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"In order to follow and apply all agreements in GATT including The General Agreement on Customs Valuation (Article VII GATT) as one of main agreements of World Trade Organization (WTO), Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) should be able to create an efficient, effective, and responsive customs value establishment service system based on modern techniques and management. An efficient service system is required to reduce incurred costs in trading, while an effective service is obtained through quality service system by existing human resources and to omit insignificant trading barriers. Implementation of custom value establishment service mechanism is expected to be able to improve importer compliance in fulfilling custom obligations. The point in this thesis writing i.e. does customs value establishment service system influence importers in complying with customs obligations?Study on this thesis included in type of associative research, namely a study that seek the relationship between one variable wither other variables. Population in this study is all importers carrying out importation activities in the area of Customs and Excise Service Office Type A Special Tanjung Priok II. Used sampling technique is simple random sampling namely sample determination technique by taking the sample randomly without paying attention to strata existed in the population members. Supranto (2001:239) explains research sample covers a number of respondents greater than minimum requirement of 30 respondents. Then according to Gulford (1987:125) explains that greater sample will provide more accurate results. Therefore samples in this research are 75 importers including high risk group obtaining Red Lane with physical inspection of goods 100%.Data analysis technique in research uses simple regression model. Output of simple regression model besides in form of regression equation also in corm of inter variable correlation value. Equation of simple regression is Y = a + bX, where Y is dependent variable in this case customs obligation compliance, a is constant, b is regression coefficient and X is independent variable namely customs value establishment service.Indicator to measure customs value establishment system based on Valeri, Parasuraman and Berry's theory (1990:26) dividing service quality dimension into five, those area reliability dimension (suitability between the actual service reality given and promised), responsiveness (ability in providing fast and accurate service), assurance (skill required in providing services, so the customers feel free from risks or loss because of service failure), empathy (closeness of service provider and service users), and tangibility (physical appearance, equipment, personnel and utilization of auxiliary equipment owned by company).While indicator used to measure customs obligation compliance variable based on theoretical study of customs obligations regulated in Law Number 10 Year 1995 on Custom Article 1 Number 1 stating that customs obligations are all activities in customs area that obliged to be carried out to comply with this law. Further Gade & Grade (1995:49) explains that there area five taxation obligation by taxpayers namely registration obligation, obligation to submit report, obligation to pay and deposit unpaid tax, book and recording obligation and taxpayer obligation at the inspection time.Based on correlation table it is seen that correlation coefficient value between customs value establishment service with customs obligation compliance is 0,182. It shows very low relationship level between the two variables.Based on calculation of R square/determination coefficient figure according to model. Summary R square is 0,033. It means 3,30% customs obligation compliance can be explained with customs value establishment service variable, while the remaining explained with other factors.Resulted simple regression namely Y = 71,857 + 0,082X. It means each addition of one score of customs value establishment service variable will improve the customs obligation compliance of 0,082 score unit.Based on t test in coefficient table the probability numbers for customs value establishment service is 0,118, so probability t > 0,05 so Ho is accepted or there is no influence between customs value establishment service variable with customs obligation compliance variable.From this research result, then recommended some suggestion among them to evaluate whether aforesaid Customs Value Declaration (DNP) will remain to be utilized or substituted with valuation advice procedure namely procedure encouraging importer to consult with Customs and Excise before importation carried to obtain official estimation how much received customs duty and Tax Collection in Importation (PDRI) especially in debt on the said importation or the implementation of valuation ruling the system representing a procedure for imported goods customs value establishment formalization."

"Manfaat dan risiko perdagangan internasional terhadap perkembangan sosio ekonomi di dalam suatu negara terus menjadi perdebatan. Tulisan ini ingin berkontribusi dalam diskusi tersebut dengan menjadi salah satu studi empiris yang meneliti efek perdagangan internasional pada variabel kesehatan. Secara lebih khusus, studi ini fokus melihat pengaruh liberalisasi tarif terhadap prevalensi stunting di 255 kabupaten di Indonesia dari tahun 1993 hingga tahun 2018. Dengan menggunakan tariff exposure sebagai ukuran utama untuk melihat liberalisasi tarif, studi ini mengeksplorasi variasi tarif untuk barang jadi (final goods) dan barang setengah jadi (intermediate goods) yang ada di tingkat kabupaten/kota baik dari struktur tenaga kerja dan struktur produksi manufaktur di kabupaten/kota tersebut.  Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan tariff eksposure dalam pasar barang jadi dapat mengurangi angka stunting di Indonesia.

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The benefit and risk of international trade on socio-economic developments remain a continuous debate among policymakers. We seek to add a variety of empirical analyses on the effect of international trade on health outcomes and focus on examining the influence of tariff liberalization on stunting prevalence in 255 districts across Indonesia from 1993 to 2018. Using district tariff exposures as our primary tariff measures, we explore the variation of output and input tariff in each district by combining information on the initial district labor and main output structure with the national tariff. Our result shows that reducing tariff exposures for output markets improves stunting prevalence in Indonesia. "

"Masyarakat modern membutuhkan tersedianya fasilitas infrastruktur yang memadai untuk peningkatan taraf hidup dan perekonomiannya. Pembangunan fasilitas infrastruktur tersebut secara tradisional merupakan kewajiban pemerintah sebagai penyelanggara negara, namun demikian keterbatasan anggaran menyebabkan pemerintah tidak dapat menanggung sendiri pembiayaan pembangunan infrastruktur. Pemerintah kemudian melibatkan swasta dalam pembiayaan pembangunan infrastruktur yang perlu dilakukannya. Pihak investor akan memperoleh pengembalian investasinya melaiui tarif atas penggunaan fasilitas infrastruktur tersebut. Pemerintah perlu memberikan jaminan bahwa pihak swasta akan memperoleh pengembalian yang wajar atas investasinya, di lain pihak pemerintah perlu mempertimbangkan keterjangkauan masyarakat atas tarif yang ditetapkan."

"Busway merupakan proyek Pemprov. DKI Jakarta untuk mengatasi kemacetan di Jakana. Sampai saat ini koridor yang telah berjalan adalah koridor Blok M-Kota. Agar transportasi ini diminati oleh banyak orang, maka yang paling penting adalah memberlakukan tarif yang murah pada busway. Selain dengan jalan mempcroleh subsidi, pihak penyeienggara busway juga perlu melalcukan peninjauan kembali terhadap tarif busway agar lebih optimal. Peninjauan terhadap tarif ini periu dilakulcan dengan mempertimbangkan jumlah bus Translakarta yang optimal. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah bus sangat mempengaruhi pengeluaran busway, yang pada akhimya mernpengamhi besamya tarif.Penentuan jumlah bus yang beroperasi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan simuiasi dengan Promodel. Dengan melakukan pengujian terhadap berbagai headway dan jumlah bus, maka akan diperoieh jumlah bus yang optimal untuk suatu jumlah penumpang. Kemudian, dari jumlah bus yang optimal tersebut ditentukan tarif bus yang optimal untuk penumpang.Pada jumlah penumpang 50.000 orang per hari, berdasarkan simulasi dengan Promodel dihasilkan jumlah bus yang optimal Lmtuk beroperasi adalah 33 unit dengan headway sebesar 2,7 menit. Dcngan mengasumsikan 10% dari jumlah bus yang beroperasi adalah jumiah bus cadangan, maka jumlah bus secara keseluruhan adlah 37 unit. Kemudian dari jumlah ini diperolch larif bus Translakarta yang optimal dengan menjumlahkan semua biaya yang terdapat pada busway adalah Rp3.200,00 per orang. Tarif ini merupakan tarif yang belum disubsidi oleh pemerintah.

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Busway is one of the DKI Jakarta government project to solve the traiiic jam problems in Jakarta. In the first step, the corridor Blok M to Kota is in operation. To attract more passengers, the busway tariff needs to be low. Besides by being subsidized, busway tariff have to be reviewed. In reviewing the tariff, it should consider the number of optimal bus in operation, because it influences the busway cost and it will influences the tarif.

Determination the number of optimal bus in operation could be done by simulating using Promodel. By doing some tests in headway and number of the bus, it shows the optimal number of the bus for a number of passengers. Then from the optimal number of the bus, the optimal tariff could be determined.

Simulation using the Promodel shows that the optimal number of busses in operation are 33 units (it comes to 37 units if additional 10% is allocated for reserve) with headway of about 2,7 minutes and the assumption of 50.000 passengers per day. By adding all busway cost, it yields the optimal bus tariff of Rp3-200 per passenger without subsidy."

"The increase of toll tarfiff become a hot issue among toll road operators and users although it was not popular among toll road users, the toll road operators expected to increase their income...."

"The study was conducted to measure the influence of service quality and tariff on patient satisfaction at rumah bersalin Dinda bidan danelis Tangerang..."