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"The article analyses representations of the natural world in Indonesia and mainland Southeast Asia in a corpus of Polish and Serbian travel writings for the period between the opening of the Suez Canal (1869) and the outbreak of the First World War (1914). The research is based on travel writings by twenty Polish and Serbian authors, who visited Southeast Asia during the period 1869-1914. Scrutinizing a corpus of such narratives should contribute to the study of perceptions of Southeast Asia, especially among travellers from very diverse backgrounds. The theoretical and conceptual framework of the article draws on works by other scholars who have analysed travel writings, imaginative geography, representations of Southeast Asia, and tropicality. The study focuses on four areas: 1) images of the luxuriant tropics, 2) images of the perilous tropics, 3) exploitation of its natural resources, and 4) nature and identity."

"Travel writing (catatan perjalanan) telah menjadi medium dokumentasi bagi para penjelajah Eropa, termasuk dari Belanda, ketika menjelajahi luar Eropa pada abad ke-16 hingga ke-19. Kini travel writing telah diakui sebagai sumber sejarah penting bagi Belanda dan juga wilayah-wilayah yang dikunjungi penjelajah Belanda. Penelitian ini berfokus pada buku Mijn Indische Reis (1931), catatan perjalanan H.P. Berlage ketika di Hindia Belanda pada tahun 1923. Identitas Berlage sebagai orang Barat yang melakukan perjalanan ke Timur menjadi unsur menarik untuk mengkaji bagaimana penilaian Berlage sebagai orang Barat terhadap budaya Hindia Belanda. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan pascakolonial yakni Orientalisme dari Edward Said, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat narasi oposisi biner dalam perbandingan budaya antara Hindia Belanda dengan Barat yang dilakukan oleh Berlage. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan narasi oposisi biner Berlage sehingga identitasnya terekonstruksi di Timur. Ambivalensi narasi oposisi biner di akhir perjalanan Berlage menunjukkan perubahan pandangan orientalis Berlage sebagai orang Barat dengan mengutarakan kritiknya terhadap praktik kolonial yang dilakukan oleh bangsa Belanda. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan Mijn Indische Reis (1931) adalah medium kritik Berlage terhadap pandangan Barat mengenai Timur

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Travel writing has become a medium of documentation for European explorers, including those from the Netherlands when exploring outside Europe in the 16th to 19th centuries. Now travel writing has been recognized as an important historical source for the Netherlands and also for the regions visited by Dutch explorers. This research focuses on the book Mijn Indische Reis (1931), a travel writing of H.P. Berlage while in the Dutch East Indies in 1923. Berlage's identity as a Westerner who traveled to the East is a unique element in examining how Berlage as a Westerner assessed Dutch Indies culture. By using a postcolonial theoretical approach, namely Orientalism by Edward Said, this research finds that there are binary opposition narratives in the cultural comparison between the Dutch East Indies and the West carried out by Berlage. The results of the research show that there is a change in Berlage's binary opposition narrative so that his identity is reconstructed in the East. The ambivalence of the binary opposition narrative at the end of Berlage's journey shows a change in Berlage's orientalist view as a Westerner by expressing his criticism of colonial practices carried out by the Dutch. So it can be concluded that Mijn Indische Reis (1931) is a medium for Berlage's criticism of Western views on the East."

"ABSTRAKIn recent years, Vietnamese literature has seen the rise of women writers in a genre traditionally dominated by men travel writing. Phuong Mai, Huyen Chip, Dinh Hang, among others, are just a few who have introduced innovations to this genre. This paper investigates the practice of contemporary Vietnamese women travel writers and how they differ in perception compared to their male counterparts. One of the most crucial differences is that women perform culturalembodiment, employing their bodies instead of their minds. An encounter of the woman writer with other cultures is, therefore, an encounter between the body and the very physical conditions of culture, which leads to a will to change, to transform, more than a desire to conquer, to penetrate the other. Utilizing the concept deterritorialization developed by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, this paper argues that despite being deemed fragile and without protection, womens bodies are in fact fluid and able to open new possibilities of land and culture often stripped away by masculinist ideology."

"This paper describes the encounters that Italian travellers, explorers, and traders had with the peoples of the Malay world at the turn of the century. In particular, it focuses on the linguistic descriptions and observations made by Italian explorers of the languages spoken in the places they visited and included in their travel writings. In addition to the pioneering work of Pigafetta, the Italian scribe who followed Magellan on his voyage around the world and produced the first “Italian-Malay vocabulary” in 1521, other linguistic descriptions and observations were made by Giovanni Gaggino, a merchant who compiled an Italian-Malay dictionary in Singapore, Odoardo Beccari, a naturalist who offered reflections on the Malay spoken in Borneo, and Celso Cesare Moreno, a ship captain and adventurer. Elio Modigliani, in his travels to Nias, Enggano, Mentawai, and the Batak country, provided detailed information on the local languages spoken in these islands in North and West Sumatra, while Giovanni Battista Cerruti, an explorer and ship captain who visited Singapore, Batavia, and the Malay Peninsula, commented on the languages, as did Emilio Cerruti, who travelled to the Moluccas and Papua. This paper focuses on how these languages were described and perceived by these nineteenth-century Italian travellers. It concludes that these explorers were all united by a common necessity, namely the importance of speaking local languages in order to be able to interact with the people they met on their travels. Malay, in particular, was always viewed positively as an international language, a powerful tool for communicating, learning, and interacting with others, and a beautiful language. Conversely, the other minority languages were seen as poor and simple, but still a powerful tool to overcome barriers and lay the foundations for intercultural communication."

"In the spring of 1851, Austrian traveller and writer Ida Laura Pfeiffer (1797-1858) embarked on her second trip around the world. Her overseas travels also took her to the Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia): to Borneo (now Kalimantan), Java, Sumatra, and Celenbes (now Sulawesi). She described her experiences in her book Mijne tweede reis rondom de wereld (1856b), the Dutch translation of her German book Meine zweite Weltreise (1856a, ‘My second world tour’). In the last decades, much has been written about the perspective of female travel authors. On the one hand, nineteenth-century Western women travellers were curtailed because of their womanhood, yet they also played a role in the colonial system. While this might have been “different” compared to that of men, they judged the non-white “Other” in equal measure. This article focuses on how Pfeiffer positions herself in her travel texts. Although she adopts elements of the masculine hero narrative, her book also harbours aspects characteristic of her feminine view."

"This article presents the postcolonial analysis of the travel account and guidebook of Marius Buys (1837-1906), a Dutch clergyman. He not only devoted himself as a priest but also travelled in several parts of the Dutch East Indies, such as Java, Sumatra, and Sulawesi in the years 1878-1885. After returning to the Netherlands due to illness in 1885, he returned to the Indies in 1886 and was assigned to Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Java. In May 1887 he posted in Bandung West Java (the Preanger regencies), where he remained until his return to the Netherlands in 1890. As a result of his serving in the Preanger regencies (1878-1890), Marius Buys published Batavia, Buitenzorg en de Preanger. Gids voor Bezoekers en Toeristen (1891), the travel guidebook for travellers and tourists. His experiences in Preanger were also recorded in his travel account In het hart der Preanger (1900). The clergyman’s perspective as a tourist and traveller for the indigenous peoples and colony in his travel text and guide book are analysed by using the concepts of Esme Cleall (2012) about European missionaries thinking in British empire in Asia and Africa in the nineteenth century."

"In 1899 Dé-Lilah, pseudonym of Lucy van Renesse-Johnston (1862-1906), published a travel story in two parts, Mevrouw Klausine Klobben op Java (Mrs Klausine Klobben on Java). It was an account of an early tourist trip she had made in 1896. According to Van Renesse, she undertook her journey to do environmental research on Java as well as ethnographic research on the native and European inhabitants of the island. But that was just a pretext for a woman who travelled alone to climb volcanoes, visit shrines and talk to the various inhabitants of Java. She was able to do so because as a Eurasian woman, in addition to Dutch, she spoke fluent Malay. But contrary to her claims, it was never her intention to write a scientific travelogue. From the very beginning, she wanted to write a humorous travel story along the lines of the popular German author Julius Stinde (1841-1905). By taking his work as an example, she wrote a satirical story about travel on Java, at a time when tourism had hardly begun in the Netherlands East Indies."

"ABSTRACTHans Vervoort, penulis Belanda yang lahir di Hindia-Belanda, menulis dua cerita perjalanan mengenai Indonesia pasca repatriasinya ke Belanda, yaitu Van Onder De Koperen Ploert (1975) yang berlatar di Jawa dan Retourtje Tropen (2005) yang bercerita mengenai Jawa dan Sumatra. Dalam dua buku tersebut, pencerita Aku yang berlatar belakang kolonial dihadapkan pada perubahan objek-objek dalam ruang fisik dan sosial Indonesia pada dua periode di masa pascakolonial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan representasi Indonesia yang diwakili oleh dua pulau dalam dua cerita perjalanan tersebut. Gambaran setiap objek dalam dua buku diselisik dan disandingkan untuk melihat perubahan dan pergeseran representasi Indonesia. Selanjutnya, mengacu pada teori Orientalisme (Said, 1977), representasi ini dianalisis lebih lanjut untuk melihat narasi mengenai Indonesia sebagai Timur yang sarat dengan wacana kolonial dan poskolonial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perg eseran representasi Indonesia dari negatif ke positif namun masih menunjukkan cara pandang kolonial. 

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ABSTRACTHans Vervoort, a Dutch-Indies-born author, wrote two travel writings to Indonesia posterior to his repatriation to the Netherlands, which are Van Onder De Koperen Ploert (1975) that is set in Java and Retourtje Tropen (2005) that tells about the same setting with Sumatra as addition. In these two books, the I-narrator with his colonial background observes the postcolonial Indonesia, represented by the two islands, in two periods along with changes in its social and physical space. This research aims to describe the representation of Indonesia in the two travel writings. The description of significant objects is analyzed to see the changes and shifts in the representation of Indonesia. The representation then, using Orientalism theory (Said, 1977), is examined to reveal the narration of Indonesia as The Orient that indicates colonial as well as postcolonial discourses. The result shows a shift where Indonesia is represented more positively yet still in the view of colonial eyes."

"This article explores cross-cultural encounters and identities discourses in selected Polish and Russian travelogues about the Netherlands East Indies. Poles and Russians could travel to the Netherlands East Indies thanks to advantages afforded Europeans by the colonial system. Their occupations (for example, a privileged tourist, colonial scientist, diplomat) often made them suitable imperial agents. They defined themselves as Europeans but, as Eastern Europeans, they occupied an ambiguous position: Russians came from a land-based, economically backward “empire of the periphery“ (Boris Kagarlitsky 2008); Poles came from a semi-peripheral European nation subjected to foreign rule and, from their common experience of subjugation, some Polish authors were able to sympathize with the colonized peoples. Hence, a comparative approach leads to various insights into representations of colonial Indonesia."