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"Protein Non Struktural-1 (NS-1) dari virus dengue terbukti menjadi penandauntuk diagnosis awal infeksi dengue. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag adalah salah satu alatdiagnostikdi Indonesia yang menggunakan NS1.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengukur sensitivitas dan spesifisitas kit pada virus dengue serotype-2(DENV-2), virus dengue serotype-4 (DENV-4) dan infeksi campuran Ujidiagnostik dilakukan selama36 bulan (Maret2010 ?Februari 2013). Sebanyak 102pasien dengan demam kurang dari 48 jam memenuhi kriteria inklusi dalam studiini. Reverse Transcripion-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) atau isolasivirus di cell line C6/36 atau kenaikan titer antibody dijadikan sebagai standarbaku penentu infeksi dengue. RT-PCR juga digunakan untuk menentukan serotipevirus. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 17.0. Variabeldata binomial disajikan dalam interval kepercayaan 95%. Sensitivitas danspesifisitas kit diagnostik disajikan dalam tabel 2x2 dan area di bawah kurva(AUC) dari Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve. Dari 102 pasien secaraberurutan didapatkan DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 dan DENV-4, adalah 17(16.7%), 21 (20.5%), 16 (15.7%) dan 4 (3.9%). Pada penelitian ini jugaditemukan infeksi campuran yaitu campuran (i)DENV-1 dan DENV-2, (ii)DENV-1 dan DENV-3, (iii)DENV-1 dan DENV-4, (iv)DENV-1, DENV-3, dan DENV-4,(v)DENV-2 dan DENV-4 dan (vi)serotipe yang tidak diketahui secara berurutanadalah 2 (2.0%), 3 (2.9%), 1 (1.0%), 1 (1.0%), 1 (1.0%), dan 2 (2.0%).Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas masing Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip untuk mendeteksiinfeksi DENV-2 adalah 76,2% dan 100% (95% CI, 76.8% to 99.3%). Sementaraitu, sensitivitas dan spesifisitas strip untuk mendeteksi infeksi DENV-4 adalah50% dan 100% (95% CI, 50% to 100%). Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas Bio-RadNS1 Ag Strip pada infeksi campuran adalah 100% (95% CI, 95% to 100%). Bio-Rad NS1 Ag memiliki sensitivitas tinggi dan spesifisitas untuk menentukaninfeksi akut DENV-2 dan infeksi campuran. Namun, Bio-Rad NS1 Ag memilikisensitivitas yang terbatas, namun spesifisitas tinggi untuk diagnosis infeksi akutDENV-4.;Non Structural-1 (NS1) protein of dengue virus is proven to be a marker for earlydiagnosis of dengue infection. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip is one of the availablediagnostic kit in Indonesia that comprised of NS1. The aim of this study was tomeasure the sensitivity and specificity of the kit within DENV-2, DENV-4andmixed dengue virus serotypes. This study was done in 36 months (March 2010-February 2013). There were 102 dengue suspected patients with fever less than 48hours was fulfilling inclusion criteria. Reverse Transcription- Polymerase ChainReaction (RT-PCR) or virus isolation in C6/36 cell line or increase titer antibodyby ELISA was used as gold standard. RT-PCR was also used to determineserotype of the dengue virus. SPSS version 17.0 was the main statistical tool thatwe used. Data binominal variables was presented as incidence rates with 95%confidence intervals. Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic kit was presented in2x2 tablesand area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver OperatingCharacteristics Curve. From 102 patients, 68 (68.3%) patients were confirmedpositive dengue infection. Within confirmed dengue infection patients by RT-PCRwe found DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3,DENV-4 17 (16.7%), 21 (20.5%), 16(15.7%), 4 (3.9%), respectively. It was also found some mixed infection cases,which were (i)DENV-1 and DENV-2, (ii)DENV-1 and DENV-3, (iii)DENV-1and DENV-4, (iv)DENV-1, DENV-3 and DENV-4, (v)DENV-2 and DENV-4 and(vi)unknown were of 2 (2.0%), 3 (2.9%), 1 (1.0%), 1 (1.0%), 1 (1.0%) and 2(2.0%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip forDENV-2 sera collected were 76.2% and 100% (95% CI, 76.8% to 99.3%),respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip for DENV-4were 50% and 100% (95% CI, 50% to 100%), respectively. The sensitivity andspecificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip for mixed infection were both 100% (95%CI, 95% to 100%). Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip has high sensitivity and specificity todetermine DENV-2 and mixed infection. On the other hand, Bio-Rad NS1 AgStrip has limited sensitivity, but high specificity for diagnosis of DENV-4 acuteinfection;Non Structural-1 (NS1) protein of dengue virus is proven to be a marker for earlydiagnosis of dengue infection. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip is one of the availablediagnostic kit in Indonesia that comprised of NS1. The aim of this study was tomeasure the sensitivity and specificity of the kit within DENV-2, DENV-4andmixed dengue virus serotypes. This study was done in 36 months (March 2010-February 2013). There were 102 dengue suspected patients with fever less than 48hours was fulfilling inclusion criteria. Reverse Transcription- Polymerase ChainReaction (RT-PCR) or virus isolation in C6/36 cell line or increase titer antibodyby ELISA was used as gold standard. RT-PCR was also used to determineserotype of the dengue virus. SPSS version 17.0 was the main statistical tool thatwe used. Data binominal variables was presented as incidence rates with 95%confidence intervals. Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic kit was presented in2x2 tablesand area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver OperatingCharacteristics Curve. From 102 patients, 68 (68.3%) patients were confirmedpositive dengue infection. Within confirmed dengue infection patients by RT-PCRwe found DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3,DENV-4 17 (16.7%), 21 (20.5%), 16(15.7%), 4 (3.9%), respectively. It was also found some mixed infection cases,which were (i)DENV-1 and DENV-2, (ii)DENV-1 and DENV-3, (iii)DENV-1and DENV-4, (iv)DENV-1, DENV-3 and DENV-4, (v)DENV-2 and DENV-4 and(vi)unknown were of 2 (2.0%), 3 (2.9%), 1 (1.0%), 1 (1.0%), 1 (1.0%) and 2(2.0%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip forDENV-2 sera collected were 76.2% and 100% (95% CI, 76.8% to 99.3%),respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip for DENV-4were 50% and 100% (95% CI, 50% to 100%), respectively. The sensitivity andspecificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip for mixed infection were both 100% (95%CI, 95% to 100%). Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip has high sensitivity and specificity todetermine DENV-2 and mixed infection. On the other hand, Bio-Rad NS1 AgStrip has limited sensitivity, but high specificity for diagnosis of DENV-4 acuteinfection"

"Infeksi dengue telah menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan yang serius di Indonesia. Non Struktural-1 (NS-1) antigen dikenal sebagai indikator diagnostik awal infeksi dengue. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui sensitivitas dan spesifisitas Biorad NS-1 Ag Strip sebagai pendeteksi infeksi dengue, baik primer maupun sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kohort dengan konsekutif sampling. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menggunakan Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), atau isolasi virus dalam C6/36 cell line atau peningkatan titer antibodi sebagai standar baku emas. Kami juga menggunakan SPSS 17.0 dengan 2x2 table dan area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Curve untuk menganalisis data. Populasi data dalam penelitian ini adalah 102 pasien dan 68,3% dari mereka dikonfirmasi sebagai pasien infeksi dengue. Hasil positif ini diklasifikasikan kembali menjadi infeksi primer dan sekunder, yaitu 27 (39,7%) dan 35 (51,5%) orang berturut-turut. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip infeksi dengue primer adalah 96.30% dan 100%. Namun, sensitivitas dan spesifisitas Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip untuk infeksi dengue sekunder adalah 85.71% dan 100 %. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang tinggi untuk menentukan infeksi primer dan sekunder. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip dianjurkan untuk digunakan sebagai deteksi dini infeksi dengue, baik primer maupun sekunder.

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Dengue Infection has been one of the serious health problems in Indonesia. Non Structural-1 (NS-1) antigen was known to be the early diagnostic indicator of dengue infection. The purpose of this research is identifying the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic kit, called Biorad NS-1 Ag Rapid Test, which use NS-1 Antigen as the marker to detect primary and secondary dengue infection. Cohort with consecutive sampling was the most suitable research design to be applied in this study. We used Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), or virus isolation in C6/36 cell line or the increment of antibody titer as the gold standard in this study. We also used SPSS 17.0 with tables 2x2 and area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Curve to analyze the data. Population data in this research were 102 patients and 68.3% of them confirmed as dengue infection patient. Furthermore, the positive results are classified into primary and secondary infection, which are 27 (39.7%) and 35 (51.5%) people, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip in primary dengue infection were 96.30% and 100%, respectively. However, the sensitivity and specificity of Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip for secondary dengue infection were 85.71% and 100 %, respectively. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip has high sensitivity and specificity to determine both primary and secondary infection. As the result, Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip is recommended to be used for early detection of primary and secondary dengue infection."

"Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia. Penggunaan Non Structural-1 (NS-1) antigen dari virus dengue untuk deteksi awal telah terbukti sebagai salah satu solusi dari penentu infeksi dengue. Salah satu alat diagnosik yang tersedia di Indonesia adalah Bio-Rad NS1 Ag strip. Penelitian ini berjalan selama18 bulan di mulai dari tanggal November 2010 sampai dengan Mei 2012. Seratus dua pasien dengan demam kurang dari 2 hari terlibat dalam studi ini. Peneliti menggunakan Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Virus isolation di sel C6/36, atau IgG and IgM titer ELISA sebagai standard emas dalam mendeteksi infeksi dengue. Dalam riset ini, kami menggunakan Bio-Rad NS1 antigen untuk mendeteksi keberadaan antigen NS1 dalam serum darah pasien yang terduga terkena demam berdarah. SPSS 16.0 digunakan untuk menganalisa data. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah dari 102 pasien yang terduga terkena demam berdarah, terdapat 68(68.3%) positf terkena demam berdarah dan 34(31.7%) negatif. Serotype virus juga dipeoleh mellaui RT PCR. Dari 68 pasien yang positif demam berdarah, ada 17 terkena DENV-1, 21 terinfeksi DENV-2, 16 terinfeksiDENV-3, 4 terinfeksi DENV-4, 8 terinfeksi campuran, dan 2 tidak diketahui serotypenya. Nilai sensitivitas dan specifisitas Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip dalam mendeteksi infeksi demam berdarah dengan nilai 86.2% dan 96.3%. Dalam mendeteksi infeksi DENV-1, sensitivitas and spesifisitas Bio-Rad NS1 Ag strip adalah 94.12dan 94.44% (95% CI, 80.5% to 97.7%). Sedangkan untuk mendeteksi DENV-3, alat ini mempunyai sensitivitas 75% dan spesifisitas 94.44% (95% CI, 69.3% to 93.5%). Bedasarkan hasil ini, Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip dapat dipergunakan sebagai alat untuk menegakan diagnosis dari infeksi demam berdarah DENV-1 dan DENV-3 pada awal demam.

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Dengue infection has been one of the health issues in worldwide. The utilization of Non Structural-1 (NS1) antigen in order to detect early dengue infection has been proven to be one of the solutions. Diagnostic kit named Bio-Rad NS1Ag Strip is one of the kit that uses antigen which is available in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV value of the kit. This study was held in 18 months duration from November 2010 until Mei 2012. One hundred and two subjects with fever less than 48 hours were included in the study. RT-PCR or virus isolation C6/36 or ELISA antibody titer were used as the gold standard of this research. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag Strip was used to determine the presence of NS1 antigen in the patient. Data analysis and statistics uses SPSS 16.0.In the result, there were 68 (68.3%) positive and 34 (31.7%) negative. RT PCR also determined the virus’s stereotypes. There were 17 of DENV-1, 21 of DENV-2, 16 of DENV-3, 4 of DENV-4, 8 of mixed infection and 2 unknown serotypes. Bio-Rad NS1 Ag has 86.2% of sensitivity and 96.35 of specificity to detect all stereotypes. In for detecting DENV-1, the kit has 94.12% sensitivity and 94.44% (95% CI, 80.5% to 97.7%). Meanwhile, in detecting DENV-3, the kit has 75%sensitivity and 94.44% specificity (95% CI, 69.3% to 93.5%). According to these findings, Bio-Rad NS1 Ag strip is suitable as a diagnostic kit to make early diagnosis of dengue fever DENV-1 and DENV-3."

"Protein Non Structural 1 NS 1 telah digagaskan untuk menjadi alat diagnostik dini untuk infeksi demam berdarah karena keberadaannya yang cukup tinggi pada saat fase akut dari infeksi ini NS 1 adalah protein yang sangat penting bagi virus dengue untuk melakukan replikasi virus Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan kinetik NS 1 pada hari demam ke 4 sampai dengan 6 dengan menggunakan Strip Bio Rad Ag di komunitas di Jakarta Seluruh penelitian ini berjalan selama 36 bulan Maret 2010 ndash Februari 2013 Terdapat 102 pasien diduga terinfeksi demam berdarah yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi Serum darah pasien dites menggunakan RT PCR atau isolasi virus di line sel C6 36 atau kenaikan titer antibodi sebagai standar baku dan sedangksn Strip Bio Rad NS 1 Ag digunakan sebagai metode diagnostik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini SPSS 17 0 merupakan alat statistik yang digunakan dalam riset ini Dari kesuluruhan 68 68 3 pasien terbukti positive terinfeksi dan 34 31 7 merupakan negatif untuk infeksi dengue Sementara itu hanya 54 52 94 pasien yang terdiagnosis positif infeksi dengue pada hari demam ke 4 6 Kinetik NS 1 selama hari demam ke 4 6 terdeteksi masing masing sebanyak 83 64 69 09 and 47 27 Kinetik NS 1 pada pasien dengue infeksi primer sejak hari demam ke 4 sampai dengen 6 terdeteksi sebanyak 100 83 33 dan 75 Secara kontras kinetik NS 1 di pasien degue infeksi sekunder dari hari demam ke 4 6 adalah 73 33 60 dan 26 67 Terdeteksinya NS 1 akan semakin menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya hari demam Antingen NS 1 pada pasien dengue infeksi primer lebih lama keberadaannya dibandingkan dengen pasien dengue infeksi sekunder.

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NS 1 has been purposed to be use as an early method to diagnose dengue infection because of its appearance in the acute phase of the infection NS 1 is a protein that essential for dengue virus to do the virus replication This study has aimed to determining the kinetic of NS 1 by using Bio Rad NS 1 Ag Strip for dengue infection during day 4 6th of fever in community in Jakarta The entire study was conducted in 36 months March 2010 ndash February 2013 There were 102 suspected dengue infection patients that fulfill the inclusion criteria tested for the NS 1 antigen in their blood serum using RT PCR or isolation of the viruses in C6 36 cell line or increasing antibody titer as the gold standard Meanwhile Bio Rad NS 1 Ag Strip was used as the diagnostic method use in this study Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 0 Overall 68 68 3 patients were considered positive and 34 31 7 patients were negative for dengue infection Meanwhile only 54 52 94 patients were positive at the day 4 6th of fever The kinetic of NS 1 during day 4 6th day of fever were 83 64 69 09 and 47 27 respectively The kinetic of NS 1 in primary patients from day 4 to day 6 were 100 83 33 and 75 respectively In contrast the kinetic of NS 1 in secondary patients from day 4 to day 6 respectively were 73 33 60 and 26 67 The presences of NS 1 antigen were decreasing as the day of fever keeps progressing The availability of NS 1 antigen in primary dengue infected patients was longer than the secondary dengue infected patients."