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Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Although its issue could be addressed from of various perspectives over the years, poverty is the object of the government policy programs to be alleviated since the Indonesian independence. With the advancement of technology and science in the recent decades, the availability and the completeness of poverty data in Indonesia getting better. In fact, the policy makers can assess the effectivity of their public oriented programs easier by effectively utilizing the complete and up to date poverty data. However, in various approaches to poverty measurement, the Indonesian poverty data should be accompanied by another approach. This paper aims to evaluate the change of welfare of particular region over a period of several years by using the stochastic dominance method. This method also incorporates the price level impact into its poverty assessment through the extrapolated CPIs. To conduct the measurement, the National Socioeconomic Survey of Tabalong regency data, as well as the Tanjung city inflation in the period from 2013 to 2017, are employed. The results indicate that the welfare in 2017 is better than in 2013 since the distribution in 2017 stochastically dominates the distribution in 2013 at the first and second order at any possible level of poverty lines. Therefore, this result could also be the additional input for the poverty alleviation evaluation in order to provide a solid conclusion about the welfare changes.

Abstrak :
The investigation of adsorption isotherms is a prime factor in the ongoing development of adsorption cycles for a spectrum of advanced, thermally-driven engineering applications, including refrigeration, natural gas storage, and desalination processes. In this work, a novel semi-empirical mathematical model has been derived that significantly enhances the prediction of the steady state uptake in adsorbent surfaces. This model, a combination of classical Langmuir and a novel modern adsorption isotherm equation, allows for a higher degree of regression of both energetically homogenous and heterogeneous adsorbent surfaces compared to several isolated classical and modern isotherm models, and has the ability to regress isotherms for all six types under the IUPAC classification. Using a unified thermodynamic framework, a single asymmetrical energy distribution function (EDF) has also been proposed that directly relates the mathematical model to the adsorption isotherm types. This fits well with the statistical rate theory approach and offers mechanistic insights into adsorption isotherms.

Abstrak :
Struktur material amorph Fe73Al5Ga2P8C5B4Si3 telah diamati dengan difraksi neutron pada temperatur ruang. Analisis struktural dilakukan dengan mencocokkan fungsi distribusi pasangan total permodelan dan eksperimen menggunakan algoritma evolusi differensial. Analisis serta permodelan dikerjakan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C++. Jarak antar atom serta bilangan koordinasi hasil fungsi distribusi pasangan parsial Fe-Fe, Fe-P, Fe-C, Fe-B kemudian dibandingkan dengan lima fase kristal yang terbentuk setelah material tersebut dianiil. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan jarak atom tetangga terdekat pada material amorph ini lebih besar daripada jarak atom tetangga terdekat pada kelima fase kristal yang terbentuk.

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The structure of amorphous material Fe73Al5Ga2P8C5B4Si3 in room temperature has been investigated by using neutron diffraction. Structural analysis is done by fitting the experimental total pair distribution function with the modeled total pair distribution function using differential evolution algorithm. Simulation and analysis is written in C++ code. Interatomic distance and coordination number from each partial pair distribution function Fe-Fe, Fe-P, Fe-C, Fe-B is then compared with five crystalline phases that formed when this amorphous material annealed. The results show that interatomic distance from above atomic pair in amorphous material is larger than interatomic distance in five crystalline phases.

Abstrak :
Cargo plays a very important role in the aviation industry as a supporting revenue. In Airline X, cargo supports the revenue by 4% - 6% of the total revenue. There are opportunities to optimize the cargo compartment in Airline X by analyzing every agent involved in the purpose to know the optimum cargo loaded into the compartment using Agent-Based Modelling. The method used in this research is Rejection Sampling in Monte Carlo and Agent-Based Modelling. In addition, the theory used in this research is distribution function, to determine what type of distribution that represents the agent behavior. The final result shows that with the predetermined number of iterations, which is 300 iterations, the optimal value was obtained base on the convergent result. On the other hand, the distribution of passenger and baggage described as the Gaussian Distribution Function, while the distribution of EBT described as the Negative Exponential Distribution Function. These distributions represent agent behavior.

Abstrak :
Perubahan Undang Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah membawa perubahan terhadap pembagian urusan Metrologi Legal Tera dan Tera Ulang, yang awalnya urusan provinsi menjadi urusan kabupaten/kota. Sejak Perubahan urusan ini  baru 202 Unit Metrologi Legal (UML) dari 514 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Beberapa daerah kabupaten/kota mengalami stagnansi pelayanan tera dan tera ulang karena berbagai hambatan dalam pembentukan Unit Metrologi Legal, kekurangan SDM Tera, sarana prasarana dan kesadaran kepala daerah dalam pembentukan Unit Metrologi Legal. Peran Metrologi Legal menjamin keadilan dalam perdagangan, khususnya di bidang penimbangan dan pengukuran, perlindungan konsumen, harmonisasi standar dan persyaratan teknis membentuk kondisi dan meningkatkan daya saing produk produk domestik di pasar internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan tiga daerah Kabupaten Karawang, Kota Depok dan Kabupaten Purwakarta ini berusaha menganalisis bagaimana urusan metrologi legal sebelum dan sesudah Undang Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014, distribusi pembagian urusan metrologi legal yang tepat di Indonesia dan desain urusan metrologi legal yang ideal di Indonesia ke depannya. Analisis dilakukan dengan informasi dan data yang diperoleh di lapangan dengan didukung berbagai informasi yang diperoleh dari buku, publikasi, laporan dan pendapat pakar ahli metrologi legal dan otonomi daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan urusan metrologi legal merupakan 'tugas pembatuan yang tidak disadari', sebelum Undang Undang No. 23 Tahun 2014 berpola tugas pembantuan yang tidak disadari sampai provinsi, sedangkan setelahnya tugas pembantuan tidak disadari sampai kabupaten/kota. Distribusi urusan metrologi legal saat ini tidak tepat, ada urusan-urusan yang tidak konsisten diserahkan/diemban oleh pusat. Selain itu urusan ini tidak tepat dilakukan di daerah karena metrologi legal berdampak nasional, berkaitan dengan standar yang harus seusai dengan standar nasional dan internasional dan perlindungan konsumen yang memang harus menjadi urusan pusat. Peran sawsta sangat dibutuhkan dalam pengukuran metrologi legal skala besar dengan standar yang ditetapkan oleh pusat. Distribusi pembagian urusan metrologi legal ideal ke depan dapat dilakukan dengan dua pilihan yaitu: Pilihan 1 membenahi tugas pembantuan yang tidak disadari, pilihan 2 diambil kembali oleh pusat dengan cara dekonsentrasi. ...... Amendment to Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Local Government brought changes to the distribution of Legal Metrology Calibration and Re-calibration, which were initially provincial affairs into regency/municipality affairs. Since the change of this matter, there are only 202 Legal Metrology Unit from 514 regencies/municipalities in Indonesia. Some regencies/municipalities experienced stagnation of calibration and recalibration services due to various obstacles in the formation of Legal Metrology Legal, lack of  calibrasi human resources, infrastructure and awareness of regional heads in the formation of Legal Metrology Unit. The role of Legal Metrology guarantees fairness in trade, particularly in the areas of weighing and measuring, consumer protection, harmonization of standards and technical requirements to shape conditions and improve the competitiveness of domestic products in the international market. This research was conducted through a qualitative approach in West Java Province with three regions of Karawang Regency, Depok Municipality and Purwakarta Regency trying to analyze how legal metrology matters before and after Law No. 23 of 2014, the proper distribution of legal metrology functions in Indonesia and the ideal design of legal metrology in Indonesia in the future. The analysis is carried out with information and data obtained in the field supported by various information obtained from books, publications, reports and opinions of experts in legal metrology and regional autonomy. The results of the study showed that the implementation of legal metrology matters was 'unconscious co-administration', before Law No. 23 of 2014 has a pattern of co-administration tasks that are not realized up to the provinces, whereas after co-administration tasks are not realized up to the regencies/municipalities. The distribution of legal metrological affairs is currently inaccurate, there are functions that are not consistently assigned/ carried by the central government. In addition, this matter is not appropriate to be carried out in the regions because legal metrology has a national impact, related to standards that must be in line with national and international standards and consumer protection which must indeed be a central matter. Private involvement is needed in the implementation mass calibration legal metrology in the future with the standars set by central government.The distribution of ideal legal metrology distribution in the future can be done with two choices, namely: Option 1. fixes unconscious co-administration, option 2 is taken back by the center government by deconcentration.

Abstrak :
Distribusi normal merupakan salah satu distribusi probabilitas data, yang banyak digunakan dalam berbagai bidang karena sifat ideal yang dimilikinya, yaitu distribusi probabilitas data-datanya terpusat di sekitar mean dan distribusi probabilitas data lainnya tersebar secara merata. Namun ada kasus-kasus tertentu di mana distribusi normal sebaiknya tidak digunakan karena akan menghasilkan analisis yang kurang sesuai, terutama ketika data memiliki kemencengan yang kuat dan mempunyai heavy-tail. Pada tugas akhir ini diperkenalkan distribusi probabilitas yang dapat memfasilitasi kemencengan data, yaitu distribusi skew-normal. Distribusi skew-normal merupakan bentuk perluasan dari distribusi normal dengan memasukkan parameter kemencengan. Tugas akhir ini memberikan penjelasan mengenai karakteristik-karakteristik dari distribusi skew-normal univariat dan perluasannya dengan memasukkan parameter location dan scale, serta distribusi skew-normal secara umum dalam bentuk multivariat. Karakteristik-karakteristik yang dimaksud adalah fungsi kepadatan probabilitas, fungsi distribusi, mean, variansi, fungsi pembangkit momen, dan sifat-sifatnya. ......The normal distribution is one of the probability distribution of data, which are widely used in various fields because of the nature of the ideal, namely the probability distribution of data centers around the distribution of average data and other probability is spread evenly. But there are certain cases where the normal distribution should not be used because it will produce less precise analysis, especially when the data has a strong skewness and heavy-tail. This final project will introduce a probability distribution which can facilitate the skewness of data, i.e skew-normal distribution. The skew-normal distribution is an extend form of normal distribution, allowing a skewness parameter. This final project will give an explanation about the chararteristics of the univariate skew-normal distribution and its extend to the location and scale family, and skew-normal distribution in general in multivariate form. The characteristics are probability density function, distribution function, mean, covariance, variance, moment generating function, and the properties of the distribution.