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"Bronze (Cu - Sn) are the most commonly used materials for self lubricating bearings produced by powder metallurgy process. The characteristics and the performance of these bearings are highly dependent on the chemical composition and the microstructure, especially the fraction of open porosity. While the microstructure fully dependent on the control of the compaction and sintering process. In this study, the effects of three parameters were investigated : (1) the Sn content (5 % , 10 % and 15 %); (2) the compaction pressure (200 MPa, 300 MPa and 400 MPa); and (3) the sintering temperature (800°C, 850°C and 900°C) on the characteristics of Cu-Sn P/M alloys. The increase in compaction pressure will increase the green density and the green strength, while the increase in Sn content will decrease the green strength. In general, the increase in sintering temperature will decrease the sintered density followed by the swelling of the sintered. The increase in sintering temperature also decrease the macrohardness and the compressive strength. The amount of porosity and the second phase , 8 phase - Cu31Sna, formed during sintering is increased with the increase in Sn content and then followed by the increase in grain size."

"Onomatope dalam bahasa Jawa merupakan maslah menarik yang masih jarang diteliti. Dari catatan dan pengamatan yang penulis lakukan pembahasan onomatope bahasa Jawa dilakukan sebagai bagian dari suatu pembahasan yang lebih besar. Melihat hal ini, penulis mencoba menuangkan dan mengambil onomatope sebagai data. Dengan bantuan dari referensi yang dapat penulis kumpulkan, maka disusun suatu tinjauan yang merupakan penggabungan dari pembahasan yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti-peneliti sebelumnya. Dengan demikian dapat mencakup segala bentuk onomatope yang terdapat dalam bahasa Jawa. Pembahasan onomatope bahasa Jawa yang dilakukan di dalam skripsi ini meliputi pengklasifikasian dan analisis fonematis. Pengklasifikasian dilakukan berdasarkan; tiruan bunyi yang dihasilkan oleh benda, hewan, dan manusia; tiruan gerak; penyerta kata tiruan bunyi; penyerta verba; dan tiruan sifat. Kemudian dari pengklasifikasian tersebut dibedakan lagi dengan kata yang bersuku satu. Pembahasan kedua adalah analisis fonematis onomatope bahasa Jawa. Pola fonematis onomatope bahasa Jawa mempunyai keunikan dibandingkan pola fonematis bahasa Jawa pada umumnya karena pola-pola fonematis onomatope bahasa Jawa adalah pola yang jarang terdapat dalam bahasa Jawa. Dari dua puluh empat pola fonematis onomatope bahasa Jawa terdapat sembilan pola dari sepuluh pola ideal bahasa Jawa, selebihnya adalah pola yang jarang terdapat dalam bahasa Jawa. Onomatope dalam bahasa Jawa dapat berdiri sebagai kata apabila mengalami proses gramatikalisasi dengan formanya. Selain itu terdapat proses pembentukan kata melalui proses morfologis; afiksasi; reduplikasi; dan komposisi.

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Onomatopoeia in Javanese is an interesting problem that is still rarely studied. From the notes and observations that the author made, the discussion of Javanese onomatopoeia was carried out as part of a larger discussion. Seeing this, the author tried to pour out and take onomatopoeia as data. With the help of references that the author could collect, a review was compiled which was a combination of discussions that had been carried out by previous researchers. Thus, it can cover all forms of onomatopoeia found in Javanese. The discussion of Javanese onomatopoeia carried out in this thesis includes classification and phonematic analysis. The classification is carried out based on; imitation of sounds produced by objects, animals, and humans; imitation of movement; accompanying words imitation of sounds; accompanying verbs; and imitation of properties. Then from the classification it is distinguished again with monosyllabic words. The second discussion is the phonematic analysis of Javanese onomatopoeia. The phonematic pattern of Javanese onomatopoeia is unique compared to the phonematic pattern of Javanese in general because the phonematic patterns of Javanese onomatopoeia are patterns that are rarely found in Javanese. Of the twenty-four phonematic patterns of Javanese onomatopoeia, there are nine patterns out of ten ideal patterns of Javanese, the rest are patterns that are rarely found in Javanese. Onomatopoeia in Javanese can stand as a word if it undergoes a grammaticalization process with its form."

"This book exhibits deep philosophical quandaries and intricacies of the historical development of science, namely the composition of water as H2O. Three main phases of development are critically re-examined, covering the historical period from the 1760s to the 1860s, the chemical revolution (through which water first became recognized as a compound, not an element), early electrochemistry (by which water?s compound nature was confirmed), and early atomic chemistry (in which water started out as HO and became H2O). This book offers a rare combination of philosophy, history and science in a bid to improve scientific knowledge through history and philosophy of science."