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Abstrak :
Tanaman teh (C. sinensis) banyak manfaat da1am kesehatan tubuh antara lain untuk mencegah pertumbuhan sel-sel kanker, menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi, mengurangi penyakit degenerativ, serta untuk penyegar tubuh. Hal ini disebabkan pada organ tanaman yakni daun dan pucuk batangnya mengandung bahan alami seperti tannin, theobromin, theophyllin, cafein serta mineral. Penanaman jaringan daun teh menghasilkan kalus berwarna putih kekuningan dan bertekstur kompak pada medium 1/2 MS 1962 yang diperkaya dengan 2 ppm 2,4D dan 3 ppm kinetin. Transformasi genetik dengan bantuan Aarobacterium tumefaciens dapat mengurangi penggunaan fitohormon dan zat pengatur tumbuh untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kandungan bahan alami(senyawa metabolit sekunder). Hal ini disebabkan bakteri tersebut mempunyai plasmid yang mengandung gen nopalin sintase dan octopin sintase disamping gen virulen sehingga terjadi tumorgenesis ataupun perbanyak perakaran dan pertunasan. Inokulasi A. tumefaciens pada kadar 5 x 10^5 dan 5 x 10^6 sel/ml dapat meningkatkan. pertumbuhan kalus dari 8,5624 g menjadi 13,0053 g dan kandungan tannin dari 0,0837 g menjadi 0,1389g. Sedangkan pada kadar 5 x 10^3; 5 x 10^4 sel/ml secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata. Dengan demikian kalus daun teh dapat digunakan sebagai sumber tannin secara alternativ.

Abstrak :
Cottonii seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii Doty) is one of the most important commercial sources of carrageenans which are widely used in the pharmaceuticals and food industries. A problem in the cultivation of this seaweed is the ice-ice disease, which is caused by extreme changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and seawater salinity. Gene transformation to produce Cottonii seaweed transgenics that are tolerant to environmental stress is a potential solution to this problem. Gα gene encodes for the heterotrimeric G protein α subunit is a gene that plays a role in tolerance to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. This study aimed to: (a) introduce the Gα gene into the callus cells of K. alvarezii and regenerate transformed callus cells to transgenic plantlets; (b) determine the appropriate concentration of acetosyringone and Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain for gene transfer into the callus of K. alvarezii. The callus cells of K. alvarezii were transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains LBA4404 and EHA105 carrying the expression vector pGWB502-Gα with a CaMV-35S promoter. The calli and A. tumefaciens were co-cultivated in several concentrations of acetosyringone (20, 40, 60 mg/L). The regeneration of transformed callus cells into transgenic plantlets was successfully performed using the somatic embryogenesis technique. The results showed that the highest percentage of putative transgenic micropropagule formation occurred at the 20-40 mg/L concentration of acetosyringone. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on the twenty transgenic plantlets indicated that the Gα gene was successfully introduced into the genomic DNA of all of them. The highest transformation efficiency was in the co-cultivation treatment of 20-40 mg/L acetosyringone (22-28%). The transformation efficiency produced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 (23%) was not significantly different from that produced by the LBA4404 (15%).

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melakukan transformasi gen OsERA1 ke kalus padi cv. Taipei 309 menggunakan Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Gen OsERA1 adalah gen yang berperan dalam meningkatkan sensitifitas dari sel penjaga pada stomata terhadap asam absisat. Transformasi gen OsERA1 dilakukan menggunakan Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 yang membawa plasmid rekombinan pCAMBIA1301-OsERA1. Gen OsERA1 telah dikloning sebelumnya pada vektor pengklonaan pGEM-T Easy. Gen dipotong dengan enzim restriksi BamHI dan SalI. Gen diligasikan dengan pCAMBIA 1301 dan ditransformasikan ke dalam Escherichia coli DH5α dihasilkan vektor rekombinan pCAMBIA-ERA1. Plasmid vektor rekombinan pCAMBIA-ERA1 belum berhasil ditransformasi ke dalam Agrobacterium tumefaciens dengan elektroporasi tetapi berhasil dilakukan dengan particle bombardment. ......Research about transformation of OsERA1 gene into rice calli cv. Taipei 309 using Agrobacterium tumefaciens had been done. OsERA1 gene is a gene that has response to enhance sensitivity of guard cell to absicid acid. Transfer of OsERA1gene into calli was carried out using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring recombinant plasmid pCAMBIA1301-OsERA1. OsERA1 gene had been cloned previously in the pGEM-T Easy cloning vector and for inserting into pCAMBIA1301, the gene was digested from cloning vector using restriction enzymes BamHI and SalI. Furthermore, the gene was ligated into vector pCAMBIA 1301 and transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α in order to obtain recombinant plasmid pCAMBIA-OsERA1. The recombinant plasmid pCAMBIAOsERA1has not sucessfully transformed with electroporation into Agrobacterium tumefaciens yet, but it can be transformed by particle bombardment method.

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melakukan transformasi gen Osdep1-Tc ke kalus padi cv. Taipei 309 menggunakan Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformasi gen Osdep1-Tc dilakukan menggunakan A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 yang membawa plasmid rekombinan pCAMBIA1301-Osdep1-Tc, mengandung gen reporter (gus), gen nptII dan hptI. Gen Osdep1-Tc yang telah dikloning ke vektor pengklonaan pGEM-T Easy pada penelitian sebelumnya digunakan sebagai sampel untuk kemudian isubkloning ke pCAMBIA 1301 dan ditransformasikan ke dalam Escherichia coli DH5α sehingga dihasilkan vektor rekombinan pCAMBIA-Osdep1-Tc. Vektor rekombinan kemudian dielektroporasi ke A. tumefaciens dan ditransformasi ke kalus embriogenik padi. Aktivitas GUS pada kalus berhasil dideteksi 3 hari setelah infeksi dengan A. tumefaciens. Analisis PCR kalus transforman menunjukkan bahwa gen hptI berhasil terintegrasi dengan stabil pada kelima kalus uji. ......Research about transformation of Osdep1-Tc gene into rice calli cv. Taipei 309 using Agrobacterium tumefaciens had been done. Transformation of Osdep1-Tc was carried out using A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404, harbored recombinant plasmid pCAMBIA1301-Osdep1-Tc, which contained a reporter gene (gus), hptI and nptII gene. Osdep1-Tc gene had been cloned previously into the pGEM-T Easy cloning vector. The gene was being subcloned into pCAMBIA 1301 and transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α in order to obtain recombinant vectors pCAMBIA-Osdep1-Tc. Furthermore, the recombinant vectors was electroporated into A. tumefaciens and transformed into rice embryogenic calli. GUS activity in rice calli was detected 3 days after infection with A. tumefaciens. PCR analysis of the transformant calli revealed that all five calli tested showed a succeeded stable integration of hptI gene.