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"Indonesia memiliki keberagaman keong darat yang tinggi, namun pemanfaatannya masih sangat terbatas. Lendir keong darat saat ini sudah digunakan sebagai sediaan kosmesetikal karena adanya dukungan ilmiah yang melaporkan bahwa lendir beberapa spesies keong darat memiliki bioaktivitas yang bermanfaat untuk kesehatan dan kecantikan kulit. Amphidromus palaceus adalah salah satu spesies keong darat native Indonesia yang memiliki tubuh relatif besar sehingga mudah untuk di koleksi lendirnya. Penelitian bioprospeksi lendir A. palaceus sebagai sediaan kosmesetikal belum banyak dilakukan sampai saat ini. Beberapa klaim kosmesetikal yang menarik untuk ditelusuri adalah pencarian agen pemutih dan anti kerut. Inhibisi tirosinase via jalur biosintesis melanin dapat digunakan sebagai klaim agen pemutih, sedangkan inhibisi elastase via jalur degradasi elastin dapat digunakan sebagai klaim anti kerut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit lendir A. palaceus, serta mengungkap potensinya sebagai inhibitor tirosinase dan elastase melalui penambatan molekuler. Identifikasi senyawa metabolit menggunakan instrumen UPLC-MS/MS, sedangkan penambatan molekuler menggunakan perangkat lunak AutoDock Tools 1.5.7 dan AutoDock 4.2. Penelitian ini berhasil mengidentifikasi 17 senyawa metabolit lendir A. palaceus dengan 10 senyawa dengan status terduga dan 7 senyawa dengan status terkonfirmasi. Analisis penambatan molekuler menunjukkan 6 senyawa kandidat inhibitor tirosinase dan 7 senyawa kandidat inhibitor elastase. Senyawa 4-(1-phenylethyl)-N-[4-(1-phenylethyl) phenyl]aniline merupakan senyawa kunci (lead compound) paling berpotensi menginhibisi tirosinase dan elastase.

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Indonesia has a high diversity of land snails, but their use is still very limited. Land snail mucus is now used as a cosmeceutical preparation because of scientific support which reports that the mucus of several land snail species has bioactivity that is beneficial for skin health and beauty. Amphidromus palaceus is a species of land snail native to Indonesia which has a relatively large body so it is easy to collect its mucus. Research on bioprospecting of A. palaceus mucus as a cosmeceutical preparation has not been carried out to date. Some interesting cosmeceutical claims to explore include the search for whitening and anti-wrinkle agents. Tyrosinase inhibition via the melanin biosynthesis pathway can be used as a whitening agent claim, while elastase inhibition via the elastin degradation pathway can be used as an anti-wrinkle claim. This research aims to identify bioactive compounds in A. palaceus mucus, and reveal their potential as inhibitors of tyrosinase and elastase through molecular docking. Identification of bioactive compounds using UPLC-MS/MS instruments, while molecular docking using AutoDock Tools 1.5.7 and AutoDock 4.2 software. This research succeeded in identifying 17 bioactive compounds in A. palaceus mucus with 10 compounds with suspected status and 7 compounds with confirmed status. Molecular docking analysis showed 6 tyrosinase inhibitor candidate compounds and 7 elastase inhibitor candidate compounds. The compound 4-(1-phenylethyl)-N-[4-(1-phenylethyl) phenyl]aniline is the key compound (lead compound) with the most potential to inhibit tyrosinase and elastase."

"Amphidromus, a genus of arboreal pulmonate land snails belong to the family Camaenidae, is found in Indonesia. The total species of Amphidromus in Indonesia are almost half of the total number of species in the world. Most of these species were described before 1900. The collections of Amphidromus at the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, were collected after 1900.Shell of subgenus Amphidromus rather stout, either dextral or sinistral, usually solid, and with periodical colour-stripes or varix, and shell of subgenus Syndromus always sinistral, usually thin, never marked with varix, the varietals callus usually thin and transparent.The aim of the study is to know the diversity and distribution of Amphidromus in Indonesia based on the specimen of Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, and also to study the difference of morphometric and genitals between subgenus Amphidromus and Syndromus. This study was carried out in the period of May - October 1996 at the Laboratory of Malacology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Bogor.Each species was measured and described the shell measurement, shell colour, locality and the date of specimen collection. Morphometric data consist of high, diameter, and high of aperture of adult shells. Cluster analysis of morphometric data is primarily dissimilarity index Bray - Curtis's method. The difference of penial complex of genitals is counted based upon the length of epiphalic flagellum and length of epiphallus.The result of this study showed that the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense has 67,57 % (25 species) of total species from Indonesian Amphidromus. One of those species has never been collected, Amphidromus (Syndromus) annae, which might be endemic species located in Selayar island. The specimen from Mount Buntung, East Kalimantan, will be described as a new species in separate publication.The new record for their distribution of Amphidromus javanicus was recognized from Jambi, A. sumatranus from Siberut island, and A. contrarius from Alor island. The subgenus Syndromus in Indonesia is distributed in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Jawa, Bali, NTB, NTT, Timor island, Wetar island, Roma island, and Tanimbar islands. While subgenus Amphidromus dispersed in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Jawa, and Bali. Based on the data collections, Amphidromus palaceus was found through out the years.The epiphallic flagellum of subgenus Amphidromus, is longer than epiphallus, while subgenus Syndromus, is shorter. Cluster analysis showed that only 92 % of subgenus Amphidromus and Syndromus has morphometric differences."