Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Senyawa antibiotika memegang peranan penting di dalam pengobatan berbagai macam penyakit infeksi baik yang disebabkan oleh mikroba maupun yang disebabkah oleh virus. Senyawa - antibiotika UK-3 telah diisolasi dari miselium Streptomyces-sp. 517-02 -dan diketahui mempunyai aktivitas dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dan sel kanker. Total sintesis senyawa UK-3 dan analognya juga telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensmtesis senyawa Analog UK-3 (SH-I, SH-3) yang diharapkan mempunyai aktivitas yang lebih besar dari senyawa aslinya. Metode sintesis yang digunakan adalah melalui tiga tahap reaksi. Tahap pertama adalah reaksi esterifika L-seiin dan heksanol dengan katalis asam p-TsOH dalam bonzen. Selanjutnya pada tahap kedua adalah pembentukan 2-hidroksinikotinil-heksil-serin-ester antara asam 2-hidroksinikotinat dan heksilserin-ester-p-TsOH dengan katalis/aktivator DMAP/DCC dalam piridin. Reaksi terakhir adalah esterifikasi senyawa 2-hidroksinikotinil-serin-heksil-ester dengan anhidrida asetat dalam piridin menghasilkan SH-l, dengan asam fenil propanoat dan oktanoat dengan DMAP/DCC dalamdiklorometan masing-masing menghasilkan SH-2 dan SH-3. Senyawa hasil sintesis diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer Infra Merah (FT-IR), spektrometer Resonansi Magnetik-Inti (1H-NMR), spektrofotometer, Ultra Violet dan -spektrometer- Massa (MS). Pengujian aktivitas senyawa analog UK-3 dilakukan dengan uji antimikroba-terhadap beberapa mikroba dan uji toksisitas terhadap Brine Shrimp. Senyawa SH-3 aktif menghambat pertumbuhan terhadap bakteri Escherichia coil dan Candida albicans sampai konsentrasi 75 ppm, sedang SH-2 menunjukkan aktivitas paling tinggi terhadap uji Brine Shrimp dengan nilai LC50 pada konsentrasi 700,22 ppm.

---

The Synthesis And Biological Activity Test Of Antibiotic UK-3 Analogues (2-idroxynicotinyl-Hexyl-Serine-Ester-And Its Derivatives) Antibiotic compounds play important role in medical treatment of various infection diseases either caused by microbes or viruses. The Antibiotic UK-3 has been isolated from mycelim Streptomyces sp. 517-02 and found that its activity inhibits the growth of bacteria and cancer cells. Total synthesis of UK-3 and its analogues have been conducted as well. The goal of this research is to synthesize various analogues of UK-3 (SH-1, SH-2, SH-3) which is hoped to have higher activities than that of the original compound. The synthesis method consist of three reaction steps. The first step is esterification reaction of -L-serine and hexanol with catalyst p-TsOH in -benzene. The -second -step is the formation of -2-hydroxynicotinyl-hexyl-serine-ester between 2-hydroxynicotinyl acid and hexyl-serine-ester with catalyst/activator DMAPIDCC in pyridine. The last reaction is esterification of 2 hydroxynicotinyl-serine-ester-compound and acetic-anhydrid in pyridine - which form SH-1. If phenyl propionic acid or octanoic acid was used in the presence of DCCIDMAP in dichloromethane, the product formed was SH-2 and SH-3. The product of each step was identified and characterized by means Infra Red spectrophotometer (FTIR), 1H-NMR spectrometer, UV spectrophotometer and Mass spectrometer. The activity of SH-l, SH-2 and SH-3 as antimicrobes tested against several microorganism and their toxicity was tested against Brine Shrimp. SH-3 was found active against E. coil and C. albicans up to the concentrations of 75 ppm, while SH-2 indicated the highest activity on Brine Shrimp test with the value of LC50 in the concentrations of 700,22 ppm.

Abstrak :
Senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam daun pacar cina (Aglaia odorata L) diekstraksi dengan n-heksana. Senyawa tersebut dipisahkan dan diisolasi dengan cara kromatografi (KK,KCKT). Struktur dari senyawanya ditentukan dengan menggunakan data spektroskopi (IR,MS,1H-NMR, 13C-NMR), sedangkan aktivitas biologi dari senyawa-senyawa tersebut di test terhadap ikan guppy (Lebistes reticulates) dan larva nyamuk (Culex quinquefasciatus). Isolasi dan pemurnian memberikan hasil senyawa A dan B, didasarkan atas data spektroskopi. senyawa a adalah suatu flavonoid dan di identifikasi sebagai Naringenin -7.3'.4'-trimetil eter, senyawa B adalah suatu triterpenoid dan di identifikasi sebagai 24,25-dihidroksi dammaran -20-en-3-one. Pengujian aktivitas biologi ekstrak n-heksana menunjukkan kemampuan toksik terhadap ikan guppymaupun larva nyamuk., Senyawa B (24,25-dihidroksi dammaran-20-en-3-on) menunjukkan efek toksik terhadap ikan guppy dengan LC-50 : 93 ppm.

---

Structural Determination And Biological Activity Of Pacar Cina Leaves ( Aglaia Odorata Lour)Chemical constituents contained in Pacar cina leaves (Aglaia odorata Lour) were extracted by 'n-hexana. The compounds were separated and isolated with chromatography (CC, HPLC). the structure of the compounds were established using spectroscopy data (IR,MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, while biological activities of the compouds were adminestered to guppy fish (Lebistes reticulatus), mosquitus larva (Culex quinquefasciatus). The isolated and purified compounds give rise compound A and B, based on spectroscophy data compund A is a flavonoid and identified, as Naringenin 7,3',4'-trimetil eter, compound B is a tritepenoid and identified as 24,25-dihidroxidammaran-2-en-3-one. The biological activity to guppy fish, mosquitus larva as well. the compound B showed toxic activity on guppy fish (LC-50 : 93 ppm).

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the phytochemical screening and biological activity of Sesbania grandiflora ( L. ), locally named as "Khae ban", bark extractions, which were soft and hard barks. The phytochemical screening was carried out on the extraction of each particular bark with 95% Hexane, 95% Ethyl acetate, and 95% Ethanol for Alkaloids, Steroids, Tannins, Flavonoids, and Terpenoids. The anti-inflammatory activity was also evaluated for scavenging of nitric oxide free radicals ( NO), and the collagen extent was determined by Hydroxyproline assay. The results from phytochemical screening indicated that the 95% of ethanol extraction of hard bark provided a more positive result than those of others. The hard bark's extraction showed IC50 value ranging from 45.83 ± 14.95 to 254.86 ± 7.58 microgram per milliliter, which was a significantly statistical difference (P<0.05) from scavenging of nitric oxide free radicals (NO), and higher activity than that of soft bark. However, the highest activity of soft bark's extraction was found in 95% of Ethyl acetate with IC50 value of 470.24 ± 3.63 microgram per milliliter. In hard bark's extractions, the 95% ethanol extraction not only showed the highest activity (IC50 value of 45.85 ± 47.78 microgram per milliliter), but at the low concentration of extraction had collagen content of 49. 89 microgram per milliliter, which was higher than that in other solvents. This research indicated the Khae ban's hard bark extraction in 95% of ethanol and potentially able to be developed as a cosmeceutical product or mouth sore product treating mouth ulcer.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan sintesis senyawa 3-hidroksi pikolinil serin oktil ester (PSOE) dan turunannya melalui 3 tahap reaksi, yaitu sintesis senyawa oktil serin ester p-TsOH, sintesis senyawa PSOE dan sintesis senyawa PSOAE, PSOHE, PSOOE, PSOPPE. Sintesis senyawa oktil serin ester p-TsOH memberikan hasil 69,9 %. Sintesis senyawa PSOE memberikan hasil 29,7 %, sedangkan sintesis senyawa PSOAE, PSOHE, PSOOE dan PSOPPE berturut-turut memberikan hasil 31,8 %, 67,7 %, 40 % dan 46,17 %. Hasil uji aktifitas antibiotika terhadap mikroba E. coil, S. aureus, B. subtilis dan C. albicans menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis memberikan aktifitas anti bakteri paling baik terhadap B. subtilis dan aktifitas anti jamurnya lemah terhadap C. albicans. Hasil uji brine shrimp Artemia salina (BSLT) menunjukkan efek toksisitas senyawa PSOOE > PSOHE > PSOAE > PSOE > PSOPPE.

---

ABSTRACT The Syntheses and Bioassay of Novel Antibiotics 3-Hidroxy Pycolinyl Serine Octyl Ester and its DerivativesThe 3-hidroxy pycolinyl serine octyl ester (PSOE) and its derivatives i.e. PSOAE, PSOHE, PSOOE and PSOPPE have been synthesized. These compounds were synthesized in three step reactions. The first step produced serine octyl ester p-TsOH in 69,9 %. The second step resulted PSOE in 29,7 %. The last step produced PSOAE, PSOHE, PSOOE and PSOPPE in 31,8 %, 67,7 %, 40,0 % and 46,17 % respectively. The biological assay of these compounds showed activity against E. coil, S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans, in which the activity against B. subtilis was the strongest. In fact the activity of these compounds were stronger than that of standard antimycin A. The activity of these compounds showed no activity against fungus C. albicans. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) by using Artemia salina was performed to show toxicity of these compounds. The toxicity was PSOOE > PSOHE > PSOAE > PSOE > PSOPPE.

Abstrak :
Serbuk kering talus lichen Ramalina Javanica Nyi, yang dikumpulkan dari Kebun Raya Nasional Cibodas, Jawa Barat, pertama-tama diekstraksi sinambung dengan n-heksana menggunakan soklet. Ekstraks dari hasil ekstraksi pertama kemudian dipisahkan melalui kromatografi kolom menggunakan campuran n-heksana : chloroform = 1 : I (v/v). Dan pemisahan ini dapat diisolasi 90 mg kristal murni jingga dengan titik leleh 203°C (Senyawa A). Ampas kering dari ekstraksi pertama itu, kemudian melalui cara yang sama, diekstraksi lebih lanjut dengan aseton. Hasilnya kemudian dipisahkan melalui kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif (sebagai fasa mobil: campuran n-heksana : etil asetat = 3:2). Dan pemisahan ini dapat dihasillcan 27 mg serbuk kuning dengan titik leleh = 153°C (Senyawa B). Berdasarkan pada sifat fisik (titik leleh dan putaran optis) dan data perbandingan spektroskopi dapat ditentukan struktur dua senyawa yang diisolasi itu. Senyawa A dikenal sebagai parietin (C16 H12 Os). Sementara senyawa B merupakan suatu senyawa baru golongan antrakuinon Dari jenis jenis senyawa yang diketemukan di dalam lichen. Kerangka dasarnya mirip parietin, tetapi rantai sampingnya lebih panjang daripada gugus yang terdapat pada parietin, dengan satu pusat asimetrik pada C-1?. Oleh karena itu diusulkan senyawa B sebagai R- (+}- 1,8- dihidroksi -3- (1'- hidroksi -3'-butanoil) -6-metoksi antrakuinon (C19 H16 O7). Dari hasil uji pendahuluan aktivitas antibakteri dengan menggunakan metoda Konsentrasi Hambatan Minimum (KHM) dan metoda difusi agar terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli, menunjukkan bahwa ekstraks dari fraksi n-heksana dan aseton mempunyai aktivitas yang rendah dibandingkan dengan antibiotik ampisilin (memberikan hasil negatif).

---

The dried powder of thallus lichen Ramalina Javanica Nyl_ which collected from the National Botanical Garden, Cibodas, West Java, first continuously extracted with n-heksane by using sohxlet apparatus. The raw extract from the first extraction was then separated over coloumn chromatography by using mixture of n-heksane : chloroform = 1: 1 (vlv) as eluent. From this separation can be isolated 90 mg pure orange crystal with melting point = 203°C (Compound A). The dried residu from the first extraction, was then by same way, continuously extracted with acetone. The resulted extract was then separated over preparative thin layer chromatography (mixture of n-heksane : ethyl acetate = 3 : 2 as mobile phase). From this separation can be yielded 27 mg yellow powder with melting point = 253°C (Compound B). Based on the physical properties (melting point and optical rotation), spectroscophical and comperative data can be elucidated the structure both isolated compounds. Compound A was identified as (C16H12O5), meanwhile compound B was proposed as new compound at the anthraquinone's class of the lichen constituent types. Its base skeleton likes parietin, but its side chain is longer than side chain of parietin, with one assyrnetric center at the C-1'. Therefore it is proposed that compound B as R- (+) -1,8-dihidroxy -3- (1' -hidroxy -3' -butanoyl) -6-methoxy anthraquinone (C 19H16 O7). The result of antibacterial activity pretest using concentration minimum inhibition and gel diffuse method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that raw extract from n-heksane and acetone fraction has low activity compared with amphicylin antibiotic (given negative result).

Abstrak :
Lautan merupakan sumber produk alami yang unik secara struktural yang sebagian besar terakumulasi dalam organisme hidup dimana mereka menunjukkan aktivitas farmakologis yang beragam dan sangat membantu untuk penemuan senyawa bioaktif. Namun studi mengungkapkan bahwa sumber daya alam laut ini belum sepenuhnya dieksplorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun data senyawa kimia sebagai dasar pembuatan pangkalan data bahan alam laut. Informasi tentang sifat fisikokimia, farmakokinetika, dan aktivitas biologis dari senyawa-senyawa tersebut akan dikumpulkan dan disusun secara sistematis dalam pangkalan data yang dapat diakses oleh peneliti, ilmuwan, dan pihak terkait lainnya. Parameter sifat  fisikokimia diprediksi menggunakan aplikasi KNIME, parameter ADMET (absorpsi, distribusi, metabolisme, ekskresi, toksisitas) diprediksi menggunakan ADMETlab 2.0, dan informasi aktivitas biologis diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dari sumber-sumber yang terpercaya, seperti jurnal ilmiah. Tinjauan ini merangkum keragaman senyawa-senyawa bioaktif yang diisolasi alga, echinodermata, fungi laut, spons, karang lunak, dan tunikata dengan keragaman struktural yang didominasi oleh senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid, dan fenolik serta merangkum fungsi biologis dari senyawa bioaktif diantaranya sebagai antikanker, antidiabetes, antibakteri, antijamur, antivirus. Harapannya dapat menjadi  sebagai sumber informasi berharga bagi penelitian lanjutan, memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang potensi dan aplikasi bahan alam laut serta peluang dalam pengembangan obat. ......The ocean is a source of structurally unique natural products most of which accumulate in living organisms where they exhibit diverse pharmacological activities and are helpful for the discovery of bioactive compounds. However, studies revealed that these marine natural resources have not been fully explored. This study aimed to compile data on chemical compounds as a basis for creating a database of marine natural materials. Information on the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and biological activities of these compounds will be collected and arranged systematically in a database that can be accessed by researchers, scientists and other related parties. Physicochemical property parameters were predicted using the KNIME application, ADMET parameters (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) were predicted using ADMETlab 2.0, and biological activity information was obtained using data collection methods from reliable sources, such as scientific journals. This review summarized the diversity of bioactive compounds isolated from algae, echinoderms, marine fungi, sponges, soft corals, and tunicates with structural diversity dominated by alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds and summarized the biological activities of bioactive compounds including as anticancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral. This research is expected to be a valuable source for further research, providing a better understanding of the potential and application of marine natural ingredients as well as opportunities in drug development.