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Abstrak :
[Sekitar 58,9% penduduk Indonesia bergantung pada tangki septik untuk mengolah tinja, namun 90% dari IPLT yang ada tidak beroperasi dengan baik. Anaerobic digestion (AD) adalah teknologi alternatif yang dapat menggantikan sistim saat ini, namun dibutuhkan inokulum yang sesuai agar dapat mengolah lumpur tinja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencampuran inokulum cairan rumen sapi (R) dan feses sapi (F) ke dalam lumpur tinja, dan penambahan co-substrat serbuk kayu (SK) dan daun kering (DK) terhadap pembentukan gas metana. Metode yang digunakan adalah biochemical methane potential (BMP). Batasan yang digunakan adalah massa inkubasi 28 hari, suhu inkubator 35oC, rasio substrat/inokulum (RSI) 1:2, sampel triplo, dan volume efektif 50%. Substrat lumpur tinja memiliki karakteristik COD 8,99 g/L, TS 8,1 g/L, VS 7,1 g/L, dan C/N 15,2. Hasil kombinasi substrat lumpur tinja dengan co-substrat SK dan DK menghasilkan nilai C/N 24,6 dan 16,8. Dari hasil uji BMP 28 hari, potensi gas metana RSK dan RDK adalah 60,5 dan 51,5 mLCH4/gVS. Kombinasi feses sapi, FSK dan FDK, menghasilkan 1,7 dan 37,7 mLCH4/gVS. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah inokulum (R) memiliki potensi menghasilkan gas metana lebih besar ketimbang (F), dan campuran co-substrat tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pembentukan gas metana. ......About 58,9% of Indonesian‟s people rely on septic tank to process fecal waste, but 90% of fecal treatment facilities doesn't function properly. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is an alternative technology than could replace the existing system, but it requires a compatible inoculum to digest fecal sludge waste. This research aims to determine the effects of adding inoculum from cow's rumen fluid (R) and cow‟s feces (F) into fecal sludge, and also determine the effect of combination of sawdust (SK) and dried leaves (DK) to the methane gas production. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) method is used in this research. The research frameworks consist of 28 days incubation period, incubator temperature of 35oC, 1:2 substrate-to-inoculum ratios (RSI), triplicate sample and 50% effective volume. The sewage sludge characteristics are COD 8,99 g/L, TS 8,1 g/L, VS 7,1 g/L and C/N 15,2. The combination of fecal sludge substrate with sawdust co-substrate and dried leaves yields C/N value of 24,6 and 16,8 respectively. The results of this research are the combination of rumen with RSK and RDK yields 60,5 dan 51,5 mLCH4/gVS respectively. The combination of cow feces with FSK and FDK yields 1,7 dan 37,7 mLCH4/gVS. This experiment concluded that inoculum (R) has the highest methane production compare to (F) and the combination of co-substrate (SK) and (DK) has little influence in methane gas production., About 58,9% of Indonesian‟s people rely on septic tank to process fecal waste, but 90% of fecal treatment facilities doesn‟t function properly. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is an alternative technology than could replace the existing system, but it requires a compatible inoculum to digest fecal sludge waste. This research aims to determine the effects of adding inoculum from cow‟s rumen fluid (R) and cow‟s feces (F) into fecal sludge, and also determine the effect of combination of sawdust (SK) and dried leaves (DK) to the methane gas production. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) method is used in this research. The research frameworks consist of 28 days incubation period, incubator temperature of 35oC, 1:2 substrate-to-inoculum ratios (RSI), triplicate sample and 50% effective volume. The sewage sludge characteristics are COD 8,99 g/L, TS 8,1 g/L, VS 7,1 g/L and C/N 15,2. The combination of fecal sludge substrate with sawdust co-substrate and dried leaves yields C/N value of 24,6 and 16,8 respectively. The results of this research are the combination of rumen with RSK and RDK yields 60,5 dan 51,5 mLCH4/gVS respectively. The combination of cow feces with FSK and FDK yields 1,7 dan 37,7 mLCH4/gVS. This experiment concluded that inoculum (R) has the highest methane production compare to (F) and the combination of co-substrate (SK) and (DK) has little influence in methane gas production.]

Abstrak :
Kebutuhan energi di dunia terus meningkat sementara pasokan bahan bakar fosil terus berkurang dari hari ke hari. Alternatif energi baru dan terbarukan sangat dibutuhkan di setiap belahan dunia. Biogas memiliki potensi besar untuk menggantikan bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber energi baru karena kapasitas energi yang dapat dihasilkannya dan juga ramah lingkungan. Sebagai penghasil kopi terbesar ke-4, Indonesia membuang limbah kopi dari sisa pengolahan kopi setiap harinya dalam jumlah yang besar. Telah dipelajari dari berbagai penelitian bahwa limbah kopi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sesuatu yang lebih bernilai dengan kemampuannya untuk menghasilkan biogas dengan kandungan metana yang tinggi. Meskipun demikian, limbah kopi memiliki kandungan dinding sel selulosa yang tinggi dan ikatan antara selulosa dan lignin yang akan mengganggu proses degradasi oleh mikroba anaerob dan mempengaruhi produksi metana. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, cairan rumen sapi digunakan sebagai inokulum untuk meningkatkan efisiensi biodegradasi. Untuk meningkatkan produksi metana, limbah kopi dicerna bersama dengan kotoran dengan empat variasi rasio perbandingan antara limbah kopi dengan kotoran sapi yang berbeda dan empat variasi jumlah inoculum yang dicampurkan untuk mendapatkan variasi optimal dari pencernaan tersebut. Variasi optimal ditempatkan pada tiga suhu berbeda lainnya untuk menentukan suhu optimal untuk produksi biogas. Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa perbandingan optimal kotoran sapi dengan limbah kopi untuk menghasilkan biogas adalah 3: 1 dengan rasio substrat terhadap inokulum 1: 1 pada suhu 37.

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The demand of energy in the world keeps increasing while the supply of fossil fuel is decreasing day by day. Alternative new and renewable energy is urgently needed in every part of the world. Biogas has a big potential to replace fossil fuel as the new source of energy due to the capacity of energy it can produce and it is environmentally friendly. As the 4 biggest coffee producer, Indonesia disposed a large amount of coffee waste from coffee processing every day, or usually known as spent coffee grounds (SCG). It has been learned from various studies that coffee waste can be utilized as something more valuable by reason of its ability to produce high methane composition biogas. Nonetheless, coffee waste has high cell wall content of cellulose and bonds between cellulose and lignin that would interrupt the degradation process by anaerobic microbes and affect the production of methane. To overcome this problem, cow rumen fluid was used as inoculum in order to increase biodegradation efficiency. To boost the production of methane, SCG was being co-digested with cow manure. It was mixed with four different variations of co-digestion ratio and four different variations of inoculum amount to obtain the optimum variation of the co-digestion. The optimum variation is placed at other three different temperatures to determine the optimum temperature for biogas production. From this research, it was found that the optimum ratio of cow manure to SCG to produce biogas is 3 : 1 with 1 : 1 ratio of substrate to inoculum at 37.