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Abstrak :
Before lesbianism became a specific identity category in the West, its mere suggestion functioned as a powerful source of scandal in early twentieth-century British and Anglo-American culture. Reconsidering notions of the 'invisible' or 'apparitional' lesbian, Jodie Medd argues that lesbianism's representational instability, and the scandals it generated, rendered it an influential force within modern politics, law, art and the literature of modernist writers like James Joyce, Ezra Pound and Virginia Woolf. Medd's analysis draws on legal proceedings and parliamentary debates as well as crises within modern literary production - patronage relations, literary obscenity and cultural authority - to reveal how lesbian suggestion forced modern political, cultural and literary institutions to negotiate their own identities, ideals and limits. Medd's text will be of great interest to scholars and graduate students in gender and women's studies, modernist literary studies and English literature.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tesis berupa kritik terjemahan audiovisual ini membandingkan kesepadanan makna kesantunan berbahasa dalam subtitle serial TV Sherlock, A Scandal in Belgravia versi VCD dan Internet. Jenis kesantunan berbahasa yang dianalisis terbatas pada politeness markers, play-downs dan committers. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan ancangan sosiopragmatik dan terjemahan fungsional. Temuan dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah (1) situasi komunikasi TSu berbeda dengan TSa sehingga kesenjangan tidak dapat dihindari. Sementara itu, motif komunikasi antara kedua penyusun subtitle juga berbeda. Penyusun subtitle versi VCD didasari motif komersial sedangkan versi Internet didasari motif hobi. (2) penyusun subtitle menggunakan berbagai strategi dan prosedur penerjemahan untuk menghasilkan terjemahan yang sesuai dengan skopos penerjemahan,strategi skopos yang didominasi oleh strategi komunikatif merupakan strategi yang paling tepat digunakan dalam penerjemahan audiovisual, (3) struktur tuturan TSu berubah dalam TSa demi menyampaikan makna kesantunan yang antara TSu dan TSa. (4) berdasarkan perhitungan keakuratan subtitle versi Internet adalah 99,02% dan versi internet adalah 96,91% dan persentase tuturan dengan tingkat keterbacaan tinggi versi Internet adalah 66,70% dan versi VCD adalah 39,70%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kualitas subtitle serial TV Sherlock, episode A Scandal in Belgravia versi internet lebih baik daripada versi VCD.

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ABSTRACT
This Thesis is a translation criticism compared audiovisual translation equivalence within the meaning of politeness in subtitles over Sherlock TV series, A Scandal in Belgravia both VCD and the iinternet version. The type of politeness analyzed was limited to politeness markers, play-downs and committers. This research was conducted by sociopragmatics and functional translation approach. The findings of this research was (1) the difference of commucation situation ST and TT producing the gap that could not be avoided. Meanwhile, the motives of communication between the two subtitlers were also different. Subtitler for VCD version based commercial motives while Internet version based on hobby. (2) The suntitler used a variety of strategies and procedures to produce translation, scopos strategy dominated by communicative strategy is most appropriate strategy used in audiovisual translation, (3) the utterance?s structure changed in the TT in order to convey the meaning of politeness from ST. (4) based on the accuracy calculation, Internet version was 99,02% dan VCD version was 96,91%. Based on the readibility, Internet version was 66,70% dan VCD version was 39,70%. In Summary, the quality of subtitle internet version in serial TV Sherlock, A Scandal in Belgravia was better than VCD version;This Thesis is a translation criticism compared audiovisual translation equivalence within the meaning of politeness in subtitles over Sherlock TV series, A Scandal in Belgravia both VCD and the iinternet version. The type of politeness analyzed was limited to politeness markers, play-downs and committers. This research was conducted by sociopragmatics and functional translation approach. The findings of this research was (1) the difference of commucation situation ST and TT producing the gap that could not be avoided. Meanwhile, the motives of communication between the two subtitlers were also different. Subtitler for VCD version based commercial motives while Internet version based on hobby. (2) The suntitler used a variety of strategies and procedures to produce translation, scopos strategy dominated by communicative strategy is most appropriate strategy used in audiovisual translation, (3) the utterance?s structure changed in the TT in order to convey the meaning of politeness from ST. (4) based on the accuracy calculation, Internet version was 99,02% dan VCD version was 96,91%. Based on the readibility, Internet version was 66,70% dan VCD version was 39,70%. In Summary, the quality of subtitle internet version in serial TV Sherlock, A Scandal in Belgravia was better than VCD version, This Thesis is a translation criticism compared audiovisual translation equivalence within the meaning of politeness in subtitles over Sherlock TV series, A Scandal in Belgravia both VCD and the iinternet version. The type of politeness analyzed was limited to politeness markers, play-downs and committers. This research was conducted by sociopragmatics and functional translation approach. The findings of this research was (1) the difference of commucation situation ST and TT producing the gap that could not be avoided. Meanwhile, the motives of communication between the two subtitlers were also different. Subtitler for VCD version based commercial motives while Internet version based on hobby. (2) The suntitler used a variety of strategies and procedures to produce translation, scopos strategy dominated by communicative strategy is most appropriate strategy used in audiovisual translation, (3) the utterance’s structure changed in the TT in order to convey the meaning of politeness from ST. (4) based on the accuracy calculation, Internet version was 99,02% dan VCD version was 96,91%. Based on the readibility, Internet version was 66,70% dan VCD version was 39,70%. In Summary, the quality of subtitle internet version in serial TV Sherlock, A Scandal in Belgravia was better than VCD version]