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Abstrak :
We describe that often colonic tuberculosis remains unsuspected prior to surgery. We therefore draw attention to pitfalls in the diagnosis and review the literature on the diagnostic modalities available to diag-nose the disease. Today, the prompt diagnosis of an unknown gastroenteritis process invoives colonoscopy. Using a fiberscope, a procedure with instantaneous return can be carried out. Patients with clinical presen-tation suggestive of coionic tuberculosis should have had either an aggressive diagnostic work out using high-yield tests or anti tubercuiosis therapy.

Abstrak :
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the top three leading causes of death in both men and women. However, screening can help detect and prevent CRC. Multiple guidelines recommend CRC screening using stool-based screening and direct visualization via colonoscopy. Anatomically, women have a longer total colonic length, especially in the transverse colon, which makes it redundant; thus it is more difficult to perform complete endoscopy in women. Women also have a higher risk of developing right-sided colon cancer of the flat and depressed type, which is harder to detect than the other types. Moreover, women are less likely to undergo colonoscopy due to embarrassment, especially when the procedure is performed by male gastroenterologists, and the lack of available female gastroenterologists further complicates the problem. The current COVID-19 pandemic also decreases patients’ willingness to undergo screening due to the fear of contracting the COVID-19. Delay in diagnosis leads to more advanced tumors upon detection and ultimately decreases the survival rate, especially in women, as they have lower 1-year survival rate when CRC is detected in its later stages than in men. Innovative options for CRC screening have recently emerged, including colon capsule endoscopy, which can be performed in a clinic and may reduce the need for colonoscopy. However, sex-specific CRC screening guidelines and tools are not available. The objective of this review is to identify the barriers and challenges faced when performing screening colonoscopy in women, especially during the pandemic and to encourage the development of sex-specific CRC screening.

Abstrak :
Colon polyps can be a predisposing factor for colon cancer; they should be immediately removed once they are found. Most of colon cancer arises from adenoma. Most adenoma cases are asymptomatic. It is frequently detected at the first time when someone undergoes screening for colorectal cancer with the imaging modalities in the medical check-up. Approximately, 10-40% of patients without any symptoms with the positive result of occult blood test suffer from adenoma. By using colonoscopy, we can detect for adenoma cancer and adenoma polyps, so colonoscopic procedure is recommended for individuals with the high risk for colorectal cancer. Excision and polyp removal during colonoscopy is a treatment choice to lower the risk for developing colon cancer. Surgical intervention is usually required in the management of adenoma polyps for those with an extremely large size which cannot be resected through endoscopy. There are some suggestions for preventing of adenoma growing such as vegetable and fruit diet, limit intake of meat and fatty food. And finally do physical activities regularly and stay away from alcohol and cigarettes

Abstrak :
Amyloidosis is a rare disease, when diagnosed it's incurable and mostly affect over 40 years old male. Diagnostic is confirmed if histopathologic stained positive with Congo red and evidence of monoclonal protein. Survivals for untreated patients are 13 months in primary amyloidosis but if secondary to other chronic disease and systemic, survival could be 3-4 years. It can not be prevented but when affected, control of the underlying illness can prevent progression of amyloidosis. We report a rare case of a 67 year old male, who came with chronic diarrhea. The stool analysis, there were no negative gram microorganisme found, only food maldigestion and fungus infection. Stool analyze from parasitology department were found microspore, but the stool culture were sterile. The patient underwent colonoscopy which revealed hyperemis mucosa in rectum, sigmoid, descending & transverse colon. From the biopsy was concluded intestinal amyloidosis. We treated the patient symptomatically and couldn't find the underlying inflammatory disease which causes the problem.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Latar belakang: Selama ini pemeriksaan ileum kurang mendapatkan perhatian, padahal seringkali kelainan-kelainan gastrointestinal bawah berasal dari ileum dengan kolonoskopi normal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini membahas tentang kesesuaian antara hasil pemeriksaan ileoskopi ileum terminal dengan hasil histopatologinya.

Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah studi potong lintang dan uji diagnostik antara kedua pemeriksaan tersebut, dengan pemeriksaan histopatologi sebagai standar baku emas.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian memberikan kesesuaian antara kedua pemeriksaan tersebut sebesar 93,33 %. nilai sensitivitas pemeriksaan ileoskopi dibandingkan dengan histopatologi sebagai standar baku emas sebesar 94 %, spesifisitas 90 %, nilai prediksi positif 97,9 %, dan nilai prediksi negatif sebesar 75 %.

Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemeriksaan ileoskopi pada pasien dengan diare kronik dan kolonoskopi normal memberikan hasil yang serupa dengan pemeriksaan histopatologinya.

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ABSTRACT
Background: Ileoscopy are still considered less important, whereas many lower gastrointestinal cases originated from this region. Therefore this study discusses the correlation between the results of the terminal ileum ileoscopy with histopathologic results.

Method: The method used was a cross-sectional study and diagnostic test between the two examinations, with histopathologic examination as the gold standard.

Result: The results give the correlation between the two examination is 93.33%. Moreover ileoscopy compared with histopathologic examination as the gold standard also give a sensitivityof 94%, specificity 90%, positive predictive value 97.9%, and negative predictive value of 75%.

Conclusion: Therefore it can be concluded that ileoscopy examination in patients with chronic diarrhea and normal colonoscopy gave similar results with histopathologic examination.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini adalah suatu studi untuk menentukan apakah M2 Piruvat Kinase dapat dipakai dalam menapis radang usus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah uji diagnostik. Pada penelitian ini direkrut sampel sebanyak 76 orang dan dilakukan pemeriksaan kolonoskopi sebagai baku emas dan pemeriksan M2-PK feses sebagai pemeriksaan yang diuji. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan peran penting M2 Piruvat Kinase untuk menapis radang usus dengan nilai titik potong 1,05 U/ml dibandingkan dengan kolonoskopi sebagai baku emas dengan sensitivitas 86,2 %, spesifisitas 81,8%, nilai duga positif 96,6% dan nilai duga negatif 50%. Pemeriksaan M2 Piruvat Kinase disarankan dari hasil studi ini untuk menapis radang usus pada pasien dengan masalah saluran cerna bagian bawah.

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ABSTRACT
This is a study to evaluate possibility of M2-PK can be applied as a tool to screen of organic bowel inflammatory. Diagnostic test was used as a methode. In this study 76 patient was recruited, colonoscopy was done as a gold standard and M2- PK faeces test was performed as a diagnostic test. As the result of this study, there is an important role of M2-PK test to screen organic bowel inflammatory with cut off point >= 1.05 U/mL compared to colonoscopy as a gold standard with sensitivity 86.2%, specificity 81,8%, positive predictive value 96,6% and negative predictive value 50%. By this test result, it is strongly recommended to performed M2-PK faeces test to screen organic bowel inflammatory.