Alert Card (E-HAC) sebagai aplikasi pelacakan kontak digital yang digunakan di Indonesia termasuk Bandara Soekarno Hatta. Model Penerimaan Teknologi yang diperluas digunakan untuk menyelidiki apakah warga bersedia menerima dan mengadopsi aplikasi seluler E-HAC.Penerapan E-HAC di bandara Soekarno Hatta saat ini masih rendah, sehingga diperlukan analisa untuk mengetahui penyebabnya. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan penumpang penerbangan dalam penerapan E-HAC sebagai aplikasi pelacakan kontak COVID 19 di Bandara Soekarno Hatta. Metode: Metode survei digital pada pintu kedatangan penerbangan domestik dan internasional Bandara Soekarno Hatta dengan protokol kesehatan yang ketat dan informasi didapatkan dari 100 kuesioner pada penerbangan domestik dan 100 kuesioner penerbangan internasional yang dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil: Faktor yang memengaruhi penerimaan penumpang penerbangan dalam penerapan E-HAC baik penerbangan domestik dan internasional antara lain sikap, kepercayaan, masalah privasi, persepsi kemudahan, serta persepsi manfaat dalam menggunakan E-HAC, sedangkan persepsi risiko terhadap COVID 19 tidak berhubungan dalam penerapan E-HAC. Simpulan: Kemudahan dan manfaat penerapan E-HAC perlu ditingkatkan serta memastikan keamanan privasi data pengguna E-HAC untuk memaksimalkan penerimaan penumpang dalam penerapan E-HAC.

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Backgrounds: The chain of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has now spread globally, involving more than one country, so contact tracing must be carried out. Digital tools, such as cell phones and applications for contact tracing, can support and complement surveillance in close contact tracing. Electronic Health Alert Card (E-HAC) system as a digital contact tracing application used in Indonesia, including Soekarno Hatta Airport. The extended Technology Acceptance Model is used to investigate whether residents are willing to accept and adopt the E-HAC mobile application. The implementation of E-HAC at Soekarno Hatta airport is currently still low, so analysis is needed to find out the causes.

Objective: To determine the factors that affect the acceptance of flight passengers in the application of E-HAC as a COVID 19 contact tracing application at Soekarno Hatta Airport. Method: Digital survey method at the arrival gate of domestic and international flights at Soekarno Hatta Airport with strict health protocols and information obtained from 100 questionnaires on domestic flights and 100 questionnaires on international flights which were analyzed using correlation tests.

Results: Factors that influence the acceptance of flight passengers in the application of E-HAC for both domestic and international flights include attitudes, trusts, privacy issues, perceptions ease of use, and perceptions of utility in using E-HAC, while the risk perception of COVID 19 is not related to the implementation of E-HAC.

Conclusion: The ease and utility of implementing E-HAC need to be improved and ensure the security of data privacy of E-HAC users to maximize passenger acceptance in the implementation of E-HAC."

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Sebagai klinik yang melayani kebutuhan kesehatan seluruh sivitas UI, Klinik Satelit Makara UI menyimpan rekam medis yang terus meningkat dan berubah setiap tahun. Untuk menghindari pelayanan yang lamban dan tidak memuaskan, Klinik Satelit Makara UI menggunakan teknologi untuk mengelola rekam medisnya. Penelitian ini menggambarkan proses penerapan rekam medis elektronik di Klinik Satelit Makara UI untuk mendukung layanan prima. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dalam bentuk studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, menganalisis dokumen dan aplikasi yang digunakan. Tinjauan literatur dilakukan untuk mendukung dan melengkapi analisis hasil penelitian. Klinik Satelit Makara UI menggunakan aplikasi bernama e-Health yang dikembangkan dan dikelola oleh PT. Aksara Digital yang mencakup proses pelayanan kesehatan yang disediakan. Setiap unit di klinik merasa terbantu dengan sistem ini, tidak hanya mengurangi pekerjaan tetapi juga membantu mereka menjadi lebih profesional sebagai pekerja kesehatan. Ini berdampak pada layanan yang diberikan, baik SDM kepada pasien maupun antara SDM. Dengan mutualisme dari keduanya  klinik akan menghasilkan layanan yang lebih baik dari sebelumnya.

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As a clinic that serves the health needs of the entire University of Indonesia community, Makara Satellite Clinic Indonesia University certainly stores a lot of records and medical records increases and changes every year with a high risk of having chaotic archives if not managed properly. To avoid sluggish and unsatisfactory community services, the Makara Satellite Clinic Indonesia University utilizes the development of information technology to manage its medical records by using Electronic Medical Records (EMR). This Study purpose is to explaining the process of implementation of electronic medical records at the Makara Satellite Clinic Indonesia University to support excellent health services. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach in the form of a case study. Data collection is done by interviewing, and analyzing documents and applications that are used in the research location. A literature review was also carried out to support and complete the analysis of the research results. Makara Satellite Clinic Indonesia University using an application named e-Health which develop and maintained by Aksara Digital Corp. This application almost covering all of health service process that provided by clinic. Every units on clinic feel helped with these system that it not only reduces their jobdesk but also help them to be more profesional as health worker. Of course this have an impact of services provided, both human resources to patients and between human resources. With mutual assistance from both the clinic will produce better service than before.

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"Pervasive healthcare is an emerging research discipline, focusing on the development and application of pervasive and ubiquitous computing technology for healthcare and wellness. Pervasive healthcare seeks to respond to a variety of pressures on healthcare systems, including the increased incidence of life-style related and chronic diseases, emerging consumerism in healthcare, need for empowering patients and relatives for self-care and management of their health, and need to provide seamless access for healthcare services, independent of time and place. Pervasive healthcare may be defined from two perspectives. First, it is the development and application of pervasive computing (or ubiquitous computing, ambient intelligence) technologies for healthcare, health and wellness management. Second, it seeks to make healthcare available to anyone, anytime, and anywhere by removing locational, time and other restraints while increasing both the coverage and quality of healthcare. This book proposes to define the emerging area of pervasive health and introduce key management principles, most especially knowledge management, its tools, techniques and technologies. In addition, the book takes a socio-technical, patient-centric approach which serves to emphasize the importance of a key triumvirate in healthcare management namely, the focus on people, process and technology. Last but not least the book discusses in detail a specific example of pervasive health, namely the potential use of a wireless technology solution in the monitoring of diabetic patients."