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Abstrak :

Televisi white space adalah teknologi yang memanfaatkan spektrum tak terpakai yang dimiliki oleh pengguna utama yaitu penyelenggara siaran TV di area dan waktu tertentu. Ada dua masalah utama terkait dengan penggunaan white space, yaitu perlindungan pengguna utama dan identifikasi kanal white space. Di sebagian besar negara berkembang, alokasi kanal televisi tidak sebaik di negara-negara maju; oleh karena itu, sangat tinggi terjadi overlap antara area cakupan digital television terrestrial (DTT) dan area white space. Pertama, studi ini mengusulkan metode untuk menentukan kanal white space yang memastikan perlindungan pengguna utama. Simulasi menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan lebih baik daripada model federal communications commision (FCC). Model FCC menggunakan parameter perlindungan jarak tetap, sedangkan model yang diusulkan menggunakan parameter field strength yang bervariasi tergantung pada kondisi lingkungan. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini mengusulkan metode PSML yang membagi area perlindungan TV menjadi empat zona (prohibited, strict, moderate dan loose) untuk memodelkan sistem white space. Peneliti menggunakan daerah perlindungan tambahan dan area cakupan televisi yang memiliki probabilitas lokasi kurang dari 70% untuk memperhitungkan kemungkinan overlap antara white space dan area perlindungan. Penelitian ini juga mengusulkan nilai protection ratio untuk melengkapi standar yang diberikan oleh FCC bagi negara-negara yang menerapkan sistem penyiaran TV digital (DVB-T2). Telah dilakukan tes untuk menganalisis penerapan metode PSML yang diusulkan di Pulau Bali, Indonesia. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa model PSML dapat menyediakan lebih banyak kanal white space daripada model yang diajukan oleh Villardi dan FCC ketika diterapkan pada daerah transisi antara daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan. Model PSML dapat menyediakan 2 kanal lebih banyak dari model Villardi pada saat pengguna utama menggunakan sistem DVB-T2 64 QAM dan 3 kanal lebih banyak pada saat pengguna utama menggunakan sistem DVB-T2 256 QAM. Jumlah 3 kanal white space adalah setara dengan 24 MHz frekuensi kosong yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk layanan broadband. Telah dilakukan juga pengukuran lapangan di kota Jogjakarta dengan mengambil sampel coverage area TVRI Patuk. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, didapatkan bahwa deviasi antara hasil simulasi dengan hasil pengukuran adalah sebesar 7,32 dB atau lebih tinggi 1,82 dB dibandingkan dengan rekomendasi dari ITU-R. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa berdasarkan kondisi geografis, daerah Jogjakarta memiliki variasi nilai field strength yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rekomendasi dari ITU.

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TV white space is a technology that utilizes the unutilized spectrum owned by the primary user in a particular area and time. A major concern in implementing white-space technology in television is the ability of the system to provide information about the vacant channels while guaranteeing protection to primary users. Moreover, in developing countries, the allocation of television broadcasting channels is not as good as that in developed countries.  Therefore, there is a high possibility of overlap between the Digital Television Terrestrial (DTT) coverage areas and white-space areas. The first contribution of this study is a proposed method for determining white-space channels that ensure primary user protection. The simulation shows that the proposed method is better than the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) model. The FCC model uses fixed range protection parameters, whereas the proposed model uses field strength parameters that vary depending on environmental conditions. Secondly, this study also proposes a method involving the use of four zones—prohibited, strict, moderate, and loose (PSML)—to model the television white-space system. The author uses a television coverage area that has less than 70% location probability to accommodate the possibility of overlaps between the white space and the protection areas. The author also proposes a protection ratio value to complement the standard given by the Federal Communications Committee (FCC) for countries implementing the digital video broadcasting system (DVB-T2). A test to analyze the implementation of the proposed PSML method in Bali Island, Indonesia, has been conducted. The results show that the proposed model can provide more white-space channels than the models proposed by Villardi and the FCC when applied to transition areas between urban and rural regions. The PSML model provides 2 and 3 channels higher than others model when the primary user uses DVB-T2 64 QAM system and DVB-T2 256 QAM system, respectively. Furthermore, a field measurement to get field strength data has been conducted in the TVRI Patuk coverage area, Jogjakarta. The result is 7,32 dB of standard deviation between simulation and field measurement result, or 1,82 dB higher than ITU-R recommendation. This indicates that based on geographical conditions, the Jogjakarta area has a higher variety of field strength values compared to the recommendations from ITU.

Abstrak :
Di era digital, internet sudah menjadi komoditas hidup bagi manusia, hingga PBB memutuskan bahwa konektivitas internet merupakan bagian dari hak asasi manusia, namun hingga saat ini, sekitar setengah dari penduduk dunia masih belum terhubung dengan koneksi internet, dan mereka yang belum terhubung ternyata tinggal di daerah rural, dimana penyelenggaraan internet konvensional membutuhkan biaya yang sangat tinggi. Teknologi TV Whitespace merupakan salah satu teknologi alternatif untuk menyediakan internet di daerah rural, dimana internet ditransmisikan pada spektrum frekuensi yang tidak dipakai. Skripsi ini membahas tentang teknologi TV Whitespace, standar yang digunakan yaitu standar IEEE 802.22 dan kebijakan dari FCC beserta analisisnya berdasarkan simulasi yang dilakukan di Indonesia. Analisis teknologi TV Whitespace pada skripsi ini dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu dari ketersediaan kanal maksimum dan analisis interferensi WSD terhadap DTT. Simulasi dilakukan di Pulau Bali yang sebagian dari kabupatennya masih merupakan daerah rural. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan kanal maksimum terbesar di Bali berada pada bagian barat dan WSD yang didesain di suatu area sampel di Bali tidak menginterferensi cakupan dari DTT yang sudah ada. ...... In the digital era, internet has become humanity rsquo s necessity, to the point where UN stated that internet connectivity is the right of human being. Unfortunately, half of the world population have not been connected to the internet yet, and studies found that those who haven rsquo t live in rural area, where traditional internet service will be very costly. TV Whitespace technology is one of the alternative to provide internet in rural areas, where internet is transmitted with unused frequency spectrum. This thesis explains about TV Whitespace rsquo s technology itself, existing standards, that is IEEE 802.22 standard and FCC rsquo s policy along with its analysis based on the simulation conducted in Indonesia. The TV Whitespace technology analysis in this thesis is divided into two the maximum channel availability and WSD interference toward DTT analysis. The simulation is conducted in Bali Island where some of its regencies are still categorized as rural areas. Simulation results show that the maximum channel availability in Bali is located at its western side and the WSDs designed in a certain sample area in Bali don rsquo t interfere with the already existing DTT rsquo s coverage.

Abstrak :
This SpringerBrief discusses the applications of spare representation in wireless communications, with a particular focus on the most recent developed compressive sensing (CS) enabled approaches. With the help of sparsity property, sub-Nyquist sampling can be achieved in wideband cognitive radio networks by adopting compressive sensing, which is illustrated in this brief, and it starts with a comprehensive overview of compressive sensing principles. Subsequently, the authors present a complete framework for data-driven compressive spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks, which guarantees robustness, low-complexity, and security. Particularly, robust compressive spectrum sensing, low-complexity compressive spectrum sensing, and secure compressive sensing based malicious user detection are proposed to address the various issues in wideband cognitive radio networks. Correspondingly, the real-world signals and data collected by experiments carried out during TV white space pilot trial enables data-driven compressive spectrum sensing. The collected data are analysed and used to verify our designs and provide significant insights on the potential of applying compressive sensing to wideband spectrum sensing. This SpringerBrief provides readers a clear picture on how to exploit the compressive sensing to process wireless signals in wideband cognitive radio networks. Students, professors, researchers, scientists, practitioners, and engineers working in the fields of compressive sensing in wireless communications will find this SpringerBrief very useful as a short reference or study guide book. Industry managers, and government research agency employees also working in the fields of compressive sensing in wireless communications will find this SpringerBrief useful as well.