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Abstrak :
Sejak abad ke 19 Hukum Barat sudah masuk ke dunia Islam sehingga ada tiga jenis negara dalam memposisikan Hukum Islam, ada yang menggunakan hukum Islam sebagai sistem hukum secara formal, ada yang mengantikan hukum Islam secara penuh dengan hukum sekuler, dan ada yang menggunakan hukum sekuler namun masih menggunakan hukum Islam secara berdampingan dengan Hukum Islam. Arab Saudi termasuk dalam negara kategori pertama, sedangkan Indonesia termasuk dalam kategori ketiga.Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan pengaturan kelembagaan perbankan di Indonesia dan Arab Saudi beserta implementasinya dengan kerangka hukum komparatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi Pustaka dan wawancara, dengan meneliti bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang terdapat di Indonesia dan Arab Saudi terkait dengan hukum perbankan, bahan hukum primer dan sekunder tersebut kemudian dideskripsikan dan dianalisis untuk diperbandingan dalam kerangka hukum komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Indonesia dan Arab Saudi memiliki kesamaan, yaitu dual banking system, sistem syariah dan konvensional berjalan beriringan, dan ada Unit Usaha Syariah, yakni bagian bank konvensional yang menjalankan usaha syariah. Indonesia memiliki Bank Indonesia dan OJK untuk mengatur dan mengawasi seluruh aktivitas perbankan. Arab Saudi hanya memiliki SAMA untuk mengawasi seluruh perbankan. Bank di Indonesia harus memahami perbedaan ini apabila ingin bekerjasama dengan bank dari Arab Saudi. ......Since the 19th century Western Law has entered the Islamic world so that there are three types of states in positioning Islamic Law, some use Islamic law as a formal legal system, some replace Islamic law fully with secular law, and some use secular law but still use Islamic law side by side with Islamic Law. Saudi Arabia is included in the first category of countries while Indonesia is included in the third category. The author here will discuss the comparison of banking institutional arrangements in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia along with their implementation with a comparative legal framework. The method used is a literature study and interview, by examining primary and secondary legal materials found in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia related to banking law, the primary and secondary legal materials are then described and analyzed for comparison within a comparative legal framework. The results of this study are similarities and institutional differences in banking systems in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, namely the dual banking system, namely Islamic banks and conventional banks go hand in hand, and there is a Sharia Business Unit which is part of conventional banks that run sharia businesses. Indonesia has Bank Indonesia and OJK to regulate and supervise all banking, Saudi Arabia only has SAMA to supervise all banks, sharia banks depend on each scholar in each Islamic bank. Banks in Indonesia must understand what this difference is if they want to cooperate with banks from Saudi Arabia.

Abstrak :
In The Wahhabis seen through European Eyes (1772-1830) Giovanni Bonacina offers an account of the early reactions in Europe to the rise of the Wahhabi movement in Arabia. Commonly pictured nowadays as a form of Muslim fundamentalism, the Wahhabis appeared to many European witnesses as the creators of a deistic revolution with serious political consequences for the Ottoman ancien regime. They were seen either in the light of contemporary events in France, or as Islamic theological reformers in the mould of Calvin, opposing an established church and devotional traditions. These audacious but fascinating attempts to interpret the unknown by way of the better known are illustrated in Bonacinas book.