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"Berbagai macam penelitian yang dilakukan di dunia untuk mempelajari efek label Front-of-Package Traffic Light FOP TL terhadap daya terima dan pemahaman. Meskipun demikian, studi mengenai daya terima serta pengaruh dari label FOP TL terhadap pemahaman informasi di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya terima dan kemampuan untuk memahami informasi gizi dengan menggunakan label FOP TL pada kelompok dewasa muda. Terdapat sebanyak 18 orang karyawan di TK Lentera Insan, Depok, Jawa Barat yang menjadi subjek penelitian. Pengukuran pemahaman awal dilakukan sebelum intervensi dengan menggunakan imaginary packaging produk kemasan yogurt, mie instan, dan wafer. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pemberian perlakuan berupa dua kali sesi edukasi cara menggunakan dan membaca label FOP TL. Satu minggu setelah sesi edukasi terakhir dilakukan pengukuran daya terima pemahaman dengan menggunakan label FOP TL yang terdapat pada imaginary packaging kategori produk kemasan yang sama. Perbedaan pemahaman antara pre-test dan post-test dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired t-test. Label FOP TL memiliki daya terima yang tinggi. Label FOP TL mampu membantu konsumen untuk memahami informasi gizi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan label nutrition facts panel NFP dibuktikan dengan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada kategori nutrition label use task yang lebih kompleks p

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Several studies have investigated the effect of Front of Package Traffic Light FOP TL on consumers acceptability and understanding. Nevertheless, there is lack of study focus on consumer friendliness and comprehension of FOP TL in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to identify acceptability and understanding using FOP TL among young adults. A total of 18 young adults whose work status as full timer employee in Pre School Lentera Insan at Depok, West Java were recruited. Baseline data of objective understanding were measured prior intervention by displaying imaginary packaging of 3 different product categories yogurt, instant noodles, and wafer, which designed for this study, varying in nutritional value. Afterwards, subjects received weekly education session for 2 weeks about how to use and read FOP TL label. A week after the last education session, subjects were asked about their acceptability and nutrition label understanding of FOP TL were measured by displaying the same category of products. The mean differences in score between pre test and post test were evaluated with paired t test. FOP TL received high score for consumer friendliness. Traffic Light label help consumer to understand the information in nutrition label better than nutrition facts panel NFP showed by significant differences in more complex nutrition label use task."

"Study program S1 Existension and communication Agriculture (S1 PKP) in Universitas Terbuka (UT) has been opened since 2004 and until December 2006 has already graduated 514 alumni. The alumni resides all over Indonesia hence calling for a tracer study. In addition, it is also perceived important to obtain the alumni 's perception about curriculum of the study program . This article discusses characteristics of the alumni current accoupation , community acceptance, benefits the alumni gain after graduating from S1 PKP and roles of S1 PKP on alumni's professional development. Concerning relatively small number of alumni, all of the 514 alumni were included in the research while data were collected by questionnares. Return rate of the questionnaire was 48,2 % which regarded high in UT which commanly see around 30% return rate. The data show that curriculum of S1 PKP is generally suit the needs of extension workers although there is a need to update the curricullum regularly in order to catch up with the advancement in technology development as well as to fulfill higher community needs. In addition, the education in S1 PKP is stated to be able to increase communication and negotation skills of the alumni. "

"ABSTRAKPT.Z perusahaan jasa memiliki aktivitas usaha yang berkaitan dengan payrollservices. Pelunasan pajak penghasilan dalam tahun berjalan utamanya dilakukanmelalui withholding tax system atau potong pungut. Penelitian akan menelitiefektivitas dan akseptabilitas perencanaan pajak melalui withholding tax atas PPh21 dan PPh 23. Alternatif yang tersedia adalah PPh 21 dipotong atas gaji kotordan atas gaji bersih. Sementara pembebasan pemotongan PPh 23 lebih kepadakemampuan perusahaan memanfaatkan fasilitas yang disediakan undang-undang.Efektivitas perencanaan pajak PT.Z diukur menggunakan indikator likuiditas danbeban pajak. Penelitian ini juga akan menganalisis akseptabilitas perencanaanpajak. Ukuran akseptabilitas ini adalah dapat diterima baik oleh otoritas pajakyang berarti tidak melanggar ketentuan perpajakan yang berlaku. Penelitianbersifat kualitatif deskriptif dengan menganalisis data perusahaan dan pendapatdari pihak konsultan pajak, pihak otoritas pajak serta akademisi perpajakan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pajak PT.Z sudah efektif danacceptable dengan likuiditas yang meningkat dan beban pajak lebih kecil, tidakbertentangan dengan aturan perpajakan yang berlaku dan didukung pembukuandan bukti-bukti. Namun ada risiko bisnis menyangkut jumlah pajak yang ditagihke pengguna jasa dengan jumlah yang dibayar ke kas negara tidak sama. Untukmeningkatkan efektivitas, pengajuan fasilitas pembebasan pemotongan PPh 23diajukan lebih awal. Sementara meningkatkan akseptabilitas, PT.Z perlumenyusun kontrak yang mengikat antara PT.Z dengan pengguna jasa menyangkutklausul gross up PPh 21 lebih baik menggunakan istilah tunjangan pajak.

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ABSTRACTPT.Z as a service company has business activities that are closely related topayroll services. The settlement of income tax in the current year is mainly donethrough the withholding tax system, ie authorizing third parties to deduct andcollect taxable taxes.The reserch will examine the effectiveness of tax planning through withholdingtax on PPh 21 and PPh 23. The available alternative is PPh 21 deducted ongross salary and nett salary. While the withholding of Income Tax 23 is more tothe company's ability to utilize the facilities provided by the law. Measuring theeffectiveness of tax planning, the authors use liquidity indicators and tax burden.The research will analyze the acceptability of tax planning. The indicator of thisacceptability is acceptable by both parties, tax authorities and tax payer whichmeans that it fit with the applicable taxation rules.This research is qualitative descriptive by analyzing company data and opinionsfrom the tax consultant, the tax authorities and academics in the field of taxation.The results showed that PT.Z tax planning has been effective and acceptable,with increasing liquidity indicator and smaller tax burden, not contradictory toapplicable taxation rules and supported by bookkeeping and evidences.There is abusiness risk with relating of the difference Suggestion of increasingeffectiveness, applying for facility of exemption of withholding of Income Tax 23is proposed earlier. Meanwhile, to improve acceptability, PT.Z needs to prepareeditorial contracts binding between PT.Z and service users regarding the termsof gross up of PPh 21 by using tax allowance."

"Sejak tahun 2021, Indonesia telah memasuki struktur penduduk tua dengan persentase lansia sudah mencapai lebih dari 10 persen (BPS, 2022). Dalam tiga tahun terakhir unmet need pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia lebih banyak dialami oleh penduduk lansia dibandingkan penduduk muda dan mengalami peningkatan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Unit analisis yang digunakan adalah lansia 60 tahun ke atas yang mengalami keluhan kesehatan dan mengganggu kegiatan sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kecenderungan lansia mengalami unmet need availability dan accessibility serta unmet need acceptability pelayanan kesehatan sebelum dan masa pandemi Covid-19. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini Susenas Maret dan Podes tahun 2019 dan 2021. Hasil regresi multinomial menunjukkan tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga dan kepesertaan JKN lansia berpengaruh negatif terhadap terjadinya unmet need artinya semakin tinggi tingkat kesejahteraan lansia dan kepesertaan JKN cenderung mengalami unmet need availability dan accessibility serta unmet need acceptability yang lebih rendah dibandingkan lansia termiskin (Q1) dan bukan peserta JKN. Selain itu pelayanan kesehatan puskesmas terutama di perdesaan yang belum berfungsi secara maksimal menyebabkan kecenderungan unmet need availability dan accessibility lebih tinggi pada lansia yang ada puskesmas di wilayah tempat tinggalnya dibanding yang tidak ada. Berdasarkan karakteristik, lansia lebih muda, berstatus kawin, tingal bersama pasangan atau anggota rumah tangga lainnya, wilayah perkotaan dan tidak disabilitas kecenderungan unmet need availability dan accessibility serta unmet need acceptability lebih rendah. Sementara, lansia bekerja kecenderungan unmet need acceptability lebih tinggi, sedangkan kecenderungan unmet need availability dan accessibility lebih rendah dibanding lansia tidak bekerja. Terakhir lansia berpendidikan tinggi kecenderungan unmet need acceptability lebih tinggi dibandingkan lansia pendidikan rendah. Hasil deskriptif menunjukkan pada saat pandemi Covid-19 unmet need acceptability lebih tinggi dibandingkan lansia pendidikan rendah. Hasil deskriptif menunjukkan pada saat pandemi Covid-19 unmet need acceptability mengalami peningkatan, sedangkan unmet need availability dan accessibility mengalami penurunan. Lansia yang lebih rentan terpapar Covid-19 menyebabkan takut ke faskes, melakukan pengobatan sendiri dengan membeli obat di apotek dan ketika penyakit belum parah tidak merasa perlu ke faskes sehingga unmet need acceptability tinggi di saat pandemi.

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Since 2021, Indonesia has entered ageing population with the percentage of elderly more than 10 percent (BPS, 2022). The last three years, unmet need for health services in Indonesia has been experienced more by elderly than by young and has increased during the Covid-19 pandemic. The unit of analysis used is the elderly aged 60 years and over who experience health complaints and interfere with daily activities. The aim of this research is to determine the tendency of elderly people to experience unmet need availability and accessibility as well as unmet need acceptability of health services before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data used in this study are Susenas March and Podes in 2019 and 2021. Multinomial regression results show that household welfare level and JKN membership in the elderly have a negative effect on the occurrence of unmet need, meaning that the higher the level of elderly welfare and JKN membership, the tendency of unmet need for availability, accessibility and acceptability is lower than the poorest elderly (Q1) and non-JKN participants. In addition, puskesmas health services, especially in rural areas, which have not functioned optimally, cause the tendency of unmet need availability and accessibility to be higher in the elderly where there is a puskesmas in the area where they live than where there is none. Based on characteristics, the elderly are younger, married, live with a partner or other household members, in urban areas and are not disabled, the tendency is for unmet need availability and accessibility and unmet need acceptability to be lower. Meanwhile, the working elderly have a higher tendency of unmet need acceptability, while the tendency of unmet need availability and accessibility is lower than the non-working elderly. Lastly, older with higher levels of education tend to have a higher unmet need acceptability than older adults with lower levels of education. Descriptive results show that during the Covid-19 pandemic unmet need acceptability has increased, while unmet need availability and accessibility have decreased. Elderly who are more vulnerable to Covid-19 are afraid to go to health facilities, self-medicate by buying medicine at the pharmacy and when their illness is not severe, they feel no need to go to health facilities so that the acceptability of unmet need is higher during the pandemic."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Data demografi dan survey kesehatan dunia mengemukakan bahwa 92-98% perempuan tidak ingin hamil dalam 2 tahun pertama setelah persalinan, dan 66,5% ingin menggunakan kontrasepsi dengan unmet need 40%. Kontrasepsi pascasalin yang dapat diandalkan, efektif, dan jangka panjang seperti Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) sangat dibutuhkan.Tujuan: Mengevaluasi penerimaan, efektivitas dan efek samping AKDR pascaplasenta pada persalinan pervaginam di RSCM selama periode 6 bulansetelah pemakaian.Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan disain kohort prospektif. Semua subjek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian, dilakukan pemasangan AKDR Cu T380A pascaplasenta dan dicatat hingga mencapai jumlah sampel yang dibutuhkan.Penelitian dilakukan di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta periode Agustus – Oktober 2012. Penerimaan, efektivitas dan efek samping termasuk angka ekspulsi dinilai pada kunjungan 40-42 hari pascasalin dan 6 bulan kemudian.Hasil: Jumlah total subjek 234 orang, dengan 19,2% tidak datang pada kunjungan ulang pertama dan kedua. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada karakteristik subjek yang datang maupun tidak datang pada kunjungan ulang. Pada kunjungan I, 5,1% subjek mengalami ekspulsi dan 4,5 % subjek melakukan pelepasan AKDR. Pada kunjungan II, didapatkan 7,5% ekspulsi dan 4,8% subjek melepasAKDR di luar RS. Dari keseluruhan tersebut terdapat 8,5% yang bersedia dipasang ulang. Efektivitas AKDR mencapai 100% dengan 68,9% subjek masih menyusui hingga 6 bulan. Ekspulsi total pada kunjungan I dan kunjungan II adalah 4,1% dan 0,6%, sedangkan ekspulsi parsial adalah 1% dan 6,9%. Efek samping tersering lainnya adalah keputihan (23%), nyeri haid (4-21%) danperdarahan bercak (2-10%).Kesimpulan: Penerimaan dan efektivitas selama 6 bulan adalah 86,8% dan 100%.Efek samping ekspulsi secara kumulatif selama 6 bulan adalah 12,6%, dengan efek samping lain seperti keputihan, nyeri haid dan perdarahan bercak

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ABSTRAK Background: Current world demographics and health surveys show that 92-98% of women want to delay their future pregnancy for at least 2 years after giving birth. A majority (66,5%) of these mothers require contraception of which 40% are unmet (unmet needs).The Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) can be a reliable, effective long term option to fulfill these unmet needsObjectives: To evaluate the acceptability, effctivity and side effects of Postplacental IUCD after vaginal delivery at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital after 6 months period of insertionMethods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study, Subjects were recruited in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta at August-October 2012.Postplacental IUCD was inserted intu the subjects’ uterus until it reached the fundus. The data for acceptibility, effectivty and side effects, including the expulsion rate was obtained at 40-42 days and 6 months after delivery.Result: A total of 234 women were included in this study, with 19,2% loss of follow up. There is no significant difference on subjects’ characteristics who came and loss of follow up in this study. At the first follow up, 5,1% subjectsexperienced IUCD expulsion, and 4,5% had the IUCD removed by request. On the second follow up, expulsion was found in 7,5% of the subjects and 4,8% had the IUCD removed by request or outside our hospital. Eight and a half percent of those subjects were willing to receive IUCD reinsertion. The IUCD effectivity in six months follow up was 100%, with 68,9% of the subjects were still breastfeeding at 6 months after delivery. Total expulsion rate on first follow up compared to 6 months follow up was 4,1% and 0,6%, and the partial expulsion was 1% and 6,9%. The most common side effects were vaginal discharge (23%), dysmenorea (4-21%), and spotting (2-10%).Conclusion: The acceptability and effectivity of postplacental IUCD after 6 months were 86,8% and 100%. Cummulative expulsion rate after 6 months were 12,6%, and the most common other side effects were vaginal discharge, dysmenorea, and spotting"