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"Skripsi non seminar ini meninjau industri periklanan digital, yang kini berfungsi sebagai metode utama dalam pendanaan internet, melalui lensa pro dan kontra. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mengungkap semua sisi positif dan negatif dari periklanan digital, sehingga dapat mengidentifikasi masalah terbesar dan cara memperbaikinya. Penelitian dilakukan secara studi pustaka, dimana informasi yang dirujuk diambil dari materi bacaan yang disediakan oleh dosen pembimbing. Penelitian menemukan bahwa periklanan digital sangat bermanfaat karena dapat memperoleh penghasilan atas dasar modal yang rendah, dapat menciptakan lapangan kerja melalui industri periklanan digital, dan memberikan kesempatan kepada bisnis-bisnis untuk memperluas jangkauan konsumen, namun periklanan digital juga memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan, seperti kemungkinan bocornya data pribadi pengguna internet, berkurangnya integritas jurnalisme atas dasar insentif untuk hanya mempublikasikan media yang mengandung unsur viral, dan harga membuat iklan digital yang bisa mencapai tingkat tinggi. Solusi yang di identifikasikan adalah untuk memperketat regulasi periklanan digital, dan untuk menyediakan subsidi pemerintah untuk saluran berita media.

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This non-seminar thesis assessed the digital advertisement industry, which now functions as the main method of internet funding, through a pro and cons lens. This research was intended to uncover all the positive and negative sides of digital advertisement, thus identifying its main issue and way to combat it. This research was conducted through literature review, which the information was collected through reading materials provided by the academic supervisor. The research found that digital advertising is highly beneficial, as it generates revenues from minimal capital, allows businesses to expand their market reach, and creates jobs for the specific industry of digital advertising, but it also yields significant negative impacts such as the risk of consumer data breach, threat to journalism integrity as journalists are incentivised to write stories with high virality potential to garner more clicks, and the extreme price wars that digital advertising listings experience. The identified solution is to tighten regulations on digital advertisements, and to provide government subsidies for news media outlets, so journalists aren’t highly reliant on advertising for income."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai sebuah eradigital ditandai dengankemajuan pengetahuan dan inovasi dibidangTeknologi, Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) yang telah memberikan perubahan besar bagi seluruh aspek kehidupan terutama aspek ekonomi. Di kawasan Asia Tenggarakhususnya ASEAN, perkembangan ekonomi digital ditandai dengan kemunculan e-commerce khususnya di negara Singapura, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Filipina dan Vietnam(ASEAN-6). Berdasarkan pada fenomena tersebut muncul sebuah pertanyaan, bagaimana upaya ASEAN-6 dalam menghadapi liberalisasi e-commerce pada era digital agar sejalan dengan agenda kerangka kerja sama ASEAN( AEC Blueprint 2015 & 2025, ASEAN ICT Masterplan dan ASEAN Digital Integration ). Metodologi yang digunakan oleh penulis yaitu kualitatif dengan teknik deskriptif analitik terhadap data dan fakta yang ada. Penulis menggunakan teori liberalisasi perdagangan, konsep integrasi ekonomi serta konsep ekonomi digital untuk dapat mengkaji fenomena liberalisasi e-commerce di ASEAN-6. Berbagai literatur yang telah dikaji oleh penulis menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan e-commerce dapatdipengaruhi oleh empat faktor utama yaitu: 1) infrastruktur internet yang memadai; 2) kemudahan dalam melakukan sistem pembayaran elektronik; 3) keberadaan jasa pengiriman yang menjangkau seluruh kawasan; 4) kerangka kebijakan pemerintah di setiap negara ASEAN-6. Dari hasil temuan yang ada, dari keempat faktor tersebut masih terdapat beberapa hambatan diantaranya: 1) letak geografis dari masing-masing negara ASEAN-6 yang mempengaruhi terhadap peroses pengembangan infrastruktur internet; 2) isu perlindungan data diri dan keamanan siber yang berkaitan dengan sistem pembayaran elektronik; 3) efektifitas dan efisiensi dari keberadaan jasa pengiriman terutama pengiriman antar negara; dan 4) berkaitan dengan kebijakan antara negara yang masih terdapat ketidaksesuaian antar negara. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sebagai organisasi regional di Asia Tenggara,ASEAN terus berupaya mengharmonisasikanregulasiantar negara anggota, membentuk kerangka kerja sama serta agenda lain untuk dapat menyelaraskan perkembangan TIK, khususnya pertumbuhan e-commerce. Upaya ASEAN tersebutsejalan dengan tujuan untuk menumbuhkan kondisi ekonomi domestik semua negaraanggota ASEAN, mengintegrasikan ekonomi kawasan serta dapat bersaing di tingkat internasional.Perbedaan mendasar dari penelitian ini dengan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya bahwa belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji tentang liberalisasi e-commerce di kawasan ASEAN,maka penulis mencoba mengkolaborasaikan beberapa fakta terkait dengan pertumbuhan liberalisasi e-commerce di ASEAN-6.

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This study discusses about digital era marked by the advancement of knowledge and innovation in the field of Technology, Information and Communication (ICT) which has provided major changes to all aspects of life, especially in economy. ASEAN as a regional cooperation in the Southeast Asia region, currently as an emerging market in e-commerce competition, especially for Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam (ASEAN-6). Based on this phenomenon, my research question is, how are ASEAN-6's efforts in facing of e-commerce liberalization in the digital era in line with the ASEAN framework (AEC Blueprint 2015 & 2025, ASEAN ICT Masterplan and ASEAN Digital Integration). This research use the theory of trade liberalization, the concept of economic integration and the concept of digital economics to be able to examine the phenomenon of e-commerce liberalization in ASEAN-6.The various literature reviewed by the author shows that the growth of e-commerce is influenced by four factors, namely: 1) internet infrastructure; 2) electronic payment system; 3) shipping services that has a wide coverage; 4) government policy framework in each ASEAN-6 country. In addition, there are several obstacles found including: 1) the geographical location of each ASEAN-6 country that affects the process of developing the internet infrastructure; 2) issues of personal data protection and cyber security related to electronic payment systems; 3) effectiveness and efficiency of the existence of shipping services, especially shipping between countries; and 4) policy discrepancies between countries.This study concludes that as a regional organization in Southeast Asia, ASEAN continues to strive to harmonize regulations among member countries, form a framework of cooperation and other agendas to be able to harmonize the development of ICT, especially the growth of e-commerce. The fundamental difference from this study with previous studies is that there have been no studies that examine e-commerce liberalization in the ASEAN region, so the author tries to collaborate on several facts related to the growth of e-commerce liberalization in ASEAN-6."

"Fokus dari studi mandiri ini adalah untuk membahas tantangan ekonomi digital dan kebijakan perpajakan global untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut. Saat ini, kemajuan teknologi telah meningkatkan produktivitas, memperluas cakupan pasar, dan mengurangi biaya operasional di segala sektor ekonomi. Salah satu bentuk kemajuan teknologi tersebut dibuktikan dengan terbentuknya ekonomi digital. Ekonomi digital memiliki fitur seperti tingkat mobilitas yang tinggi, di mana fungsi bisnis dapat tersebar di berbagai negara karena memiliki ketergantungan tinggi terhadap aset tidak berwujud. Selain itu, aktivitas perusahaan dalam ekonomi digital seperti menyediakan barang dan jasa digital dengan menggunakan internet menimbulkan tantangan berat untuk infrastruktur kebijakan perpajakan internasional, yang dibentuk jauh sebelum adanya perkembangan dunia digital ini. Oleh karena itu, OECD menerbitkan Aksi 1 yang berjudul “Addressing the Tax Challenges of the Digital Economy” dalam Rencana Aksi Proyek BEPS untuk mengatasi tantangan perpajakan tersebut. Walaupun belum menemukan solusi yang sesuai, OECD terus berupaya untuk menemukan solusi final dan konsensus pada tahun 2020.

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The focus of this independent study are to discuss the tax challenges of the digital economy and the global tax policies to address those challenges. Today, technological advancements have increased productivity, enlarged markets and reduced operational costs across all sectors of the economy. One of the evidence of the technological advancements is the creation of digital economy. The digital economy has features such as high level of mobility, where business functions are able to spread in various countries because they rely heavily on intangible assets. The activities of companies in the digital economy, such as providing digital goods and services by using the internet create severe problems for the infrastructure of international taxation policies, which was constructed long before the development of this digitalization. Therefore, to address these challenges, the OECD issued Action 1 in the BEPS Project Action Plan called “Addressing the Tax Challenges of the Digital Economy.” Although the OECD has not yet found a suitable solution, it will work towards a final and consensus solution in 2020.

Keywords: International tax, Digital Economy, BEPS Project Action Plan"

"ABSTRACTDigitalization offers the new direction in creating opportunities for business to support national economic growth. Indonesia, as the rising star in Southeast Asia emerging market, shows a promising employment prospect along with the increasing growth of digital savvy Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs). There is a growing need for SMEs to understand Talent Management (TM) better and optimize the digital economy potential in Indonesia. Nonetheless, TM in SMEs is still under research in Indonesia since most of the Human Resource Management studies were conducted in well-established large enterprises. Accordingly, this study aims to explore TM, especially in digital-savvy SMEs that using internet platforms in their business. By using cluster analysis, this study presents the pattern of TM issues: attract, select, develop and retain key talented employees. This exploratory study involved CEOs and managers of digital-savvy SMEs in Jakarta, Bandung and Yogyakarta. This study also aims to map the awareness of SMEs in harnessing the demographic growth of the young population in Indonesia. In addition, early identification of TM challenges - related to digital-savvy concern will contribute not only to the SMEs in scaling up their business, but also newly stage entrepreneurs who are commencing their start-ups and attracting new talents. As part of the discussion, this study proposed a perspective that the digital economy will produce the New Working Life employment in the nearly future which entails the more flexible time, place, work tasks and social interaction which might answer the geographical challenges of the archipelago in Indonesia."