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Abstrak :
Indonesia memiliki cadangan gas alam masih cukup tinggi. Namun kualitas gas alam yang diproduksi saat ini masih kurang baik karena pengaruh kandungan gas non-hidrokarbon yang menjadi gas polutan yang terkandung dalam gas alam, seperti H2S, SO2, SO3, RSH dan lain-lain. Tingginya kandungan gas sulfur tersebut dapat menurunkan daya bakar gas alam, selain itu dapat merusak sarana yang terkait dengan pengolahan gas alam dan merusak sarana yang menggunakan gas alam sebagai bahan bakar serta emisinya dapat mencemari lingkungan. Salah satu solusi yang terbaik untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah dengan menggunakan bakteri pereduksi sulfur untuk mereduksi kandungan sulfur dalam gas alam. Jenis bakteri ini dapat mengoksidasi senyawa sulfur untuk menghasilkan energi. Bakteri sulfur dapat menyimpan dan atau menggunakan sulfur elemental atau komponen organik sulfur untuk metabolisme selnya. Dalam penelitian ini bakteri pendegradasi sulfur yang digunakan adalah Thiobacillus thioparus. Dan senyawa sulfur yang digunakan adalah Natrium thiosulfat, Na2S203 dengan konsentrasi 200, 400, dan 600 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tingkat ketahanan bakteri Thiobacillus thioparus terhadap variasi konsentrasi senyawa sulfur secara umum mengalami lag fase pada 12 jam pertama, lalu mengalami fase eksponensial dimana pertumbuhan bakteri sangat cepat selama 30 atau 36 jam dan mengalami penurunan populasi pada jam ke-54. Dan laju degradasi sulfur oleh bakteri Thiobacillus thioparus semakin besar konsentrasi substrat, maka laju degradasi akan semakin besar hingga mencapai nilai maksimum, dan kemudian menurun dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi substrat. ......Indonesia have natural gas reserve still high enough. But the quality of produced natural gas in this time still unfavourable because obstetrical influence of non-hidrokarbon gas becoming polutan gas which implied in natural gas, like H2S, SO2, SO3, RSH and etc. Obstetrical height of the sulphur gas can degrade energy burn natural gas, besides can destroy medium which related to processing of natural gas and destroy medium using natural gas upon which burn and also its emission can contaminate environment. One of the best solutions to overcome this problem by using sulphur reducing bacteria to reducing sulphur content in natural gas. this bacteria type can oxidize sulphur compound to yield energi. Sulphur bacteria earn save and or use elemental sulphur or organic component of sulphur for the metabolism of cell. In this research the sulfur reducer bacteria which used is Thiobacillus thioparus. And sulfur compound which used is Natrium thiosulfat, N2S2O3 with consentration 200, 400, 600 ppm. Pursuant to result of research, mount Thiobacillus thioparus bacteria resilience to sulphur compound concentration variation in general experience of phase lag at 12 first hour, then experience of eksponensial phase where growth bacterium very quickly during 30 or 36 hour and experience of degradation population at hour of 54. And fast of sulphur degradasi by ever greater Thiobacillus thioparus bacterium of substrat concentration, hence accelerateing degradasi will be ever greater till reach maximum, and then decrease by increasing substrat concentration.

Abstrak :
[Bau mulut (Halitosis) merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dikeluhkan sebagian besar masyarakat. Komponen utama pada bau mulut adalah volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), yaitu hidrogen sulfida (H2S), metil merkaptan (CH3SH), dan dimetilsulfida ((CH3)2S). Salah satu bahan alami yang secara tradisional digunakan untuk mengurangi bau mulut adalah buah burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efek sediaan tablet hisap yang mengandung buah kepel dalam mengontrol bau mulut. Tiga puluh orang subyek sehat dibagi secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok tablet hisap eksrak buah kepel dan kelompok permen karet xilitol. Subyek menggunakan tablet hisap pada pagi setelah makan pagi dan siang setelah makan siang. Pemeriksaan bau mulut dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali, yaitu segera setelah bangun tidur, setelah makan pagi, dan siang hari sesudah makan siang. Variabel pemeriksaan bau mulut yang diukur adalah skor organoleptik, kadar H2S, kadar CH3SH, dan kadar (CH3)2S. Efek tablet hisap ekstrak buah burahol sebanding dengan permen karet xilitol dalam menurunkan kadar H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S dan skor organoleptik bau mulut pada subyek. Tablet hisap yang mengandung ekstrak buah burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol) efektif dalam mengontrol bau mulut sehingga dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan bau mulut (halitosis).; ......Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases, bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects. Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour (Halitosis).;Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases, bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects. Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour (Halitosis).;Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases, bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects. Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour (Halitosis)., Oral malodour (Haitosis) as an oral problem that most people complain. In all cases, bad breath is caused by the presence of volatile organic compounds originating from the mouth or the expired air. The aim of this study is know of the effect of lozenges containing kepel fruit (Stelechocarpus burahol) in controlling oral malodour in normal subjects. Thirty normal subjects were divided into two groups randomly, one groups received lozenges containing kepel fruits and the other groups received lozenges containing xilitol. Subjects receiving as much two tablets lozenges each day during one day, ie morning after breakfast and after lunch. Oral malodour examination performed three times, ie immediately after waking, after breakfast, and afternoon after lunch. Variable oral malodour is measured levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S. The result were shown that lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) did not differ with lozenges containing xilitol in reducing the levels of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S and organoleptics oral malodour in normal subjects. Lozenges containing kepel fruits (Stelechocarpus burahol) is effective in controlling oral malodour so it can be used for the treatment of oral malodour (Halitosis).]