Muhammad Ikhsan Alfahri
Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan dinamika kehidupan kelompok waria di Jakarta selama periode tahun 1968-1982. Latar belakang penelitian muncul dari kemunculan kelompok LGBT dalam festival Citayam Fashion Week di Jakarta pada tahun 2022. Fokus penelitian adalah perubahan kebijakan pemerintah kota Jakarta dan implikasinya terhadap kondisi kehidupan waria di Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah, melibatkan tahapan heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Sumber primer, seperti koran dan majalah sezaman, ditemukan di Perpustakaan Nasional, sementara sumber sekunder berupa buku dan artikel jurnal ilmiah berasal dari Perpustakaan Jalan Merdeka Selatan, Jstor, dan beberapa website resmi lainnya. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan perbedaan sikap dan kebijakan antara masa kepemimpinan Ali Sadikin (1966-1977) dan Tjokropranolo (1977-1982) sebagai Gubernur DKI Jakarta. Ali Sadikin menunjukkan sikap terbuka, mengakui eksistensi kelompok waria, dan menciptakan masa keemasan bagi mereka. Sebaliknya, Tjokropranolo mengambil pendekatan yang bersifat sosio-religius, dimana hal tersebut ditunjukan dengan peningkatan razia terhadap waria. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan kebijakan pemerintah kota Jakarta memiliki dampak signifikan pada kehidupan kelompok waria. Ali Sadikin mengintegrasikan mereka dalam masyarakat modern, sementara kepemimpinan Tjokropranolo menunjukan adanya pengabaian dan tekanan sosial, menyebabkan sebagian waria meninggalkan Jakarta.
......This research aims to elucidate the dynamics of the transgender community (waria) in Jakarta during the period of 1968-1982. The research background stems from the emergence of the LGBT community in the Citayam Fashion Week festival in Jakarta in 2022. The study focuses on the shifts in Jakarta's municipal government policies and their implications on the living conditions of the waria community. The research methodology employed is historical, encompassing heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historiography stages. Primary sources, such as contemporary newspapers and magazines, were found at the National Library, while secondary sources, including books and scholarly journal articles, were obtained from the Jalan Merdeka Selatan Library, Jstor, and various official websites. The findings illustrate differences in attitude and policies between the tenures of Ali Sadikin (1966-1977) and Tjokropranolo (1977-1982) as the Governors of Jakarta. Ali Sadikin demonstrated an open-minded approach, acknowledging the existence of the waria community and fostering a golden period for them. On the other hand, Tjokropranolo took a socio-religious approach, which was demonstrated by the increase in raids on transgender people. The research concludes that changes in Jakarta's municipal government policies significantly impacted the lives of the waria community. Ali Sadikin facilitated their integration into modern society, while Tjokropranolo's leadership led to neglect and social pressure, prompting some waria individuals to leave Jakarta.
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Universitas Indonesia, 2024
TA-pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir Universitas Indonesia Library