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Abstrak :
The Caribbean before Columbus is a new synthesis of the regions insular history on multiple scales: temporal, spatial, local, regional, environmental, social, and political. It combines the results of the authors 55 years of archaeological research with that of their colleagues. For the first time the complete histories of the major islands and island groups are elucidated, and new insights are gained through inter-island comparisons. The concepts of series and ages provide structure, but historical names, such as Taíno and Lucayan, are avoided. The authors challenge the conventional wisdom concerning island colonization, societal organization, interaction and transculturation, and other basic elements of cultural development and change. The emphasis is on elements that unite the Bahamas, Lesser Antilles, and Greater Antilles as a culture area, and also on their divergent pathways. Colonization is presented as a multifaceted wave-like process. Continuing ties to the surrounding mainland are highlighted. Interactions between residents and new colonists are recognized. New solutions are offered to the Huecoid problem, the Carib problem, the Taíno problem, and the evolution of social complexity, especially in Puerto Rico. These solutions required a rethinking of social organization and its expression on the landscape.

Abstrak :
Martinique and Guadeloupe voted to become overseas departments of France, or DOMs, in 1946, eschewing the trend toward national independence movements during the post-World War II years. For Antilleans, this was the natural culmination of a centuries-long quest for equality with France and a means of overcoming the entrenched political and economic power of the white minority on the islands, the békés. Disappointment with departmentalization set in quickly, however, as the promised equality was slow in coming and Antillean contributions to the war went unrecognized. Champions of departmentalization such as Aime Cesaire argued that the race-blind Republic was far from universal and egalitarian. The French government struggled to stem unrest in a growing population in the Antilles through economic development, tourism, and immigration to the metropole where labor was in short supply. Antilleans fought against racial and gender stereotypes imposed on them by European French and sought to both stem the tide of white metropolitan workers arriving in the Antilles and make better lives for their families in France. Although departmentalization has been criticized as a weak alternative to national independence, the vote was overwhelmingly popular among Antilleans at the time, and such disappointment reflects more on the broken promises of assimilation rather than the misguided nature of the vote itself.

Abstrak :
From Empire to Humanity: The American Revolution and the Origins of Humanitarianism tells the story of a generation of American and British activists who transformed humanitarianism as they adjusted to being foreigners in the wake of the American Revolution. In the decades before the Revolution, Americans and Britons shared an imperial approach to charitable activity. Growing up in the increasingly integrated British Atlantic world, future activists from the British Isles, North America, and the Caribbean developed expansive outlooks and connections. For budding doctors, this was especially true. American independence put an end their common imperial humanitarianism but not their transatlantic ties, their far-reaching visions, or their belief that philanthropy was a tool of statecraft and reconciliation. In the postwar years, with doctor-activists at the forefront, they collaborated in medical philanthropy, antislavery, prison reform, poor relief, educational charities, and more. The nature of their cooperation, however, had changed. No longer members of the same polity, the erstwhile compatriots adopted a universal approach to their beneficence as they reimagined bonds with people who were now legal strangers. The basis of renewed cooperation, universal benevolence could also be a source of tension. With the new wars at the end of the century, activists optimistic cosmopolitanism waned while their practices endured.