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"Kecelakaan berkendara menyebabkan sekitar 1.3 juta orang meninggal dan sekitar 20-50 juta orang mengalami cedera non-fatal setiap tahun nya, salah satu factor utama penyebabnya adalah human error. Komunikasi V2X merupakan salah satu teknologi yang dikembangkan dengan harapan dapat mengurangi kecelakaan akibat human error dan juga diharapkan akan dapat diaplikasikan dalam autonomous driving. Akan tetapi antena untuk komunikasi V2X masih perlu banyak perkembangan dan masih belum banyak dipakai di kendaraan yang sudah beredar di pasar, karena itu penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada bidang ini. Untuk mendapatkan performa sistem yang baik diperlukan antena yang mempunyai kemampuan beamsteering. Pada penelitian ini dibuat antena susun microstrip yang bekerja pada frekuensi 5,9 GHz dan memiliki kemampuan beamsteering yang dapat meningkatkan keandalan dari antena V2X. Berdasarkan hasil yang sudah disimulasikan, antena sudah berhasil bekerja di 5,9 GHz dan memiliki gain yang cukup tinggi di kisaran 8-11 dBi tergantung konfigurasi yang sedang digunakan, simulasi menunjukan kapabilitas beamsteering telah terdapat pada rancangan dan sudah berhasil melakukan pembelokan beam sebanyak 10, 25, dan 40 derajat.

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Road accidents result in approximately 1.3 million fatalities and around 20-50 million non-fatal injuries each year, with human error being a major contributing factor. V2X communication is a technology being developed with the hope of reducing accidents caused by human error and is also expected to be implemented in autonomous driving. However, the development of V2X communication antennas still requires significant advancements, and they are not yet widely used in vehicles currently available in the market. Therefore, this research aims to contribute to this field. To achieve a good system performance, antennas with beamsteering capability are needed. In this study, a microstrip array antenna operating at 5.9 GHz frequency was designed, which possesses beamsteering capability to enhance the reliability of V2X communication. Based on the simulated results, the antenna successfully operated at 5.9 GHz and exhibited a high gain ranging from 8-11 dBi, depending on the configuration used. The simulations demonstrated that the designed antenna has beamsteering capabilities, successfully steering the beam at angles of 10, 25, and 40 degrees."

"This book collects one of the global premier scientific gatherings on telecommunications, signal processing, data networks, security, and optimization. It presents the proceedings of the International Telecommunications Conference 2017 (ITelCon 2017), held in Istanbul, Turkey from December 28 to 29, 2017.The proceedings include state-of-the-art studies that highlight major advances in the field of telecommunications and related branches. In addition, some of the contributions form the basis for 5G and beyond studies and standardization processes.The ITelCon conference brings together industry and academia participants from around the globe and promotes research, development, and applications in the field of telecommunications. It includes a far-reaching program supported by a variety of technical tracks on research, development, technology, design, services, and applications. The primary audience of ITelCon includes academics, experts and professionals from industry, as well as researchers in the field of telecommunications and relevant subfields."

"This book introduces concepts and technologies of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). It describes state of the art safety communication protocol called Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), currently being considered for adoption by the USDOT and automotive industry in the US. However, the principles of this book are applicable even if the underlying physical layer protocol of V2X changes in the future, e.g. V2X changes from DSRC to cellular-based connectivity.Fundamental ITS concepts include topics like global positioning system; Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P), and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communications; human-machine interface; and security and privacy. Fundamental concepts are sometimes followed by the real-life test experimental results (such as in V2P Chapter) and description of the performance metrics used to evaluate the results. This book also describes equations and math used in the development of the individual parts of the system.This book surveys current and previous publications for trending research in the ITS domain. It also covers state of the art standards that are in place for the DSRC in the US, starting from the application layer defined in SAE J2735 all the way to physical layer defined in IEEE 802.11.The authors provide a detailed discussion on what is needed to extend the current standards to accommodate future needs of the vehicle communications, such as needs for future autonomous vehicles. Programs and code examples accompany appropriate chapters, for example, after describing remote vehicle target classification function a pseudo code and description is provided. In addition, the book discusses current topics of the technology such as spectrum sharing, simulation, security, and privacy.The intended audience for this book includes engineering graduate students, automotive professionals/engineers, researchers and technology enthusiasts."