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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan urgensi dampak kegiatan blue economy di Laut Baltik, khususnya dampak terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat di negara-negara Skandinavia. Pemanfaatan sumber daya yang ada di Laut Baltik secara berlebihan dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Fokus penelitian mengkaji pembangunan berkelanjutan mengenai blue economy di negara Skandinavia. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran mengenai dampak ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tantangan utama yang dihadapi industri maritim di negara-negara Skandinavia, termasuk kebutuhan akan perencanaan dan pengelolaan sumber daya bersama, pelestarian alam, serta perlindungan lingkungan laut. Untuk memahami fenomena sosial yang kompleks peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang melibatkan pengumpulan dan analisis data non-numerik. Dalam mengeksplorasi penerapan blue economy di negara-negara Skandinavia berdarasakan EU blue economy akan menggunakan Teori Regional Security Complex Theory dan konsep Common Pool Resource. Teori dan konsep yang digunakan bertujuan untuk menjelaskan interaksi multi level antara negara-negara Skandinavia untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. Temuan penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa blue economy di negara-negara Skandinavia yang berbatasan dengan Laut Baltik dapat membawa manfaat yang signifikan baik bagi industri maritim maupun masyarakat luas. ......This research aims to explain the urgency of the impact of blue economy activities in the Baltic Sea, especially the impact on the environment and society in Scandinavian countries. Excessive use of the resources in the Baltic Sea can have a negative impact on the environment. The research focus examines sustainable development regarding the blue economy in Scandinavian countries. This research provides an overview of the economic, social and environmental impacts. This research identifies the main challenges facing the maritime industry in Scandinavian countries, including the need for planning and management of shared resources, nature conservation and protection of the marine environment. To understand complex social phenomena researchers use qualitative research methods which involve the collection and analysis of non-numerical data. In exploring the application of the blue economy in Scandinavian countries based on the EU blue economy, we will use the Regional Security Complex Theory and the Common Pool Resource concept. The theories and concepts used aim to explain multi-level interactions between Scandinavian countries to achieve common goals. The findings of this research argue that the blue economy in Scandinavian countries bordering the Baltic Sea can bring significant benefits to both the maritime industry and society at large.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Indonesia has a potential fishery resources around 6.4 million tons per year. Nonetheless, fishery resources that can be caught are limited in the amount of 5.2 million tons per year, because the rest of it still have to be maintained at the sea for continuous proliferation and scarcity prevention. In fact, fishery production is only collecting 4.7 million tons per year. Consequently, it remains 0.5 million tons per year, which is a good potential. This condition indicates that fishery resources have not been used optimally. Facing this challenges, government try to create regulations and policies. One of those things is blue revolution which is implemented by running Minapolitan policy, that is based on blue economy principle. The thing that has to be emphasized about this policy iscentral and local government are suggested to build synergy between each other to make the realization of this policy is successful. Actually, there is a region that has applied the Minapolitan policy, namely Cilacap Regency (Kabupaten Cilacap). Unfortunately, the fishery resources have not been used maximally as if it has become an old problem waiting for being solved. Based on the problem, this writing attempt to explain the implementation of Minapolitan policy and obstacles that may be faced during theprocess, in particular at Cilacap Regency, as a result of comprehensive research and study. The research method used is Sosio-Legal with qualitative approach and presented descriptively.

Abstrak :
Sayuran umumnya diusahakan secara intensif di lahan kering dataran tinggi tanpa menerapkan teknologi konservasi lahan untuk mengendalikan erosi dan penurunan kesuburan tanah. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, petani sayuran umumnya meng-gunakan pupuk kimia pada dosis tinggi. Namun upaya ini tidak dapat meningkatkan hasil, bahkan hasil sayuran cenderung menurun akibat lahan terdegradasi. Penggunaan pupuk kimia dosis tinggi mengakibatkan terjadinya akumulasi nitrat dalam tanah dan air, mengganggu siklus hara tanah, menghambat rege-nerasi humus, mematikan cacing tanah, menurunkan kandungan mikroorganisme tanah, dan menguras bahan organik tanah. Pengelolaan hara terpadu merupakan pendekatan inovatif untuk menjaga kesuburan tanah dan pasokan hara tanaman pada taraf optimum untuk keberlanjutan produktivitas sayuran. Ini dapat dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan manfaat dari berbagai sumber hara tanaman seperti pupuk kimia, pupuk organik, dan pupuk hayati secara terpadu. Upaya peningkatan produksi sayuran di lahan kering menghendaki penerapan teknologi inovatif yang ramah lingkungan yang bernuansa ekonomi biru. Pola ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing, produktivitas, dan nilai tambah produk yang dihasilkan

Abstrak :
Sehubungan dengan visi pembangunan sektor perikanan tangkap berbasis blue economy, pemerintah menyesuaikan kebijakan Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak Pungutan Hasil Perikanan (PNBP PHP). Berdasarkan PP 85/2021, titik pungutan PNBP PHP digeser dari yang sebelumnya berada di saat mengajukan perizinan berlayar (PNBP Pra Produksi), menjadi berada di saat mendaratkan ikan hasil tangkapan (PNBP Pasca Produksi). Kebijakan ini merupakan transformasi substansial dalam lanskap kebijakan fiskal Indonesia dan memicu perdebatan sejak diterapkan 1 Januari 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan PNBP Pasca Produksi dengan menggunakan tiga kriteria evaluasi kebijakan Dunn (2018), yaitu efektivitas, efisiensi, dan keadilan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah post-positivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan PNBP Pasca Produksi belum memenuhi kriteria efektivitas, efisiensi, dan keadilan. Dari kriteria efektivitas, kebijakan ini belum efektif dalam mencapai lima tujuan yang ditetapkan. Dari kriteria efisiensi, kebijakan ini memberatkan wajib bayar dan fiskus dari segi direct money costs, time costs, maupun psychological costs. Dari kriteria keadilan, kebijakan ini berhasil memenuhi benefit receive principle karena PNBP dipungut berdasarkan berat ikan hasil tangkapan riil, bukan berdasarkan perkiraan sebagaimana PNBP Pra Produksi. Namun, indeks tarif belum memenuhi prinsip nondiskriminasi karena adanya pembedaan tarif antar ukuran kapal yang tidak relevan. Untuk dapat mendukung pembangunan sektor perikanan tangkap berbasis blue economy, kebijakan PNBP Pasca Produksi setidaknya harus memenuhi ketiga kriteria tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyarankan adopsi teknologi di setiap pelabuhan yang dapat memenuhi kriteria efektivitas dan efisiensi kebijakan. Selain itu diperlukan reformulasi indeks tarif agar kriteria keadilan terpenuhi. ......In connection with the vision of developing a capture fisheries sector based on a blue economy, the government has adjusted the Non-Tax State Revenue Policy for Fishery Product Levy (PNBP PHP). Based on PP 85/2021, the PHP PNBP collection point has been shifted from previously being at the time of applying for a sailing permit (Pre-Production PNBP), to being at the time of landing the caught fish (Post-Production PNBP). This policy is a substantial transformation in the fiscal policy landscape in Indonesia which has sparked debate since it was implemented on January 1, 2023. This research aims to evaluate the Post-Production PNBP policy using Dunn's (2018) three policy evaluation criteria, namely effectiveness, efficiency and equity. The approach used is post-positivist with qualitative data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation and literature study. The research results show that the Post-Production PNBP policy does not meet the criteria for effectiveness, efficiency and equity. From the effectiveness criteria, this policy has not been effective in achieving the five stated objectives. From the efficiency criteria, this policy burdens the payer and the tax authorities in terms of direct money costs, time costs and psychological costs. From the equity criteria, this policy succeeds in fulfilling the benefit receive principle because PNBP is collected based on the weight of real fish caught, not based on estimates like Pre-Production PNBP. However, the rate index does not fulfill the principle of non-discrimination because there are irrelevant rate differences between ship sizes. To be able to support the development of the capture fisheries sector based on a blue economy, the Post-Production PNBP policy must at least meet these three criteria. Therefore, this research suggests adopting technology in each port that can meet the criteria for policy effectiveness and efficiency. Apart from that, reformulation of the rate index is needed so that the equity criteria are met.

Abstrak :
The idea of Global Maritime Fulcrum brought by President Joko Widodo further states that Indonesia wants to restore its glory at sea and play an important role in the maritime sector: Looking at the situation, in which the geo-economic and geopolitical center of gravity has now shifted from Western countries to the East Asian countries, has positioned Indonesia in the midst of a strategic change process. This provides an opportunity for Indonesia to realize the vision of Global Maritime Fulcrum. As the largest archipelagic country in the world, Indonesia is endowed with enormous marine potential with a great economic value which need to be supported by the development of maritime infrastructure and connectivity. Indonesia's efforts to realize the vision of Global Maritime Fulcrum by conducting its maritime diplomacy, one of them is through an international strategy in the form of international cooperation with partner countries and international organizations (IO) at bilateral and multilateral levels. This article discusses the application of the blue economy concept that aims to generate profits from the results of marine potential yet still preserve the sustainability of marine ecosystem in perceived as one of an apropriate step and in needed to realize the vision Global Maritime Fulcrum under the President Jokowi Dodo and Jusuf Kalla administration from 2014 to 2017.