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Abstrak :
disampaikan pada seminar tentang revitalisasi dan reinterpretasi nilai-nilai hukum tidak tertulis dalam pemebentukan dan penemuan hukum

Abstrak :
During the new order era local adat was subjected to a process of cultural erosion due to the priorities accorded national integrations, as well as economic, social and development by the Indonesian government. However, the '90s have witnessed a resurgence of concern with adat as a vehicle for the local peoples' identity and as a mechanism for local government and dispute resolution, trends intensified since the beginning of the reformasi era with its relegitimation of discourse of regional autonomy. This essay presents a case study of these processes among Lindu people of Central Sulawesi, focusing upon how they have managed to reinvigorate their adat as a response to two forms of governmental imposition: 1) the encompassment of their land within a national park (i.e. Taman National Lore Lindu); and 2) the plan to construct a hydroelectric project, which would have forced the loss of land to rising water level and resettlement of the local population. The Lindu people have sought there empowerment of their adat by recasting it as a community resource management system that they argue can lead to greater sustainability of local natural resource than any imposed regimen of national park regulations. With assistance of NGOs such as Yayasan Tanah Merdeka, they have also adopted the discourse of 'indigenous people' to defend their continuing right of inhabitation in their homeland in the face of threatened resettlement. This essay explores the cultural politics of masyarakat adat as 'indigenous people' and the invocation of ecologically sound 'indigenous wisdom' as a warrant for resistance to development programs.

Abstrak :
Peradilan adat adalah salah satu bukti hidupnya penegakan hukum adat di dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Terlepas dari berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan di masa lalu yang berupaya untuk menghapuskan peradilan adat, pada kenyataannya berbagai kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat memiliki pranata sosial yang menjalankan fungsi peradilan sampai dengan saat ini, seperti Saniri Ria Muni pada masyarakat Nuaulu di Pulau Seram, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Melalui studi dokumen hukum, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu bagaimana sejarah serta perkembangan kedudukan dan kewenangan peradilan adat dalam sistem kekuasaan kehakiman Indonesia berdasarkan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang Kekuasaan Kehakiman dan Pemerintahan Daerah atau Desa. Dengan melakukan penelitian sosio-legal seperti wawancara dan observasi di Negeri (Desa) Nua Nea dan Negeri Sepa, tulisan ini kemudian bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana legitimasi lembaga peradilan adat Saniri Ria Muni dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Nuaulu yang tinggal di dua Negeri tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa peradilan adat tidak memiliki kedudukan dalam pelaksanaan kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia, namun lembaga-lembaga adat diberikan kewenangan untuk melaksanakan fungsi penyelesaian sengketa oleh berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dan Pemerintahan Desa sebagai bentuk pelaksanaan hak otonomi “Desa”.  Terkait dengan legitimasi Saniri Ria Muni, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa masyarakat Nuaulu memiliki kepatuhan yang tinggi terhadap putusan-putusan peradilan adat, di antaranya, karena masyarakat melihat bahwa penegak hukum mampu memberikan hasil yang diharapkan, diberikan hak untuk bersuara dan menunjukkan bukti, dan penegak hukum memperlakukan para pihak yang terlibat secara terhormat dan mendengarkan serta mempertimbangkan penjelasan mereka yang dapat dipercaya. ......Indigenous juridical system is one proof of the persistence of indigenous/customary laws enforcement in Indonesia. Despite laws and regulations implemented in the past aiming for its abolishment, in reality hitherto many indigenous communities have social institutions that function like a court, for example the Saniri Ria Muni of the Nuaulu community in Seram Island, Central Maluku District. Through documentary legal research, this paper aims to explore the history and development of the position and authority granted to indigenous juridical systems in the Indonesian juridical power system by legal documents on juridical power and regional autonomy. By conducting a socio-legal research in Negeri (village) Nua Nea and Negeri Sepa, this paper continues to seek and analyze the legitimacy of the Saniri Ria Muni as an indigenous juridical court in the lives of the Nuaulu community residing in both said villages. The findings of this research shows that indigenous juridical system or courts do not have a legally regulated position in the Indonesian juridical power system, however indigenous institutions are given the authority to resolve disputes by legal documents on regional or village autonomy as a form of their rights. In regards to the legitimacy of Saniri Ria Muni, this research found that the people of Nuaulu have a strong degree of compliance to its decisions because, among others, the society perceives that the authorities were able to provide desired outcomes, allow people to speak and present evidence, and treat people with dignity and respect to explain judgments that they are trustworthy.