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Abstrak :
This study was accomplished in order to determine marketing channel ,marketing margin,farmer's share,market structure,market conduct,and amrket performance that occur in chicken egg marketing of Sleman regency.....

Abstrak :
There are seven species of marine turtles known throughout international waters. These are Loggerhead turtle/Caretla carelta (Linnaeus, 1758), Green turtle/Chelania mydas (Linnaeus, 1766), Kemp's ridley turtlell.epidochelys kempii (Garman, 1880), Olive ridley turtle/1,epidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829), Flatback turtle/Natator depressus (Garman, 1880), and Leatherback turtle/Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1766). In Indonesian waters, there are six species of marine turtles. Kemp's ridley turtle is the only species from the above, which is not found. The status of the Olive ridley turtle in the Red DataBook-IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is 'Endangered'. CITES (Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna) categorizes this species in `Appendix I' meaning that the trading of this animal should be limited. In Indonesia, the Olive ridley--along with the Leatherback, Hawksbill, Flatback and Loggerhead turtle--is listed as a protected species, while the Green turtle is the only turtle species not protected by regulation. Compared with other species of turtle, there is still lack of documentation concerning the Olive ridley turtle in Indonesia. So far, there is still relatively little publication about this species. The main reason is probably because of the limited knowledge of the Olive ridley nesting beach's location. For this reason, research was conducted at Pantai Marengan, in Alas Purwo National Park (Alas Purwo NP), Banyuwangi, East Java. This is one of the few known nesting sites of the Olive ridley turtle in Indonesia. The aim of the research was to investigate the nesting of the Olive ridley turtle. A study of morphometrics and captive program in Alas Punvo NP was also made as part of the research. It is hoped that, the results will be useful for the conservation of the turtle and its habitat. The research was performed during the turtle's nesting season, between March and October 1995. During this period, one hundred and sixty-two (162) nests were found. The peak of activity occurred in July, when fifty-one (51) nests were located. The average clutch size was one hundred and four (104) eggs per nest. On average, the nests were located 5.8 m (SD = 6.7) from vegetation and 18.5 m (SD = 11.5) from the highest high tide mark. The morphometric study of thirty (30) nesting turtles showed that the average curved carapace measurements were 67.5 cm in length (SD = 3.2) and 66.7 cm in width (SD 3.9). The results of carapace measurements showed that the carapace length positively correlated with carapace width, i.e., as the carapace length increase, so the carapace width will also increase. No correlation was found between carapace length and the number of eggs in each clutch. There was also no correlation found between the number of eggs laid and the time used for nesting activity. The captive program of Olive ridley turtle in Alas Purwo NP was set-up in 1989. The survival percentage of hatchlings from semi-natural hatching recorded during the 1995 season was 83.7 %. The highest hatching death rate (45.3 %) occurred in August, when temperature in the rearing container fell to 20"C. According to the secondary data, during the 1984/1985 nesting season, only three (3) nesting sites of the Olive ridley turtle were found in Alas Purwo NP. In the period between April and June 1996, however, one hundred and sixty-nine nesting sites were located. Is population of the Olive ridley turtle increasing within the Alas Purwo NP? The question can only be answered more accurately by tagging of individual animals and monitoring the species over a longer term.

Abstrak :
Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi gliserol 6% dengan beberapa konsentrasi kuning telur terhadap kualitas spermatozoa ikan kerapu kertang Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1970) pascakriopreservasi. Semen ikan kerapu kertang didapatkan dengan metode pengurutan. Larutan pengencer terdiri atas marine fish ringer, gliserol 6%, dan berbagai konsentrasi kuning telur (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%; 20%; dan 25%). Ekuilibrasi dilakukan selama 10 menit pada suhu 4 ºC. Pembekuan dalam freezer (-20 ºC) selama 48 jam. Pencairan pada suhu 45 ºC selama 30-60 detik. Evaluasi semen dilakukan secara makroskopis (warna, volume, dan pH) dan secara mikroskopis (motilitas, viabilitas, dan abnormalitas) serta kemampuan fertilisasinya terhadap telur ikan kerapu macan. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANAVA yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey, terdapat perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) terhadap motilitas, viabilitas, dan kemampuan fertilisasi spermatozoa ikan kerapu kertang pascakriopreservasi, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap abnormalitas spermatozoa pascakriopreservasi (P>0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kuning telur 15% merupakan konsentrasi optimum karena menghasilkan nilai persentase rata-rata motilitas, viabilitas, dan kemampuan fertilisasi tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 83,64 ± 1,72%, 81,44 ± 2,06%, dan 77,31 ± 1,90%. Nilai rata-rata terendah pada persentase abnormalitas sebesar 21,50 ± 1,20%.

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Research on the effect of combination 6% glycerol and eggyolk as cryoprotectant of giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 1970) spermatozoa quality postcryopreservation. Giant grouper cement is obtained by sorting method. The diluent solution used consist of marine fish ringer, 6% glycerol, and varian egg yolk concentrations (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%; 20%; dan 25%). Equilibration is carried out for 10 minutes at 4ºC. Freezing in the freezer (-20 ºC) for 48 hours. Thawing at 45 ºC for 30-60 seconds. Cement evaluation is carried out macroscopically (color, volume, and pH) and microscopically (motility, viability, and abnormality) and also the ability to fertilize the egg of tigger grouper. Based on the ANAVA statistical test followed by Tukey, there were significant differences effect on motility, viability, and fertilization ability of spermatozoa of giant grouper postcryopreservation (P> 0.05), but abnormality was significantly affected (P <0.05). (P> 0.05). The optimum concentration of egg yolk is 15% because it produces the highest percentage value of motility, viability, and fertilization ability of 83.64 ± 1.72%, 81.44 ± 2.06% and 77.31 ± 1.90% respectively. The lowest average value of abnormalitiy percentage is 21.50 ± 1.20%.

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ABSTRAK
Penelitian kombinasi konsentrasi kuning telur sebagai krioprotektan belum pernah dilakukan pada ikan Botia (Chromobotia macrachanthus). Penelitian menggunakan konsentrasi kuning telur sebagai krioprotektan ekstraseluler dan metanol 10% sebagai krioprotektan intraseluler. Konsentrasi kuning telur (0%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 13%, 15%, 17%) dan penggunaan Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) 1% terhadap motilitas, viabilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa ikan botia 24 jam pascakriopreservasi. Preservasi dilakukan pada tabung nitrogen cair dengan suhu -196°C. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANAVA satu arah menunjukkan pemberian berbagai konsentrasi kuning telur berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap persentase motilitas, viabilitas, dan abnormalitas spermatozoa ikan Botia 24 jam pascakriopreservasi. Konsentrasi kuning telur optimum ialah 15%, dengan nilai persentase motilitas (96,43 ± 1,49%), nilai persentase viabilitas (84,25 ± 1,26%) serta nilai persentase abnormalitas terendah (11,50 ± 1,29%). Uji Tukey persentase nilai fertilitas telur 24 jam pascakriopreservasi tertinggi pada konsentrasi kuning telur 15% (50,64 ± 4,37%).

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ABSTRACT
The combination effect of egg yolk and 10% methanol on Botia fish spermatozoa quality and has not been performed, yet. Accordingly, the objrctive of study was: first, to evaluate the motility rate, viability rate, and abnormality of Botia fish spermatozoa 1 day after cryopreservation. Second, to evaluate the fertility rate of Botia fish egg after fertilized by cryopreserved sperm. The various concentration of egg yolk used were, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 13%, 15%, and 17% whereas the negative control (0%) used 10% methanol only without egg yolk. While, the positive of control used 1% of CMC. Botia sperm and egg were collected by hand stripping method. Physical and chemical of botia sperm had been observed by visual observation whereas the otility rate, vuiability rate, abnormality rate and fertility rate determined by light microscope. Botia fish sperm were mixed with cryoprotectand and extender before freezing at -196℃ (in LN). cryopreservation of botia fish sperm were conducted for one day. Based on one-way ANOVA test, gave the significant different between treatment group and control. Furthermore, according to Tuket test, they were gave the significant different (P<0.05) also among treatment group. Fifteen percent of egg yolk was optimum concentreation that gave the highest motility rate, (96.43 ± 1.49%), and the highest viability (84.25 ± 1.26%) and showed the lowest percentage of abnormality (11.50 ± 1.29%), and also the highest fertility rate of Botia fish egg that (50,64 ± 4,37%) with protected by 15% of egg yolk.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Bahan pengencer yang biasa digunakan untuk kriopreservasi spermatozoa berasal dari produk hewani seperti kuning telur. Kuning telur mengandung kolesterol, fosfolipid, dan low density protein yang dapat mencegah pembentukkan kristal es sehingga melindungi integritas membran plasma terhadap kejutan dingin selama proses kriopreservasi. Namun, penggunaan kuning telur menimbulkan kekhawatiran terutama potensi peningkatan kontaminasi mikroba dan agen penularan zoonosis. Kedelai merupakan produk protein nabati yang sering digunakan sebagai pengemulsi dalam produksi makanan untuk manusia dan berfungsi sebagai pelindung dari kejutan dingin sama halnya low density lipoprotein pada kuning telur. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bahan pengencer berupa sari kedelai untuk kriopreservasi spermatozoa menghasilkan kualitas yang sama atau bahkan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan bahan pengencer berbasis kuning telur. Konsentrasi sari kedelai yang optimal pada bahan pengencer untuk kriopreservasi spermatozoa berkisar 0,8-1,5%.

Abstrak :
The current study investigated the effect of temu ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa rhizome) sequester on parasitic worm infection in primary school students located in Kecamatan Taman Sari in West Jakarta........

Abstrak :
The Objectives of This research were to observe the effect of utilization azolla pinnata as a mix in ration of 72 Arabic layers for increasing egg quality and decreasing ration cost.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan perubahan kadar trigliserida (TG) serum postprandial setelah 2 jam dan 4 jam pemberian konsumsi satu butir telur omega-3 dibandingkan dengan telur ayam biasa. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan desain cross over, alokasi acak, tersamar tunggal yang dilakukan terhadap individu sehat berusia 19-24 tahun di FKUI Jakarta, bulan September 2013. Berdasarkan kriteria penelitian, didapat 24 orang subyek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 12 orang. Data yang diperoleh meliputi sebaran dan karakteristik subyek, asupan lemak, karbohidrat, kolesterol dan polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), serta kadar TG serum awal, 2 jam dan 4 jam postprandial. Analisis data menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan Wilcoxon. Median usia subyek penelitian adalah 21 tahun dan sebagian besar subyek penelitian ini adalah laki-laki yaitu 15 orang dari total 24 orang. Rerata IMT subyek termasuk ke dalam kategori normal untuk Asia Pasifik. Asupan karbohidrat antar kedua kelompok pada periode run in tidak berbeda bermakna (p = 0,30) begitupun pada periode wash out (p = 0,44). Asupan lemak subyek kedua kelompok pada periode run in tidak berbeda bermakna (p = 0,74) dan pada periode wash out juga tidak berbeda bermakna (p = 0,85). Asupan kolesterol pada subyek melebihi jumlah anjuran dan jumlah asupan PUFA di bawah nilai anjuran. Perubahan kadar TG serum 2 jam postprandial pada kelompok perlakuan telur omega-3 yaitu -2,79±13,86 mg/dL sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol telur ayam biasa 4,38±10,07 mg/dL. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antar kedua kelompok (p = 0,03). Perubahan kadar TG serum 4 jam postprandial antar kedua kelompok juga terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p = 0,04) yaitu pada kelompok perlakuan 0,00(-38-57) mg/dL dan pada kelompok kontrol 6,00±13,25 mg/dL. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan pengaruh konsumsi satu butir telur omega-3 lebih baik dibandingkan satu butir telur ayam biasa terhadap kadar TG serum postprandial.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the change of 2 and 4 hours postprandial triglycerides serum after given an omega-3 egg compared with an ordinary egg in healthy young adult. This is an experimental, randomized, single blind, cross over study on healthy young adult 19-24 years of age in FKUI Jakarta, September. By study criteria, 24 subjects were randomly allocated to one of two groups, 12 subjects for each group. Data collected in this study consist of subject distribution and characteristic, intake of carbohydrate, fat, cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and triglycerides serum, that were assessed before treatment, 2 hours and 4 hours after. The statistical analyses used dependent t-test and Wilcoxon. Median of age in subject is 21 years and 15 subjects of the study are male . BMI of study subjecst is in normal category for Asia Pacific. The carbohydrate intakes between both groups in 'run in period' are not significantly different (p = 0.30) and also in 'wash out period' (p = 0,44). Intakes of fat between both groups are also not significantly different in 'run in period' (p = 0,74) and 'wash out period' (p = 0,85). Cholesterol intake in both groups was higher than recommendation, and PUFA lower than recommendation. Changes of 2 hours postprandial triglycerides serum in omega-3 group (treatment) is -2,79±13,86 mg/dL and in ordinary egg group (control) is 4,38±10,07 mg/dL. There is significantly different in both groups (p = 0,03). Changes of 4 hours postprandial triglycerides serum in both groups is also significantly different (p = 0,04) which is in treatment group is 0,00(-38-57) mg/dL and in control group is 6,00±13,25 mg/dL. The conclusion from this study is the effect of an omega-3 egg consumption is better than an ordinary egg consumption on postprandial TG serum.

Abstrak :
Reproduction characteristic of female egg-carrying buntingi, Xenopoecilus oophorus had been studied. This research was conducted at Lake Poso, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Specimens were collected monthly from August 2012 to July 2013 at four sampling stations around the lake. Macroscopic observations of ovarian maturity level and gonadosomatic index revealed a long reproductive period during the rainy season, with four spawning peaks in November, January, February and April. The highest total fecundity was 135 oocytes, and the highest batch fecundity was 36 oocytes. Analysis of the oocyte diameter frequency distribution showed X. oophorus is a multiple spawner. Batch fecundity was correlated (r = 0.78) with body weight.

Karakteristik Reproduksi Ikan Endemik Rono, Xenopoecilus oophorus betina, di Danau Poso, Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini mempelajari karakteristik reproduksi ikan betina endemik rono, Xenopoecilus oophorus, betina di Danau Poso, Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian dilakukan di Danau Poso Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia. Sampel dikumpulkan setiap bulan mulai bulan Agustus 2012 sampai bulan Juli 2013 di empat stasiun. Berdasarkan pengamatan tingkat kematangan ovarium secara makroskopis dan pengukuran indeks kematangan gonad, diketahui ikan rono memiliki waktu reproduksi yang panjang yang terjadi selama musim hujan. Pada periode reproduksi ini didapati empat puncak waktu pemijahan yakni bulan November, Januari, Februari dan April. Fekunditas tertinggi 135 oosit, sedangkan gugus fekunditas tertinggi 36 oosit. Berdasarkan analisis sebaran frekuensi ukuran diameter oosit diketahui tipe pemijahan ikan rono pemijah berulang. Hubungan gugus fekunditas dengan bobot tubuh tanpa gonad berkorelasi positif (r = 0,78).