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Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Skripsi ini membahas tentang jaringan kriminal (criminal network) perdagangan manusia dengan memanfaatkan perekrutan TKI secara ilegal. Jaringan kriminal yang dibahas disini adalah hubungan aktor-aktor dan perannya dalam perekrutan dan pengiriman calon TKI ke Timur Tengah secara ilegal. Kasus yang dibahas dalam kasus ini merupakan kasus yang sudah diputus pengadilan dan kedua pelaku sudah dipidana dan menjalani hukumannya. Kedua pelaku bekerja sama dengan agensi di Timur Tengah merekrut korban sebagai calon TKI untuk bekerja di Timur Tengah tetapi dengan prosedur yang ilegal. Dalam menjelaskan criminal network ini menggunakan social network analysis dan kejahatan terorganisir. Skripsi ini diharapkan dapat menggambarkan proses dan mata rantai dalam perekrutan dan pengiriman TKI dari Indonesia ke negara tujuan (Timur Tengah). Dalam proses pengumpulan data, peneliti mewawancara kedua pelaku yang sedang menjalani hukumannya dan didukung dengan data sekunder dari pengadilan. terorganisir dengan memanfaatkan hubungan sosial dengan agensi di Timur Tengah. Melalui hubungan sosial yang berkembang menjadi jaringan kriminal ini para pelaku atau aktor yang terlibat dalam perdagangan manusia membangun criminal enterprise yang beroperasi pada skala transnasional

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ABSTRACT
This thesis discuss about criminal network at human trafficking on Indonesias migrant worker. The criminal network discussed here is the relationship between actors and their role in recruitment and sending of Indonesia migrant worker to Middle East illegally. The case discussed in this thesis and research is a case that has been decided by the court and the two perpetrators have been convicted and served their sentences. The two actors worked with agency in Middle East to recruit victims as migrant worker to work in the Middle East but with illegal procedures. This thesis using organized crime and social network analysis to explain criminal network on human trafficking. This thesis is expected to be able to describe the processes and chain in the recruitment and delivery of migrant worker from Indonesia to destination countries (Middle East). In the process of collecting data, I interviewed the two actors who involved in this migrant worker trafficking case and were supported by secondary data from the court. From interviewed and document from court, They are connected and work together based on their social relation/network. Social network between them change into criminal network and become criminal enterprise that worked in transnational scale.

Abstrak :
Konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Pengadilan Pidana Internasional untuk bekas wilayah Yugoslavia di dalam kasus Tadic pada tahun 1999. Setelah kasus Tadic, konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise diterapkan di berbagai pengadilan pidana internasional dan pengadilan hybrid supranasional untuk kasus kejahatan internasional. Di Indonesia, Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana memuat konsep penyertaan, sebuah konsep yang menyerupai Joint Criminal Enterprise. Tulisan ini membahas pengertian dan perkembangan konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise, penerapan Joint Criminal Enterprise di dalam pengadilan pidana internasional dan pengadilan hybrid supranasional, serta analisis kesamaan konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise dengan konsep penyertaan menurut hukum Indonesia dan apakah konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise dapat diterapkan di dalam Pengadilan HAM di Indonesia. ......The concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise was first introduced by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the 1999 Tadic case. The concept was then applied in various international criminal tribunals and hybrid criminal courts for cases of international crimes. In Indonesia, the criminal code prescribes the concept of joint perpetration, a concept that is similar to the concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise. This thesis discuses the definition and development of the concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise, the application of Joint Criminal Enterprise in various international criminal tribunals and hybrid criminal courts, as well as the concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise and its association with the concept of joint perpetration under Indonesian law. Finally, this thesis discusses whether Joint Criminal Enterprise can be applied in the Human Rights Court in Indonesia.