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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Tesis ini menganalisis mengenai hubungan perbaikan proses pre-clearance di pelabuhan Tanjung Priok terhadap penurunan dwelling time. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara lama perekaman izin dan lama pengurusan PIB terhadap proses pre-clearance suatu peti kemas. Perekaman izin dilakukan yang dilakukan oleh INSW sebagian besar dilakukan sebelum barang datang sebelum stacking time sebesar 92,55 dari keseluruhan sampel sebanyak 1141 kontainer. Sedangkan pengurusan dokumen perizinan saat barang datang di pelabuhan sebesar 6,31 dan pengurusan dokumen sesudah barang tiba di pelabuhan sebesar 1,14 . INSW melakukan perbaikan ndash; perbaikan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan demi mengurangi waktu pre-clearance yang pada akhirnya akan mengurangi dwelling time di pelabuhan.

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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between improved pre clearance process and decreased dwelling time in Tanjung Priok harbor. A result, there is a significant relation between the time needed for recording the license and also the time for submitting the PIB form in pre clearance process. The time needed for recording the license done by INSW mostly before stacking time which is about 92,55 from the sample at 1141 container. Meanwhile when the container arrived at the harbor about 6,31 and 1,14 after the container arrived. INSW done a lot of improvement in the pre clearance process to decrease the dwelling time in harbor.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas tentang model pengelolaan pelabuhan dan peningkatan kinerja logistik pada sektor industri pelabuhan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena Indonesia memiliki potensi besar menjadi poros maritim dunia. Namun, efisiensi logistik pelabuhan masih belum memuaskan, hal ini terlihat dari kinerja dwelling time masih 5-6 hari, dan biaya logistik masih 24,64% dari produk domestik bruto. Model ini dibangun dari 9 variabel laten dan 33 variabel manifest. Keseluruhan variabel yang digunakan berdasarkan studi literatur dan hasil wawancara langsung dengan 20 praktisi/ahli di bidang logistik pelabuhan, dan melalui focus group discussion untuk memastikan keseluruhan indikator yang digunakan sesuai dengan kondisi dan karakteristik pelabuhan di indonesia. Untuk membangun dan menguji model, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Structural equation modeling dimana terdapat 15 hipotesis yang digunakan. Sebanyak 500 kuesioner yang didistribusikan ke berbagai stakeholders industri pelabuhan, Namun, hanya 260 kuesioner yang valid untuk dapat diproses lebih lanjut. Hasil perhitungan persamaan struktural diperoleh bahwa faktor political economic environment berpengaruh signifikan terhadap model pengelolaan pelabuhan, dan model pengelolaan pelabuhaan berupa pemisahan dengan tegas antara operator pelabuhan dan regulator pelabuhan dan pengembangan pelabuhan dalam bentuk konsesi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap infrastructure and port facility, hinterland accessibility, quality of services, integration information system, price and incentive strategy; efisiensi customs clearance and administration procedure. Dalam model ini, efisiensi customs clearance and administration procedure yang diintegrasikan dengan operator pelabuhan terbukti berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja logistik pelabuhan melalui quality of services, integration information system. Model ini juga membuktikan bahwa Efisiensi customs clearance and administration procedure berpengaruh signifikan terhadap quality of services, integration information system, dan price and incentive strategy. Begitupula infrastructure and port facility terhadap quality of services; quality of services terhadap kinerja logistik pelabuhan; dan integration information system terhadap kinerja logistik pelabuhan; berpengaruh signifkan terhadap kinerja logistik pelabuhan. Sedangkan variabel yang menurut responden tidak berpengaruh signifikan adalah hinterland accessibility terhadap quality of services dan price and incentive strategy terhadap kinerja logistik pelabuhan. Selain itu, dari hasil pengujian signifikansi model menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kinerja logistik pelabuhan ekpor-impor di indonesia, prioritas utama yang perlu dilakukan adalah integration information system antara operator dan customs baru kemudian dilakukan price and incentive strategy, quality of service, infrastructure and port facility, dan terakhir hinterland accessibility. ......This study discusses the port management model and improved logistics performance in the port industry sector in Indonesia. This research was conducted because Indonesia has great potential to become the world's maritime axis. However, the efficiency of port logistics is still not satisfactory, this can be seen from the dwelling time performance of still 5-6 days, and logistics costs still 24.64% of gross domestic product. This model was built from 9 latent variables and 33 manifest variables. All variables used are based on literature studies and the results of direct interviews with 20 practitioners/experts in the field of port logistics, and through a focus group discussion to ensure that all indicators used are by the conditions and characteristics of ports in Indonesia. To build and test the model, this study uses the Structural equation modeling method where there are 15 hypotheses used. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed to various port industry stakeholders. However, only 260 questionnaires were valid for further processing. The results of structural equation calculations show that political-economic environment factors have a significant effect on the port management model, and port management models in the form of explicit separation between port operators and port regulators in the form of concessions have a significant effect on infrastructure and port facilities, hinterland accessibility, quality of services, integration of information system, price and incentive strategy, efficiency of customs clearance and administration procedure. In this model, the efficiency of customs clearance and administration procedures integrated with port operators has proven to have a significant effect on port logistics performance through the quality of services, integration information systems. This model also proves that the efficiency of customs clearance and administration procedures has a significant effect on the quality of services, integration of information systems, and price and incentive strategies. Also infrastructure and port facility for quality of services; quality of services to the performance of port logistics; and integration of information systems to port logistics performance; significant effect on port logistics performance. While the variables which according to respondents do not have a significant effect are hinterland accessibility to quality of services and price and incentive strategies to port logistics performance. In addition, the results of testing the significance of the model indicate that to improve the performance of import-export port logistics in Indonesia, the main priority that needs to be taken is the integration of information systems between operators and customs and then a price and incentive strategy, quality of service, infrastructure and port facilities, and finally the hinterland accessibility.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Dwelling Time adalah lamanya waktu peti kemas ditimbun di Tempat Penimbunan Sementara (TPS), sejak dibongkar dari kapal sampai keluar dari TPS. Salah satu proses proses timbulnya dwelling time adalah proses customs clearance. Dari empat jalur yang diterapkan oleh manajemen resiko Indonesia, Jalur kuning dan jalur merah merupakan dua jalur dengan dwelling time yang lama dimana rata – rata dwelling time untuk jalur kuning pada bulan Januari 2015 adalah sebesar 3,08 hari sedangkan untuk jalur merah sebesar 6,91 hari. Penelitian ini disusun dengan dua tahap, tahap pertama menyusun strategi dalam menurunkan dwelling time pada proses customs clearance dengan metode Multi Criteria Decision Making yang diperoleh dari para pakar yang terkait pada proses customs clearance. Tahap kedua dengan mengambarkan As-Is dan membuat skenario alternatif dengan menggunakan metode Discrete event simulation. Strategi yang diperoleh dengan metode MCDM adalah Menambah jumlah operator pemeriksa fisik dan dokumen, Menambah jumlah operator pemeriksa fisik dan dokumen, Memperbaiki Tempat penimbunan, Membangun gudang khusus di berbagai daerah, Perizinan online, Membuat pelayan izin terpadu satu atap dan Menggunakan Hi-Co Scaner, Perizinan online, Membuat pelayan izin terpadu satu atap dan Menggunakan Hi-Co Scaner. Hasil dengan simulasi Arena menggambarkan situasi “what-if”.

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ABSTRACT
Dwelling Time is the duration of a container is stored in a temporary storing area (TSA), from the moment it is unloaded from ship until it is taken out of the TSA. One of the processes that causes dwelling time is the customs clearance. Out of all four lanes implemented by the Indonesian risk management, the yellow and red lanes are the two lanes with the longest dwelling time, where the average dwelling time for the yellow lane in January 2015 was recorded to be 3.08 days, and 6.91 days for the red lane. This research was conducted in two phases. The first phase was planning a strategy in decreasing the dwelling time on customs clearance by using Multi Criteria Decision Making, with the aids obtained from relevant experts in customs clearance. The second phase was designing the As-Is condition and an alternative scenario by using Discrete Event Simulation. The strategy obtained from the MCDM was to add the number of physical inspection and document cross-checking officers, improving temporary storing area, build special warehouses in various regions, online licensing, making a one-stop integrated licensing service, and using the HiCo Scanner. The results obtained from the Arena software described the “what-if” situation

Abstrak :
Terminal merupakan unsur utama yang paling penting dari Pelabuhan dalam melayani kapal dalam melaksanakan bongkar muat barang. Fasilitas yang dibutuhkan dalam kegiatan bongkar muat barang disesuaikan dengan jenis barang, kemasan barang yang akan ditangani dan jenis kapal yang akan dilayani. Namun di Pelabuhan memiliki kendala dalam dwelling time. Banyak penelitian telah dilakukan mengenai dwelling time. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan simulasi pemodelan sistem dinamik untuk mengurangi dwelling time di Pelabuhan Jakarta Internasional Container Terminal dan penerapan Ekosistem Logistik Nasional. Metode yang digunakan dengan sistem dinamik akan menunjukkan faktor utama dalam mengurangi dwelling time. Selain itu juga, dilakukan penerapan ekosistem logistik nasional dalam mengurangi dwelling time di pelabuhan JICT. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan didapatkan bahwa pengaruh terbesar dari dwelling time di Pelabuhan JICT adalah aspek kepabeanan dan infrastruktur. Pengembangan model berdasarkan dari dwelling time, arus kontainer ke yard dan kuantitas bongkar yang telah di validasi mendapatkan mean error kurang dari 5% dan error variance kurang dari 30% sehingga dapat dilanjutkan dalam penerapan ekosistem logistik nasional. Pada dwelling time terjadi penurunan dari 3,52 hari menjadi 1,50 hari atau sekitar 57%. Peningkatan kuantitas bongkar dari 88.878 TEU’s/Bulan menjadi 96.712 TEU’s/Bulan, serta pada arus kontainer terjadi penurunan dari 161.722 Kontainer/Bulan menjadi 159.019 Kontainer/Bulan. Sehingga penerapan ekosistem logistik nasional dapat diterapkan di Pelabuhan JICT untuk mengurangi dwelling time dan meningkatkan kuantitas bongkar. ...... The terminal is the most important main element of the Port in serving ships in carrying out loading and unloading of goods. The facilities needed in the loading and unloading activities of goods are adjusted to the type of goods, the packaging of the goods to be handled and the type of ship to be served. But in the Port has obstacles in dwelling time. A lot of research has been done on dwelling time. In this study, a simulation of dynamic system modeling was conducted to reduce dwelling time at the Port of Jakarta International Container Terminal and the implementation of the National Logistics Ecosystem. The methods used with dynamic systems will show the main factors in reducing dwelling time. In addition, the implementation of national ecosystem logistics is carried out in reducing dwelling time at JICT ports. Based on the results of processing, it was obtained that the biggest influence of dwelling time at JICT Port was the customs and infrastructure aspects. The development of models based on dwelling time, container flow to yards and quantity of unloading that has been validated gets a mean error of less than 5% and error variance of less than 30% so that it can be continued in the implementation of national ecosystem logistics. At dwelling time there was a decrease from 3.52 days to 1.50 days or about 57%. Increased unloading quantity from 88878 TEU's /Month to 96712 TEU's/Month, and in container flows there was a decrease from Container 161722/Month to 159019 Container/Month. So that the implementation of national ecosystem logistics can be applied at JICT Port to reduce dwelling time and increase the quantity of unloading.

Abstrak :
Perekonomian nasional bergantung dari salah satunya adalah kegiatan ekspor-impor. Pelabuhan merupakan salah satu tempat dimana kegiatan ekspor-impor terjadi. Di pelabuhan biasanya terdapat beberapa terminal yang memiliki fungsi tertentu yang salah satunya adalah terminal peti kemas sebagai tempat bongkar muat kapal peti kemas dan menangani pergerakan peti kemas di pelabuhan. Salah satu indikator penting dalam operasional terminal peti kemas adalah dwelling time. Dwelling time merupakan waktu yang dihitung mulai dari suatu peti kemas dibongkar (unloading) dari kapal sampai peti kemas tersebut meninggalkan terminal pelabuhan melalui pintu utama atau dimuat (loading) ke kapal dari masuk melalui pintu utama. Dwelling time sampai saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan di seluruh pelabuhan di Indonesia. Dwelling time pelabuhan dipengaruhi oleh diantaranya yaitu aspek kepabeanan dan kepelabuhanan. Aspek ini masing-masing memiliki variabel-variabel yang saling terhubung dan memiliki keterkaitan dampak yang terjadi jika salah satu nilai variabelnya diubah. Hubungan dan nilai variabel diperlukan guna mengetahui seberapa besar dampaknya terhadap dwelling time. Pengaruh perubahan variabel ini, dapat diketahui dengan cara pembuatan model simulasi dwelling time karena cara ini dinilai lebih efisien dibanding perubahan infrastruktur secara langsung di lapangan yang akan memakan banyak biaya dan waktu. Model simulasi yang dibuat akan menjadi model basis untuk membangun sebuah website yang dapat membantu perusahaan pelabuhan dalam menentukan keputusan atau menjadi sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis cloud storage sehingga ruang penyimpanan lebih fleksibel dan dapat digunakan secara bersama oleh pihak-pihak yang membutuhkan di perusahaan atau pelabuhan tersebut. Adanya sistem pendukung keputusan untuk membantu analisis dan membantu pengambilan keputusan pelabuhan ini diharapkan mampu mendukung produktivitas kegiatan di pelabuhan dan mencapai nilai dwelling time terendah yang berdampak pula pada pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. ......Export-import activities are one of pillars of the national economy. The port is one of the locations where export-import transactions take place. There are usually various terminals at the port that serve specific tasks, one of which is the container terminal, which serves as a location for loading and unloading container ships and managing container flow at the port. Dwelling time is a key indication in the operation of a container terminal. Dwelling time is the period of time measured from the time a container is unloaded from a ship until it exits the port terminal through the main door or is loaded onto a ship from the main door. Dwelling time is still an issue in all Indonesian ports. Port Dwelling time is impacted by a variety of factors, including customs and port operations. Each of these features has interconnected variables that have a corresponding influence when one of the variable values is modified. To determine the size of the impact on dwell time, relationships and variable values are required. The effect of changing this variable can be known by making a dwelling time simulation model because this method is considered more efficient than direct infrastructure improvements in the field, which will require a lot of time and money The simulation model developed will serve as the foundation for developing a website that can benefit port corporations in making decisions by transform into a cloud storage-based decision support system, providing storage capacity to be more flexible and shared by parties in need at the company or port. The existence of a decision support system to help with analysis and port decision making is expected to positively impact port productivity and attain the lowest dwelling time value, which will also have an impact on national economic growth.