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"Accessibility and Other Factors Related with Utilization of Treatment Curative Services at Baros Community Health Center For its Community , Sukabumi Municipality In April 2004Utilization of curative services at Baros Community Health Centre for its community is low, especially from Jaya Mekar Village and Sudajaya Hilir Village.

This study aimed to describe the utilization of curative at Baros Community Health Centre and factors related to at Sukabumi municipality in April 2004.

Design of the study was across sectional one. This study aimed to see the correlation among accessibility, quality reason, education, need of health services , financial source and family income with utilization of curative services at Community Health Centre.

The respondents were families in Baros Sub District who have experienced curative services at Baros Community Health Centre and other surrounding Community Health Centre. Total samples were 100 respondents, selected by systematic random sampling selection technique.

The results of study showed that accessibility , education and family income were associated with utilization of curative services at Community Health Centre while quality reason, need of health services and financial source had no association with it.

Multivariate analysis was used in this study to explain the most associated factor with the utilization of curative services . By this analysis , accessibility was found significantly associated with it. Odd Ratio 20,68 ,P= 0,000 ( 95%CT ; 6,845 - 62,479 ).

The proportion of curative services utilization at Baros Community Health Centre by its community showed 50 % . This study recommends a need to think about optimalization of health services visit at remote areas at Sudajaya Hilir Health Clinic,lth Centre, periodic health services visit at remote areas and community poverty alleviation project. There is also a need to think about raising and developing of curative services at Baros Community Health Centre, increasing community coverage, conducting community transportation need survey, and promoting education.

Bibliography : 40 ( 1972 - 2004)."

"Latar BelakangPrevalensi kanker payudara di Indonesia terus meningkat. Pada kanker payudara, terjadi penurunan ekspresi protein p21 yang dikaitkan dengan kegagalan arrest siklus sel, migrasi sel kanker, dan prognosis yang lebih buruk. Kedelai memiliki kandungan lunasin yang diduga mampu meningkatkan ekspresi protein p21. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti ingin meneliti pengaruh ekstrak kedelai kaya lunasin (EKKL) terhadap ekspresi protein p21 pada tikus model kanker payudara yang diinduksi DMBA.MetodeStudi eksperimental murni melibatkan 30 tikus Sprague-Dawley betina mammae yang diinduksi DMBA intragastrik dosis 20 mg/kgBB sebanyak 11 kali dan 2 kali/minggu, kecuali pada kelompok normal. Setelah terbentuk volume tumor 1-2 cm3, tikus diberikan tamoksifen 10 mg/kgBB (kontrol positif), ekstrak kedelai kaya lunasin 500 mg/kgBB (lunasin), dan kombinasi keduanya (kombinasi), selama 8 minggu. Pada kelompok kontrol negatif, tikus dengan kanker payudara tidak diberikan obat apapun. Selanjutnya, tikus di terminasi, jaringan payudara diambil, dan dilakukan pewarnaan imunohistokimia untuk dihitung ekspresi protein p21.HasilTerdapat peningkatan signifikan (p<0.05) ekpresi protein p21 pada sel kanker payudara kelompok lunasin dan kombinasi dibandingkan kontrol negatif. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p>0.05) antara ekspresi protein p21 kelompok normal dibandingkan dengan kombinasi.KesimpulanEkstrak kedelai kaya lunasin dosis 500 mg/kgBB yang diberikan selama 8 minggu memiliki efek signifikan dalam meningkatkan ekspresi protein p21 sel kanker payudara pada tikus Sprague-Dawley betina.

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Introduction

The prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia continues to increase. In breast cancer, there is a decrease expression of protein p21 that associates with the failure of cell cycle arrest, cancer cell migration, and worsen prognosis. Soybean contains lunasin that is thought to have the ability to increase protein p21 expression. Therefore, researcher wants to analyze the effect of soybean extract rich in lunasin on the expression of protein p21 in rats with breast cancer induced by DMBA.

Method

Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats with breast canced induced by DMBA intragastric 20 mg/kgBW, 11 times for 2 times a week, except for normal groups are involved in this pure experimental study. Once the tumor volume reaches 1-2 cm3, the rats are given tamoxifen 10 mg/kgBW (positive control), soybean extract rich in lunasin 500 mg/kgBW (lunasin), and combination of both (combination), for 8 weeks. In negative control group, rats with breast cancer are not given any medication. Afterwards, the rats are terminated, tumor tissues are taken, and protein p21 expression are examined using immunohistochemistry staining.

Results

There is a significant increase (p<0.05) on the protein p21 expression in breast cancer cell of lunasin and combination group compares with negative control group. There is no significant difference (p>0.05) on the protein p21 expression on normal group compares with combination group.

Conclusion

Soybean extract rich in lunasin 500 mg/kgBW that is given for 8 weeks has significant effect on increasing the expression of protein p21 in breast cancer cell of female Sprague- Dawley rats."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh program bantuan sosial lansia pemda terhadap belanja kesehatan out-of-pocket (OOP) kelompok lansia miskin di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data Susenas bulan Maret tahun 2020 dengan menggunakan analisis counterfactual. Karena syarat untuk dapat melakukan analisis counterfactual adalah subjek dari penelitian harus memiliki karakteristik yang sama/seimbang, maka data yang digunakan dibatasi pada lansia kelompok ekonomi 40 persen terbawah. Selain itu, dilakukan teknik randomisasi metode Propensity Score Matching-Nearest-Neighbors (PSM-NN) yaitu mengkonstruksi data yang memiliki karakteristik serupa menjadi dua grup yaitu grup yang mendapatkan perlakuan (treatment) dan grup yang tidak mendapatkan perlakuan (grup kontrol). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelompok lansia miskin yang mendapatkan bantuan sosial lansia pemda memiliki belanja kesehatan OOP lebih tinggi sebesar 28,3 persen dibanding kelompok lansia miskin yang tidak mendapatkan bantuan. Tingginya belanja OOP ini terutama disebabkan oleh peningkatan belanja untuk pengobatan/kuratif.

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This research aims to examine the effect of the local government's elderly social assistance program on out-of-pocket (OOP) health spending for the poor elderly group in Indonesia. The data used is Susenas data March 2020 using counterfactual analysis. What is meant by counterfactual in the context of this research is to compare the actual condition of OOP health spending for the elderly when receiving interventions from local government elderly social assistance and without receiving intervention. Because the requirement to be able to carry out a counterfactual analysis is that the subjects of the study must have the same/balanced characteristics, the data used is limited to the elderly in the bottom 40 percent of the economic group. Moreover, the randomization technique is also carried out using the Propensity Score Matching-Nearest-Neighbors (PSM-NN) method, namely constructing data that has similar characteristics into two groups: the group that received treatment and the group that did not receive treatment. The results of this study indicate that the poor elderly group who receive elderly social assistance from the local government has a higher OOP health spending of 26.6 percent compared to the poor elderly group who do not receive assistance. The high spending on OOP was mainly due to an increase in spending on curative."