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Abstrak :
Research was conducted in Gaung Anak Serka River Sub - Province Indragiri Hilir in October till Januari 2008 as a mean to know status of quality of teritoral water of Gaung Anak Serka River evaluated from physics and chemical parameter, and community structure of makrozoobenthos. The methods used of survey and intake of sampel taken twice, in each station of sample taken at 3 dots at random. Research station consist of; station 1 (GAS river estuary), station 2 (Teluk Pinang), station 3 (Dusun Murni), station 4 (Teluk Pantaian), station 5 (Sungai Iliran), station 6 (Teluk Sungka), Station 7 (Tuasan),station 8 (Dusun Pergam), station 9 (Sungai Empat) and station 10 (Rambaian). Data has taken of quality of water either throughphysics and chemical parameter and also makrozoobenthos. Data of exsitu analysed in Laboratory Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science of Riau University. Quality of physics water parameters (tempaerature, brightness, current flow) sill normal in a condition according to PP.82. year 2001, except brightness for station resideng in part of downstream (station 1-5) have passed normal still. Chemical parameters (pH,DO.TSS.COD.BOD,Nitrate and fospat) also stay in normal gyration. While, organism of macrozoobenthos found in river consist of 6 set of relatives, 5 class and 6 ordo. Set of relatives consist of Tucideae, chironomideae, Baetidae, Ctenodrillidae. Donacidae and Nassariidae. Class covers oligochaeta, insecta ,polychaeta,Pelecypoda and Gastropoda. Ordo Nematoda, Doptera Ephemerptera, Ctenodrilida, veneridae and Neagastropoda. Types of Macrozoobenthos are Tubifek sp, Sp Chironomous, Baetis Sp , Ctenodrillus Serratus and Cyclop neritae.

Abstrak :
A water quality evalution was done on 30 (thirty) rivers of Indonesia. Analysis was based on measurement results collected by the ministry for the environment and the Research Centre for Water Resources from 2000 up to 2005, whereas eavaluation was implemented according to the STORET method and Government Regulation No. 82/ 2001 on Water quality management and water pollution control....

Abstrak :
Tukad Badung merupakan salah satu sungai utama di Propinsi Bali yang mengalir di tengah-tengah Kota Denpasar. Tukad Badung memiliki panjang aliran ± 21 km, berhulu di Desa Lukluk Kecamatan Mengwi Kabupaten Badung dan bermuara di daerah Teluk Benoa (Estuary Dam), Desa Pemogan, Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan. Daerah Aliran Tukad Badung diperkirakan sekitar 29,23 km2 dengan debit rata-rata 2,39 m3/dt di musim kemarau dan 3,04 m3/dt di musim hujan. Desa/kelurahan yang ada di sekitar daerah aliran Tukad Badung adalah 12 desa/kelurahan, dengan jumlah penduduk sebesar 143.476 jiwa. Sejalan dengan perkembangan penduduk dan ekonomi, maka berkembang pula berbagai aktivitas penduduk/masyarakat di sekitar Tukad Badung, yang pada akhirnya dapat mempengaruhi kondisi kualitas dan kuantitas air Tukad Badung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi perubahan kualitas air Tukad Badung akibat adanya berbagai aktivitas masyarakat di sekitar daerah aliran Tukad Badung dan juga untuk mengetahui bagaimana berbagai aktivitas masyarakat itu dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air Tukad Badung. Berdasarkan karakteristik sistem pengelolaan limbah cair di sepanjang daerah aliran Tukad Badung dan observasi awal, maka dapat diklasifikasikan berbagai aktivitas masyarakat yang ada di sepanjang daerah aliran Tukad Badung menjadi 9 (sembilan) kelompok aktivitas masyarakat, yaitu; aktivitas rumah sakit, aktivitas hotel, pasar, bengkel, pertanian, peternakan, industri pencelupan/sablon, industri tahu/tempe, dan aktivitas rumah tangga. Selanjutnya untuk menentukan lokasi daerah sampel, sasaran responden dan jumlah sampel/responden, digunakan metode purposive qouta sampling. Guna dapat melihat hubungan yang terjadi dilakukan uji statistik non parametric rank spearman terhadap variabel pandangan (pola pikir), variabel kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah cair dan variabel indeks mutu kualitas air (IMKA). Untuk dapat mengetahui kondisi kualitas air Tukad Badung secara umum dalam kategori sangat baik, baik, sedang, buruk, dan sangat buruk, digunakan metode National Sanitation Foundation-Water Quality Index (Ott, 1978). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandangan (pola pikir) tentang Tukad Badung dari berbagai aktivitas masyarakat di seluruh segmen sungai (hulu, tengah, dan hilir) didominasi oleh pandangan atau pola pikir yang berkategori baik, sedang, dan buruk. Sedangkan untuk kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah cairnya, rata-rata didominasi oleh kondisi yang berkategori buruk. Bila dihubungkan dengan uji statistik antara variabel pandangan (pola pikir) tentang Tukad Badung dengan kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah cair yang dimiliki oleh berbagai aktivitas masyarakat, ternyata terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan positif. Demikian pula antara variabel kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah cair dari berbagai aktivitas masyarakat dengan nilai indeks kualitas air (IMKA) Tukad Badung, ternyata terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan positif. Berdasarkan hasil pehelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1. Kualitas air Tukad Badung diduga telah mengalami penurunan dari tahun 1998-2002. Pada tahun 2002, nilai indeks mutu kualitas air di daerah aliran bagian hulu Tukad Badung (segmen 1) berkategori sedang, di daerah aliran bagian tengah (segmen 2) berkategori buruk, dan di daerah aliran bagian hilir (segmen 3) berkategori buruk pula. 2. Kualitas air sungai Tukad Badung yang buruk akibat dari pandangan (pola pikir) yang salah tentang Tukad Badung sehingga mempengaruhi kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah cairnya. Dari berbagai aktivitas masyarakat yang ada di sepanjang sungai Tukad Badung pada umumnya kondisi sistem pengelolaan limbah cair (SPLC) berkategori buruk dan sangat buruk.

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Tukad Badung river is one of main rivers in Bali Province, which flows in the middle of Denpasar City. Tukad Badung has a flow ± 21 km long, upstream at Lukluk Village, Mengwi Sub-District, Badung District and estuary into Teluk Benoa of Pemogan Village, South Denpasar Sub-District. Tukad Badung is estimated to have 29.23 km2 flowing area with water capacity rate of 2.39 m3/sec during dry season and 3.04 m3/sec during rainy season. Villages around Tukad Badung flowing area involving 12 villages, with total population of 143,476 persons. As population and economic grow, community activities various around Tukad Badung also increases, which are finally could affect both quality and quantity of Tukad Badung water. This research aims to identify changes occur on Tukad Badung water quality due to activities performed by communities surrounding Tukad Badung flowing area and to understand effects of such community activities various on Tukad Badung water quality. Based on characteristics of liquid waste management system applied along Tukad Badung flowing area and initial observation, then community activities various around Tukad Badung flowing area could be classified into 9 (nine), including: hospital, hotel, market, workshop, agriculture, ranch, dipping industry, tofu/tempe industry, and household activities. Furthermore, to determine sample area, respondents? target, and number of sample/respondents, purposive quota sampling method is applied. In order to see the relationships occur, statistics test using spearman non parametric rank is conducted on perspective, liquid waste management system, and water quality index (IMKA) variables. To understand quality of Tukad Badung water in terms of general categories involving excellent, good, average, poor, and extremely poor, National Sanitation Foundation-Water Quality Index (Ott, 1978) is used. > Research results reveal that perspective on Tukad Badung based on community activities in all river segments (upper, middle, down streams) is dominated by good, average, and poor perspectives. Whereas for the liquid waste management system, poor perspective is dominant. Relating statistics test between perspective variable on Tukad Badung and liquid waste management system variable used during community activities reveals significant and positive correlation. Similarly, liquid waste management system conditions of community activities variable and Tukad Badung water quality index (IMKA) variable also have significant and positive correlation. Based on research results and discussion, it could be concluded that: 1. Tukad Badung water quality is predicted as has decreased compared to of 1998-2002 period. During 2002, water quality index score of upper stream area (segment 1) of Tukad Badung was categorized into average, of middle stream area (segment 2) was categorized into poor, and of down stream area (segment 3) was categorized into poor as well. 2. Low quality of Tukad Badung water is caused by wrong perspective developed concerning Tukad Badung that affected its liquid waste management system conditions. 4. Community activities various along Tukad Badung flow area generally have poor and extremely poor categories for their liquid waste management system conditions.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Sagu (Metroxylon sp) merupakan sumber karbohidrat yang cukup potensial, dan merupakan salah satu sumber daya hayati yang lestari (renewable) dan mempunyai prospek yang dapat membantu memecahkan masalah pangan dan energi. Industri pengolahan sagu yang terdapat di Kabupaten Bogor Propinsi Jawa Barat umumnya berkapasitas antara 300 ? 400 kg tepung sagu kering setiap harinya. Untuk mendapatkan tepung tersebut dibutuhkan air sebanyak 41.943,5 liter. Sebanyak 14.335,9 liter terbuang merupakan air buangan sisa pengolahan sagu, dam sebanyak 0.420,9 liter air terbawa bersama ampas dan terbawa bersama pati sebanyak 24.543,6 liter. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh air buangan industri sagu terhadap kualitas badan air penerima, dilakukan analisis laboratorium di Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri Hasil Pertanian Bogor. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pencemaran terjadi serta dilaksanakan pada musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Analisis statistikk untuk mengolah data dilakukan dengan metode Uji Beda dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji T. Hasil analisis air buangan sisa industri pengolahan sagu tidak memperlihatkan adanya unsur beracun atau kandungan logam, beberapa parameter memperlihatkan nilai yang cukup tinggi seperti Daya Hantar Listrik (DHL) 847,0 mikromhos per cm, Kebutuhan Oksigen Kimia (COD) BB4,6 mg/liter, Kebutuhan Oksigen Biokima (BOD) 582,2 mg/liter dan padatan tersuspensi 808,0 mg/liter. Parameter lainnya memperlihatkan nilai yang kecil dibawah nilai baku mutu air limbah. Dengan tingginya nilai BOD dan COD diperkirakan air buangan sisa industri dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air sungai tersebut. Hasil analisis kualitas air sungai Cikasungka yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji statistik menunjukkan adanya beda nyata beberapa parameter di musim kemarau seperti COD, Alkalinitas, Salinitas dan Kesadahan, sedangkan parameter lainnya tidak tidak memperlihatklan perbedaan nyata. Pada musim hujan parameter BOD, COD, SAR dan Salinitas memperlihatkan perbedaan nyata sedangkan lainnya tidak memperlihatkan perbedaan yang nyata, bahkan beberapa parameter tidak dapat dibedakan karena nilainya kecil. Sungai Cidurian memperlihatkan adanya perbedaan nyata antara sebelum terjadi pencemaran dengan sesudah adanya pencemaran pada parameter Oksigen terlarut (DO) dan zat padat total pada musim hujan, sedangkan di musim kemarau hanya parameter DOD yang memeperlihatkan perbedaan nyata. Parameter lainnya tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antara sebelum dan sesudah terjadinya pencemaran, bahkan beberapa parameter tidak dapat dibedakan karena nilai yang didapat kecil. Dari hasil Analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa air buangan industri sagu pada waktu masuk ke badan air penerima dapat menimbulkan pencemaran terlihat dari tingginya nilai DOD dan COD. Pencemaran yang ditimbulkan air buangan sisa pengalahan sagu tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas badan air yang diperuntukkan bagi keperluan pertanian dan perikanan. Walaupun demikian tidaklah berarti air buangan dapat dibuang begitu saja ke perairan karena air sungai tersebut juga merupakan sumber air minum bagi masyarakat banyak.

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ABSTRACT Sago (Metroxylon sp) is a potential carbohydrate resources and one of renewable resources that could solve food and energy problem. In Bogor, West Java, capacity of the sago processing industries are usually between 300 - 400 kg dry sago starch per day. To produce this amount of sago starch, 41.943,5 liters of water is required where 14.335,9 liters of the water are disposed as liquid waste and B.420,9 liters are discarded together with solid waste. In order to find out the effect of waste water of sago industries to the quality of water stream river, water analysies was carried out at Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industry Hasil Fertanian Bogor. Sample was collected from the Cikasungka river and Cidurian river. From each river sample was taken before and after pollution during the rainy and dry season. Difference test method and T test were used for data analysies. Analysis of waste water taken from the industries before disposed to the river showed that there was no metal and poisonous element found, although some indicators showed high value of DHL (847,0 micromhos/cm), COD (884,6 mg/liter), BOD (582,2 mg/liter) and suspended solid (808,0 mg/liter). The result of water analysis of Cikasungka river during the dry season indicated that there is significant difference among parameters such as COD, Alkalinity, Salinity and Hardness. While in the rain season, parameters, such as BOD,COD,SAR and Salinity showed significant difference for both before and after pollution. Water analysis of Cidurian river during the rainy season showed that there was significant difference between DO and total solid for before and after pollution. In the dry season only BOD content showed significant difference. Due to the high value of BOD and COD it is presumed that sago industry waste water could effect the quality of the river stream water. Based on the standard quality of waste water for Agriculture and Fishery, it is obvious that pollution caused by the waste water of sago industries does not influence the quality of river stream water that is used for Agriculture and Fishery. However this does not mean that sago industries waste water can be discarded directly to the river, because the river is also used as drinking water resources for the people.