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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi urutan perkembangan theory of mind (ToM) anak usia 5-7 tahun di rural dan urban serta untuk mengetahui peran budaya individualis atau kolektivis dan parenting attitude terhadap perkembangan theory of mind anak. Penelitian ini melibatkan 91 partisipan ibu dan anak dari suku Jawa di rural dan urban. Kemampuan theory of mind diukur menggunakan Theory of Mind Task. Budaya diukur dengan Skala Pengasuhan Individualis atau Kolektivis dan parenting attitude diukur menggunakan Parenting Attitude Inventory. Penelitian ini juga akan mengukur komponen sarcasm untuk pertama kali di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutan perkembangan theory of mind anak di rural dan urban tidak mengikuti pola urutan ToM western atau eastern dengan urutan komponen ToM diverse desire > hidden emotion > diverse belief > sarcasm > knowledge access > false belief > second order. Budaya individualis atau kolektivis dan parenting attitude ditemukan tidak signifikan dalam memprediksi perkembangan theory of mind anak di rural dan urban, tapi parenting attitude pola konformiti menunjukkan hubungan negatif secara signifikan dengan komponen hidden emotion. ......This study aims to identify the sequence of development of theory of mind (ToM) of children aged 5-7 years in rural and urban areas and to determine the role of individualist or collectivist culture and parenting attitude towards the development of theory of mind. This study involved 91 participants of mothers and children from Javanese in rural and urban areas. The ability of theory of mind is measured using Theory of Mind Task. Culture preferences is measured by the Individualist or Collectivist Parenting Scale and parenting attitude is measured using Parenting Attitude Inventory. This research will also measure the components of Sarcasm for the first time in Indonesia. The results showed that the sequence of development of theory of mind of children in rural and urban areas did not match with the pattern of western or eastern ToM sequences and showed a sequence of ToM components diverse desire> hidden emotion> diverse beliefs> sarcasm> knowledge access> false beliefs> second order. Individualist or collectivist culture and parenting attitude were found to be insignificant in predicting the development of children's theory of mind in rural and urban areas, but parenting attitude conformity patterns showed a significant negative relationship with the hidden emotion component.