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Abstrak :
Salah satu masalah kesehatan yang masih menjadi beban di negara-negara berkembang, seperti di Indonesia adalah masalah gizi buruk dan gizi kurang pada anak balita. Hal ini berkaitan dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang rendah dengan timbulnya berbagai masalah kesehatan. Bila hal itu dibiarkan di masa yang akan datang, akan semakin banyak anak yang tidak dapat menyelesaikan program wajib belajar sebab IQ nya rendah. Anak balita gizi buruk memiliki IQ 13 poin lebih rendah dibandingkan anak normal. Hasil penimbangan balita di kota Bogor pada tahun 2004, menunjukkan bahwa balita gizi buruk sebesar 0,4% dan gizi kurang 8,9%. Pengalaman di Laboratorium Pusat Penelitian Pengembangan Gizi dan Makanan (Lab P3GM) menunjukkan bahwa untuk perbaikan status gizi balita gizi buruk dengan tanda klinis (DTK) lebih lama dibanding tanpa tanda Minis (TTK). Status gizi buruk DTK adalah apabila gizi buruk tipe marasmus, kwashiorkor, dan marasmik kwashiorkor. Sedangkan status gizi buruk TTK adalah bila secara antropometri BBILI - 3 SD atau BB/TB - 2 SD, maka dikategorikan gizi buruk. Selama ini belum diketahui faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi buruk balita DTK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian makanan dan ASI serta faktor lain terhadap status gizi buruk balita DTK yang datang le Lab P3GM tersebut. Juga diketahuinya faktor dominan yang berpengaruh pada status gizi buruk anak balita DTK. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder, dengan disain penelitian Cross Sectional. Data yang digunakan berasal dari data anak balita gizi buruk yang mengikuti rawat jalan di Lab P3GM. Seluruh balita yang berkunjung pada tahun 2004-2005 yang datanya lengkap untuk analisis ink dan sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini, yaitu sebanyak 74 anak. Analisis data yang dilakukan meliptiti analisis kai kuadrat dan analisis multivariat dengan nienggimakan analisis Regresi Logistik Ganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa persentase jumlah gizi buruk balita DTK lebih besar (67,6%) dibanding balita GB= TTK (32,4%). Di antara anal( balita gizi buruk DTK, ternyata lebih banyak anak gizi buruk dengan tipe marasmus (56,S%), disusul marasrnik kwashiorkor. (8,1%) don kwashiorkor (2,7%). Pembezian ASI berhubungan bermakna dengan status gizi buruk anak balita DTK. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ASI merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian status gizi buruk anak balita ILK setelah dikontrol oleh faktor umur balita dan status anemia. Anak balita yang tEdak mendapat ASI mempunyai peluang untuk menderita gizi buruk DTK 7,616 kali (OR= 7,616; 95% CI: 1,578-36,750) dibandingkan balita yang masih mendapat ASI setelah dikontrol variabel umur balita. Promosi pemberian ASI secara benar pada ibu-ibu dari balita gizi buruk perlu diprioritaskan Promosi. ASI tersebut di antaranya, menyusui eksklusif selama 6 bulan dan meneruskan pemberian ASI hingga usia 2 tahun.

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One of the health problem which is still being a burden in developing countries, including Indonesia, is malnutrition in underfive children. It related to the low quality of human resources with the occurrence of many health problems and if it is occurred, in the future will be many children not being able to graduate from their compulsory education program caused of their low IQ. Severe malnutrition children are 13 pains lower than normal children in IQ level. Children weighing result in Bogor 2004, showed that underfive children with severe malnutrition were 0,4% and moderate malnutrition were 8,9%. The experience in Food and Nutrition Development Research Center Laboratory (Lab P3GM) result is to improve the nutrition status of severe malnutrition in under five children with clinical sign (WCS) is longer than without clinical sign (WoCS). The WCS severe malnutrition are severe malnutritions with marasmus, kwashiorkor and marasmic kwashiorkor types. Whereas the severe malnutrition WoCS is if in antropomically WIA - 3 SD or WIH - 2 SD, therefore categorized as severe malnutrition. Until now, the factors that influence the WCS children with severe malnutrition are still undetectable. Research that aims to find the relationship between food and breast feeding gift along with other factors of WCS chidren with severe malnutrion status that came to the Lab P3GM. Also known the dominant factor which influenced the WCS children with severe malnutrition. This research uses secondary data of cross sectional research design. The children's data which suffered severe malnutrition and took the away treatment at Lab P3GIvL The amount of all underfive years chidren visited in 2004-2005 and had the complete data for this analysis and also suitable with the inclusive and exclusive criteria that made as examples in this research were 74 children. The data analysis that done, the chi square analysis and multivariate analysis. Analysis result describes the some of WCS children with severe malnutrition are bigger (67,6%) than severe malnutrition WoCS (32,4%). Between severe malnutrition WCS children, apparently, there were more severe malnutrition children in marasmus type (56,8%), followed by marasmik kwashiorkor (8,3%) and kwashiorkor (2,7%). Breast feeding gift is related to the WCS children status of severe malnutrition. The result of multivariate analysis described that breast feeding gift to children was the most dominant factor related to the WCS children status case of severe malnutrition after having been controlled by the children age and anaemic status factors. Underfive children that do not get breast feeding gift, having risk of suffering WCS severe malnutrition 7,616 times (OR = 7,616; 95% Cl : 1,578 -- 36,750) compared with children that still having the breast feeding after controlled according to children's age variables. Promotion of breast feeding gift correctly, to all mothers of underfive children with severe malnutrition, needs to be given priority. The promotion is an exclusive breast feeding for 6 months and until 2 years old.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan dengan frekuensi diare pada anak 10-23 bulan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional yang dilakukan terhadap 95 responden yang dilakukan secara purposive sampling di Puskesmas Tugu, Depok pada 20 Maret - 27 April 2012. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner, observasi rumah, dan pengukuran status gizi (berat badan dan panjang badan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 35,8% sampel menderita diare lebih dari sekali dalam 4 bulan terakhir (lebih dari median frekuensi dunia). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor anak (berat bayi lahir (OR=4,0), status gizi BB/U rata-rata 4 bulan terakhir (OR=5,8), status gizi BB/U saat ini (OR=8,3), status gizi PB/U rata-rata 4 bulan terakhir (OR=16,8), status gizi PB/U saat ini (OR=14,8), dan ASI eksklusif (OR=5,2)), faktor ibu (perilaku ibu (OR=4,3)), faktor keluarga (status ekonomi keluarga (OR=4,3) dan jumlah balita dalam keluarga (OR=8,3)), dan faktor lingkungan (sumber air bersih (OR=6,4), kondisi jamban/WC (OR=4,6), sarana pembuangan air limbah (OR=6,2), pengolahan sampah rumah tangga (OR=5,5), dan kepadatan huni (OR=3,7)) dengan frekuensi diare. Penulis menyarankan kepada Puskesmas Tugu untuk melakukan promosi kesehatan dan edukasi melalui penyuluhan dan konseling untuk menurunkan angka kejadian diare pada anak 10-23 bulan.

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The objective of this study was to identify factors which associated with with diarrhea frequency among children 10-23 months. The method used in this study is cross sectional design which was conducted with 95 respondents which took with pusposive sampling at Tugu Community Health Center, Depok in March 20th until April 27th 2012. Data were collected through interview referring to the questionnaire, house observation, and measurement of nutritional status (weight and length). The result of this study showed that 35,8% people were experience diarrhea more than once in the last 4 months (more than the frequency of world median). There were significant association between children factors (baby birth weight (OR=4,0), nutritional status W/A average in last 4 months (OR=5,8), current nutritional status of W/A (OR=8,3), nutritional status H/A average in last 4 months (OR=16,8), current nutritional status of H/A (OR=14,8), and exclusive breastfeeding (OR=5,2)), maternal factors (maternal behavior (OR=4,3)), family factors (economics status of the family (OR=4,3) and number of under five in the family (OR=8,3)), and environmental status (source of clean water (OR=6,4), condition of latrines (OR=4,6), waste disposal facilities (OR=6,2), household waste treatment (OR=5,5), and the density of habitation (OR=3,7)) with diarrhea frequency. The author suggest to Tugu Community Health Center to conduct health promotion and education through education and counseling program for decreasing the incidence of diarrhea in children 10-23 months.

Abstrak :
Penanganan kasus KEP pada Balita tidak bisa hanya dilakukan dengan langkah-langkah pencegahan, tetapi harus sekaligus dilakukan intervensi gizi, antara lain dengan pemberian tambahan konsumsi makanan. Untuk menyusun perencanaan program atau intervensi gizi diperlukan identifikasi masalah gizi dan kebutuhan yang diperlukan dengan melakukan analisis situasi kesehatan. Hasil analisis situasi kesehatan yang akurat membutuhkan datalinformasi yang cukup baik kuantitas maupun kualitas. Sistem Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Puskesmas program gizi (SP3-LB3.1) yang berjalan selama ini belum menghasilkan data/informasi program gizi yang lengkap, cepat dan akurat. Oleh karenanya pemanfaatan hasil luaran SP3-LB3.1 oleh pengelolah program gizi di tingkat Dinkes Kabupaten belum optimal, sehingga tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan informasi tingkat manajemen pelaksana dalam penyusunan programlintervensi terhadap permasalahan KEP pada Balita. Disamping itu, SP3-LB3.1 bukan merupakan satu-satunya pelaporan yang harus dibuat oleh Puskesmas, tetapi masih terdapat laporan lain (F III Gizi) yang diminta langsung oleh pengelola program gizi Dinkes Kabupaten. Hal ini selain menjadi beban bagi Puskesmas juga mengakibatkan adanya duplikasi data gizi antara pemegang program gizi dengan data pada pengelola SP3-LB3.1. Sistem Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Program Gizi (SP3G) merupakan pengembangan dari SP3-LB3.1, yang diharapkan menghasilkan datalinformasi mengenai cakupan keberhasilan program gizi di Puskesmas secara cepat, lengkap, dan akurat. mengenai cakupan keberhasilan program gizi di Puskesmas secara cepat, lengkap, dan akurat. Pengembangan sistem ini didukung dengan adanya perubahan fungsi Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten dalam era otonomi daerah, dari technical control menjadi technical support. Dimana Dinas Kesehatan kabupaten mempunyai kewenangan dalam pengembangan Sistem Kesehatan sesuai dengan kebutuhannya sendiri. Pengembangan SP3G dilaksanakan dengan menetapkan kebutuhan data/informasi, dan indikator, mendesain sistem pengolahan dan penyajian data, mendesain format input dan output laporan, serta perancangan program aplikasinya. Pengumpulan data/informasi dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap komponen sistem. Pengoptimalan fungsi Sub Bagian Perencanaan sebagai pengelola data program kesehatan khususnya masalah gizi, serta pelaksanaan mekanisme umpan balik akan lebih mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan SP3G dalam menghasilkan informasi program gizi yang berkualitas, sehingga dapat mendukung manajemen program gizi di tingkat Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten, baik dalam perencanaan, monitoring, dan evaluasi program.

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Management Information System Development of Protein Energy Malnutrition For Children 0-5 Years at The Health Departement of Banjarnegara District To solve the case of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) for children 0-5 years is not only through prevention, but also through nutrition intervention program, for example by giving additional food. To compose nutrition intervention program or planning, officer should identify nutrition problem along with its needs through analyzing health condition. Its accurate result needs qualified data 1 information in terms of quality and quantity. SP3-LB3.1 (Nutrition recording and reporting program used at public health center/PHC) which is used currently does not produce data 1 information which is complete, instant and accurate. Consequently, performing SP3-LB.1 results used by nutrition analyst at District Health Officer is still not so optimal that it does not fulfill information which is needed by management executive level in order to compose nutrition intervention program/planning to solve PEM for children 0-5 years. In addition, SP3-LB3.1 is not the only reporting program which is composed by PT-IC. The other report is F III - nutrition which is asked directly by the nutrition program executive of District Health Office. These all become burden for PHC. In addition, it causes nutrition data to be duplicated among nutrition program executives and SP3-LB3.I executives. SP3G (the system of nutrition recording and reporting program is developed from SP3-LB3.1) which is designed in order to produce data / information about the coverage of PHC nutrition program achievement rapidly, completely and accurately. The system development is supported by functional changes of district health office from technical control into technical support in distract authonomy era. With this changes, District Health Office has an authority to develop health system based on its own needs. Developing SP3G is conducted deciding data/information needs along with their indicators, designing data performing and processing system, designing input and output reporting format and designing its application program. Data/information collection is conducted through interviewing and observing system components. Optimizing the function of Sub Sector Planning office as the executive of health program data especially for nutrition along with its feed back mechanism application will maximize SP3G application in order to produce qualified nutrition program information so that it supports nutrition program management at District Health Office in perspective of planning, monitoring, and program evaluation.

Abstrak :
Kerusuhan sosial berbau etnis yang terjadi di Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat, awal 1999 di Kecamatan Jawai, Kabupaten Sambas memberikan dampak pada berbagai sektor dan kehidupan masyarakat yang sampai saat ini belum dapat kembali pada keadaan semula. Arus pengungsi dievakuasi ke berbagai tempat yang aman dan ditampung pada barak-barak penampungan dan fasilitas pemerintah. Di tempat pengungsian, sarana dan prasarana tidak tersedia untuk hidup layak, sebagai konsekuensinya banyak masalah yang dihadapi termasuk masalah kesehatan dan gizi. Hasil survei oleh Palang Merah Internasional menunjukkan 17,5% anak balita pengungsi gizi buruk, menurut UNHCR berada pada keadaan gizi yang kritis (>15%), dan perlu penanganan segera, Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Kalimantan Barat dan Kantor Wilayah Departemen Kesehatan Propinsi Kalimantan Barat bekerja sama dengan World Vision Indonesia membentuk Therapeutic Feeding Center (TFC) untuk menangani.masalah balita gizi buruk oleh karena ini merupakan pengalaman pertama, namun hasilnya cukup memuaskan, dimana tidak ada yang meninggal di TFC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi yang mendalam, tentang bagaimana pelaksanaan dan hambatan-hambatan kegiatan pemulihan status gizi balita gizi buruk, yang untuk selanjutnya dapat digunakan oleh pengelola program gizi sebagai masukan dalam memperbaiki pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan rancangan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif yang bersifat studi kasus retrospektif sedangkan pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview) observasi dan telaah dokumen. Analisis data yang terkumpul menunjukkan bahwa tim kesehatan TFC telah memenuhi standar yang telah ditentukan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa ketersediaan dana, sarana parasarana, serta berjalannya fungsi manajemen, merupakan salah penyebab rendahnya kegagalan dalam perawatan balita gizi buruk di TFC.

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Analysis of the Implementation of Sambas Refugee Children Malnutrition Status Recovering at Therapeutic Feeding Center, Dokter Soedarso District General Hospital, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat in the Year 2000Racial unrest in Kecamatan Jawai, Kabupaten Sambas, Kalimantan Barat in the early of 1999 has influenced many sectors and public life there, which has not recovered yet to the normal condition. Refugees have been evacuated to other safer places, emergency refugee barracks, or to other governmental service facilities. At those places, the facilities and infrastructures are not provided adequately to support proper daily living, so that it induces many social problems, including the health and nutrition problems. The survey result by International Red Cross Committee has shown that 17.5% of the children have suffered from malnutrition. While according to the UNHCR, 15% of the children suffer from critical nutrition condition and need immediate treatment. The Health Service and Health Ministry Regional Office of Kalimantan Barat Province in cooperation with The World Vision Indonesia have established the Therapeutic Feeding Center (TFC) in order to treat the children malnutrition. Even though this is an initial experience, it has brought satisfying enough result, whereas no patient has died in TFC. The purpose of this research is to obtain comprehensive information regarding the implementation and hindrance of the nutrition status recovering for the malnourished children. This result shall be useful input for the nutrition program official in order to enhance the program implementation. This type of research used qualitative method, accompanied by research plan using descriptive approach as a retrospective case study. Data was obtained from in-depth interviews, observation and documents analysis. While the result from the research shows that the TFC health service team has carried out the requirement standards. This research summarizes that the availability of fund, facilities, infrastructures, and managerial functions are factors of high success in malnutrition children treatment at TFC.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
A cross sectional study on nutritional status of children from small scale farmers' household applying different cropping pattern, was carried out in Cianjur District, West Java Province, Indonesia. There were 47 households producing vegetable (VPH) and 44 households producing rice (RPH), which were selected. Children from small-scale farmers? households seem to be quite vulnerable of malnutrition. Comparation of these two groups of small-scale farmers showed that stunting prevalence among children belonging to rice farmers' households was greater than children belonging to vegetable farmers. Dietary of nutrient intake was less in children from rice group than children from vegetable group. Monthly expenditure per capita from rice farmers' households was less than vegetable farmers' households had.

Abstrak :
Kabupaten Tangerang menjadi wilayah dengan jumlah balita gizi buruk dan kurangterbanyak di Provinsi Banten dengan prevalensi sebesar 5,77 . Pemerintah KabupatenTangerang sejak tahun 2010 hingga saat ini telah menyelenggarakan Pos Gizi sebagai upayapenurunan prevalensi balita kurang gizi. termasuk di Kecamatan Teluknaga. Tujuanpenelitian ini untuk menganalisis penyelenggaraan Pos Gizi di Kecamatan TeluknagaKabupaten Tangerang 2017 berdasarkan komponen input, proses dan output. Metodepenelitian ini kualitatif dengan desain Rapid Assessment Procesure RAP . Teknikpengumpulan data yang digunakan wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terarahkader. Hasil penelitian pada komponen input menunjukkan jumlah sumber daya manusiacukup, bidan desa tidak mendapatkan pelatihan, dana berasal dari dana BOK, peralatanmasak dari swadaya masyarakat, media penyuluhan tidak ada, dan jarak beberapa rumahpeserta jauh dengan lokasi kegiatan. Gambaran komponen proses didapatkan kegiatan PMTberjalan rutin, penyuluhan tidak rutin, pemantauan perubahan perilaku tidak dilakukan.Gambaran komponen output menggambarkan asupan makanan balita belum memenuhiprinsip gizi seimbang, peserta menerapkan beberapa perilaku kebersihan, dan peserta belummenerapkan perilaku mendapatkan layanan kesehatan yang positif. Perlu dilakukanpeningkatan kualitas kegiatan edukasi kesehatan melalui pelatihan kader dan bidan desa,kegiatan konseling dan pemantauan perilaku, serta pengadaan media edukasi. ......Tangerang district became the region with highest number of children unver fiveyears with malnutrition in Banten Province with prevalence at 5,77 at 2016. Tangeranggovernment since 2010 had held Pos Gizi as an effort to reducing prevalence of childrenunder five years with malnutrition. This study is purpose to analysis implementation of PosGizi that held at Teluknaga sub district in 2017 base on input, process, and output component.This research method is qualitative with Rapid Assessment Procedure RAP design. Datacollection used indepth interviews and focus group discussions. The result of study on theinput component shows human resources is sufficient, the midwife doesn't get the training,the fund source comes from BOK, cookware from the community, and distance of severalhouse participant far to the location. The process components show PMT activities areroutine, health education not routinely, monitoring of behavior change are not performed. The description of the output component show the intake food of children has not fulfilledthe principles of balance nutrition, participant still apply some hygiene behavior, andparticipant have not implemented positive behavior of getting health care. It is necessary toimprove the quality of health education activities through cadre and midwife training,counseling and behavior monitoring activities, and education media procurement.

Abstrak :
Kabupaten Tangerang menjadi wilayah dengan jumlah balita gizi buruk dan kurang terbanyak di Provinsi Banten dengan prevalensi sebesar 5,77%. Pemerintah Kabupaten Tangerang sejak tahun 2010 hingga saat ini telah menyelenggarakan Pos Gizi sebagai upaya penurunan prevalensi balita kurang gizi. termasuk di Kecamatan Teluknaga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis penyelenggaraan Pos Gizi di Kecamatan Teluknaga Kabupaten Tangerang 2017 berdasarkan komponen input, proses dan output. Metode penelitian ini kualitatif dengan desain Rapid Assessment Procesure (RAP). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terarah kader. Hasil penelitian pada komponen input menunjukkan jumlah sumber daya manusia cukup, bidan desa tidak mendapatkan pelatihan, dana berasal dari dana BOK, peralatan masak dari swadaya masyarakat, media penyuluhan tidak ada, dan jarak beberapa rumah peserta jauh dengan lokasi kegiatan. Gambaran komponen proses didapatkan kegiatan PMT berjalan rutin, penyuluhan tidak rutin, pemantauan perubahan perilaku tidak dilakukan. Gambaran komponen output menggambarkan asupan makanan balita belum memenuhi prinsip gizi seimbang, peserta menerapkan beberapa perilaku kebersihan, dan peserta belum menerapkan perilaku mendapatkan layanan kesehatan yang positif. Perlu dilakukan peningkatan kualitas kegiatan edukasi kesehatan melalui pelatihan kader dan bidan desa, kegiatan konseling dan pemantauan perilaku, serta pengadaan media edukasi. ......Tangerang district became the region with highest number of children unver-five years with malnutrition in Banten Province with prevalence at 5,77% at 2016. Tangerang government since 2010 had held Pos Gizi as an effort to reducing prevalence of children under-five years with malnutrition. This study is purpose to analysis implementation of Pos Gizi that held at Teluknaga sub-district in 2017 base on input, process, and output component. This research method is qualitative with Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) design. Data collection used indepth interviews and focus group discussions. The result of study on the input component shows human resources is sufficient, the midwife doesn't get the training, the fund source comes from BOK, cookware from the community, and distance of several house participant far to the location. The process components show PMT activities are routine, health education not routinely, monitoring of behavior change are not performed. The description of the output component show the intake food of children has not fulfilled the principles of balance nutrition, participant still apply some hygiene behavior, and participant have not implemented positive behavior of getting health care. It is necessary to improve the quality of health education activities through cadre and midwife training, counseling and behavior monitoring activities, and education media procurement.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Malnutrisi berhubungan dengan patologi struktural dan fungsional di otak yang dapat mengganggu maturitas sistem saraf pusat (SSP). Hal ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan belajar dan mempengaruhi kecerdasan anak. Salah satu instrumen untuk menilai maturitas SSP adalah dengan pemeriksaan soft sign neurology yang dapat menilai kelainan motorik atau sensorik tanpa adanya lesi struktural di SSP. Tujuan: Melihat perbandingan neurodevelopment anak dengan gangguan gizi dan anak gizi normal. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang secara konsekutif nonrandom sampling pada anak usia 5-18 tahun dengan gizi normal dan ganguan gizi di wilayah Jakarta yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dilakukan wawancara dengan orang tua, recall makanan, dan pemeriksaan soft sign neurology dengan instrumen Physical and Neurological Examination for Soft Sign (PANESS). PANESS terdiri dari 43 aitem untuk menilai gerakan motorik, graphesthesia, stereognosis, keseimbangan, gerakan berkelanjutan, gerakan bergantian dan string test. Hasil: Dari 170 subyek didapatkan soft sign neurology pada 135 subyek (79,4%) terdiri dari 72 laki-laki (53,3%) dan 63 perempuan (46,7%); 70 subyek (77,8%) kelompok gizi normal dan 65 subyek (81,2%) kelompok gangguan gizi. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik antara kelompok gizi normal dengan kelompok gangguan gizi usia 5-12 tahun pada penilaian total graphesthesia, total keseimbangan, dan total PANESS (p<0,05). Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik antara kelompok gizi normal dengan kelompok gangguan gizi usia 13-18 tahun pada penilaian gerakan bergantian (p=0,047). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan soft sign neurology yang bermakna antara kelompok anak gizi normal dengan kelompok anak gangguan gizi terutama pada kelompok usia 5-12 tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan keterlambatan dalam maturitas SSP.

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Background: Malnutrition is associated with structural and functional pathology of the brain, which can disrupt maturity of central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, this condition will cause learning disability and influence child intellegency. One of instrument to assess maturity of the CNS by using Neurological soft signs (NSSs) which can assess abnormal of motor and sensory findings without a structural lesion in the CNS. Aim: This study is aimed to assess association of neurodevelopment between malnutrition and normal nutrition children. Method: This cross-sectional study used consecutive non-randomized sampling by enrolled to children range between 5-18 years old within normal nutrition and undernutrition based at Jakarta regions which had met with inclusion and exclusion criteria, and had undergone interview with their parents, 24 hours recall nutrition, and NSSs examination using Physical and Neurological Examination for Soft Sign (PANESS) instrument. PANESS consist of 43 items was used for the assesment of motor movement, graphestesia, stereognosis, balance, continuity of movement, alternating movement and string test. Result: From total of 170 subjects, there were 135 subjects (79.4%) have NSSs, consist of 72 boys (53.3%) and 63 girls (46.7%). In normal nutrition group there were found 70 subjects (77.8%) have NSSs and at malnutrition group there were found 65 subjects (81.2%) have NSSs. It showed that there was significant difference between normal nutrition between 5-12 years old compared to malnutrition group in total assessment of graphesthesia, total balance, and total score of PANESS (P<0.05). There were significant difference between normal nutrition group of 13-18 years old with malnutrition group at alternating movement (P=0.047). Conclusion: There is significant difference of NSSs between normal nutrition and malnutrition especially for children between 5-12 years old. This finding showed delay of the CNS maturity.