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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang : Aktivitas fisik pada saat melakukan olahraga lari menstimulasi saraf simpatik yang dapat mempengaruhi sekresi dan komposisi saliva, termasuk salah satunya Streptococcus mutans-Binding Salivary Protein Protein saliva berperan dalam menghambat atau memfasilitasi pembentukan biofilm. Tujuan : Menganalisis pengaruh Streptococcus mutans-Binding Salivary Protein terhadap pembentukan biofilm P. gingivalis. Metode : Pemilihan subjek pelari dan nonpelari ditetapkan berdasarkan pengukuran VO2max dan riwayat lari rutin. Profil protein Streptococcus mutans-Binding Salivary Protein ATCC 25175 pada pelari dan nonpelari diidentifikasi dengan uji SDS PAGE. Uji pembentukan biofilm P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 dilakukan dengan pewarnaan crystal violet. Data yang didapat kemudian diolah menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil : Streptococcus mutans-Binding Salivary Protein memfasilitasi pembentukan biofilm P. gingivalis ATCC 33277, baik pada waktu inkubasi 3 jam maupun 24 jam. Kesimpulan : Streptococcus mutans-Binding Salivary Protein yang diisolasi dari subjek pelari dan nonpelari memfasilitasi pembentukan biofilm P.gingivalis terhadap pembentukan biofilm P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. ...... Background : Physical activity during exercise induced sympathetic stimuli which may affect the secretion and composition of saliva, including anti S.mutans salivary protein. Salivary protein may act as inhibitor or facilitator on biofilm formation. Objective : To analyze the effect of Streptococcus mutans Binding Salivary Protein towards the formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm. Method : The runners and non runners subjects were selected using VO2max measurement and running routine history. Streptococcus mutans Binding Salivary Protein profile from the runners and non runners group were identified using SDS PAGE method. Biofilm assay with crystal violet was used to test the formation of P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. Data was done using correlation test. Result : Streptococcus mutans Binding Salivary Protein facilitate P. gingivalis biofilm formation on 3 and 24 hours incubation time. Conclusion : Streptococcus mutans Binding Salivary Protein from runners and non runners facilitate P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 biofilm formation.

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ABSTRAK
Saliva merupakan zat eksokrin yang mengandung berbagai komponen, salah satunya adalah protein. Total protein dalam saliva dapat meningkat karena peningkatan aktifitas fisik, salah satu contohnya adalah aktifitas berlari. Di dalam rongga mulut, Streptococcus mutans merupakan mikroorganisme kariogenik yang memiliki peran penting dalam proses terjadinya karies. Tujuan: menganalisis perbedaan profil protein saliva yang diisolasi dari subjek pelari dan nonpelari sebelum dan setelah protein tersebut diinteraksikan dengan Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Metode: sampel saliva unstimulated diambil dari 3 subjek pelari dan 3 subjek nonpelari. Identifikasi berat molekul protein saliva ditetapkan dengan menggunakan teknik SDS-PAGE dan pewarnaan commasie blue, sedangkan identifikasi interaksi protein saliva dengan Streptococcus mutans ditetapkan dengan menggunakan teknik SDS-PAGE, pewarnaan commasie blue dan Qubit Protein assay. Hasil: pada subjek pelari teridentifikasi protein dengan berat molekul sebesar 140 kDa, 100 kDa, 70 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa, dan 15 kDa sedangkan pada subjek nonpelari teridentifikasi protein dengan berat molekul 70 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa, dan 10 kDa. Interaksi protein saliva pelari dengan metode pewarnaan comassie blue tidak memvisualisasikan pita pada agar poliakrilamid sedangkan protein saliva subjek nonpelari terlihat pita sebesar 70 kDa. Interaksi protein saliva pelari dengan Streptococcus mutans dengan menggunakan Qubit Protein assay menunjukan konsentrasi sebesar 74,2 g/mL dan sebesar 93,2 g/mL pada saliva nonpelari. Kesimpulan: terdapat perbedaan profil dan berat molekul protein saliva pada subjek pelari dan nonpelari dan interaksi protein dengan Streptococcus mutans hanya tervisualisasikan pada protein saliva yang berasal dari subjek nonpelari.

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ABSTRAK
Background Saliva is an exocrine substance containing various components, one of which is protein. The amount of total proteins in saliva may increase due to physical activity, namely running. In the oral cavity, Streptococcus mutans is a cariogenic microorganism that is vital in the forming process of caries. Objective Analyze the difference in salivary proteins profiles on subjects who are runners compared to non runners before and after the proteins are interacted with Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. Method Samples of unstimulated saliva were taken from 3 subjects who were runners and 3 subjects who were non runners. Identification of total molecular weight in salivary proteins was done using comassie brilliant blue color staining with the SDS PAGE technique. Identification of interaction in salivary proteins with Streptococcus mutans was also done using comassie brilliant blue color staining using SDS PAGE technique and Qubit Protein assay. Results In subjects who were runners, identification of molecular weight in the salivary protein results were 140 kDa, 100 kDa, 70 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa, and 15 kDa while in non runners the identification of molecular weight in the salivary protein results were 70 kDa, 50 kDa, 25 kDa, and 10 kDa. Interaction of salivary proteins in runners using comassie blue coloring did not result in visualization of band on polyacrilamide agar while in non runners a band of 70 kDa was observed on polyacrilamide agar. Interaction of salivary proteins with Streptococcus mutans using Qubit Protein assay showed a concentration of 74.2 g mL in runners and 93.2 g mL in non runners. Conclusion There is a difference of proteins profile and molecular weight in subjects who were runners and non runners and proteins interaction with Streptococcus mutans is only visualized in the salivary proteins derived from non runners subject.

Abstrak :
Pendahuluan: protein saliva merupakan komposisi yang terkandung dalam saliva dan berperan penting bagi keseimbangan ekosistem rongga mulut manusia. Total konsentrasi protein saliva pada setiap individu bervariasi tergantung pada usia individu tersebut. Banyak dari protein saliva berfungsi untuk memproteksi rongga mulut dengan aktivitas antimikroba yang dimilikinya. Di sisi lain, saliva juga dapat mendukung pertumbuhan mikroorganisme rongga mulut dengan membentuk pelikel. Streptococcus mutans bersama dengan pelikel saliva berpartisipasi dalam adhesi bakteri di permukaan gigi. Selanjutnya mereka akan berkoordinasi sehingga membentuk dental plaque. Tujuan: menganalisis perbedaan massa bakteri dan viabilitas Streptococcus mutans setelah pajanan protein saliva subjek anak dan subjek dewasa. Metode: sampel saliva subjek anak dan subjek dewasa dilakukan uji Bradford untuk mengetahui total protein saliva. Kemudian dilakukan perhitungan massa biofilm dengan uji crystal violet staining dan viabilitas bakteri dengan TPC. Setelah itu dilakukan uji One-way Anova Hasil: Nilai signifikansi uji statistic menunjukan > 0,05 sehingga tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna massa bakteri maupun viabilitas bakteri Streptococcus mutans setelah pajanan protein saliva yang berasal dari subjek anak dan subjek dewasa secara statistik. Total konsentrasi protein saliva anak dan dewasa condong berbeda. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan dampak pemajanan protein saliva asal subjek anak dan subjek dewasa terhadap pembentukan biofilm bakteri Streptococcus mutans ditinjau dari massa biofilm dan viabilitas bakteri. ......Background: Salivary protein is the composition contained in saliva and plays an important role in the balance of the human oral cavity ecosystem. The total salivary protein concentration in each individual varies depending on the age of the individual. Many of salivary proteins function to protect the oral cavity with their antimicrobial activity. Therefore, saliva can also support the growth of oral microorganisms by forming pellicles and as a source of nutrtion to bacteria. Streptococcus mutans together with the salivary pellicle participate in the adhesion of bacteria on the tooth surface. Furthermore, they will coordinate to form dental plaque. Objective: to analyze the differences in bacterial mass and viability of Streptococcus mutans after the exposure of the salivary proteins from children and adult subjects. Methods: Bradford test was used to determine the total of salivary protein in saliva samples from children and adult subjects. The biofilm mass was calculated by using crystal violet staining and bacterial viability by TPC. The distribution was analyzed using the One-way Anova test Results: The p value of the statistical test shows > 0,05 so that there were no significant difference in bacterial mass and viability of Streptococcus mutans after exposure of salivary protein from children’s or adult’s saliva statisticaly. However, the total salivary protein concentrations of children and adults tend to be different. Conclusion: There was no differenece in the impact of salivary protein exposure from children’s and adult’s saliva on the formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm in terms of biofilm mass and bacterial viability.

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The presence of fixed orthodontic appliances leads to an increase in the absolute number of salivary Streptococcus mutans, as well as an increase in the percentage of S. mutans. These changes may be responsible for decalcification or white spot formation during orthodontic therapy. Decalcification or white spot formation during orthodontic treatment has been a problem since the introduction of fixed appliances. The white spot lesion is considered to be the precurser of enamel caries. In orthodontics it has been attributed to prolonged accumulation and retention of bacterial plaque on the enamel surface adjacent to the appliances. Plaque retention surrounding orthodontic appliances leads to enamel demineralization caused by organic acids produced by bacteria in the dental plaque. Plaque develops after the placement of a fixed appliance because the appliance often impedes the maintenance of good oral hygiene for the orthodontic patient. The components of the appliance create many new retention areas for microorganisms and impede proper access to the tooth surfaces for optimal cleaning. Decalcification may then occur. White spot formation represents a poor esthetic side effect of orthodontic treatment that may counteract the beneficial results of such treatment. Thus, prevention of white spot formation is important for the orthodontist to consider before, during and after orthodontic treatment for quality treatment result as professional.

Abstrak :
This research was carried out to study the difference in the antibacterial capacity of two kinds of filling materials, namely amalgam and composite resin, on S. mutans KPSK2 bacteria with different times of treatment. In total, 48 amalgam and composite resin samples each were prepared and then divided into four groups of treatment. Of each group, 6 samples were used to count the number of bacterial colonies and 6 samples to count the right obstacle zone. The results show that the best antibacterial capacity of composite resin occured within one week, while for amalgam the best performance appears within one day. The antibacterial capacity of flourine containing composites is stronger than that of amalgam for a time of 1 to 2 weeks.

Abstrak :
Pengurangan koloni Streptococcus mutans saliva pada anak setelah kumur larutan teh hijau 2,5%. Karies merupakan masalah dalam kedokteran gigi anak, dengan Streptococcus mutans sebagai bakteri dominan penyebab karies. Larutan teh hijau dan klorheksidin efektif mengurangi jumlah koloni dari Streptococcus .mutans. Namun belum diteliti lebih lanjut mengenai perbedaan efektivitas kedua bahan tersebut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas berkumur dengan klorheksidin 0,2% dan larutan teh hijau 2,5% dalam menurunkan jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutans. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental semu dengan desain cross over. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang anak-anak berusia 6-12 tahun dengan indeks OHI-S kurang. Sampel saliva diambil masing-masing sebelum berkumur selama 3 detik dengan larutan klorheksidin 0,2% dan larutan teh hijau 2,5% dan 15 menit dilanjutkan 30 menit setelah berkumur. Sampel saliva dibawa ke laboratorium kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah koloni bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 18.0 dengan uji ANOVA t-berpasangan, dan uji beda lanjut (LSD). Hasil: Uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa penurunan yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing obat kumur merupakan penurunan yang signifikan. Hasil uji t-berpasangan menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutans yang signifikan antara klorheksidin dan larutan teh hijau pada interval waktu 15 menit dan 30 menit setelah berkumur. Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara klorheksidin dan larutan teh hijau terhadap jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutans.

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Dental caries is a problematic area in pediatric dentistry, with Streptococcus mutans as the dominant bacterial cause. Green tea solution and chlorhexidine were effective in reducing the number of Streptococcus mutans. But study about the differences of these two materials has not been done. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine differences in the effectiveness of rinsing with 0.2% chlorhexidine and 2.5% green tea solution in reducing the number of Streptococcus mutans. Methods: This study is quase experimental study with cross-over design. Thirty children aged 6-12 years with poor OHI-S index were participated. Samples of saliva were taken respectively before rinsing for 3 seconds with 0.2% chlorhexidine solution and a solution of 2.5% green tea and 15 minutes followed 30 minutes after rinsing intervention. Saliva samples were taken to the laboratory then the number of Streptococcus mutans count were evaluated. The statistical analysis were performed by SPSS version 18.0 with ANOVA, t-paired and LSD test. Results: ANOVA test result showed that the decrease generated by each mouthwash is a significant reduction. T-paired test result showed that there is no difference in the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies significantly between chlorhexidine and green tea solution at 15 minutes dan 30 minutes after rinsing. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between chlorhexidine and green tea solution in reducing the number of Streptococcus mutans.;Pengurangan koloni Streptococcus mutans saliva pada anak setelah kumur larutan teh hijau 2,5%. Karies merupakan masalah dalam kedokteran gigi anak, dengan Streptococcus mutans sebagai bakteri dominan penyebab karies. Larutan teh hijau dan klorheksidin efektif mengurangi jumlah koloni dari Streptococcus .mutans. Namun belum diteliti lebih lanjut mengenai perbedaan efektivitas kedua bahan tersebut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas berkumur dengan klorheksidin 0,2% dan larutan teh hijau 2,5% dalam menurunkan jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutans. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental semu dengan desain cross over. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang anak-anak berusia 6-12 tahun dengan indeks OHI-S kurang. Sampel saliva diambil masing-masing sebelum berkumur selama 3 detik dengan larutan klorheksidin 0,2% dan larutan teh hijau 2,5% dan 15 menit dilanjutkan 30 menit setelah berkumur. Sampel saliva dibawa ke laboratorium kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah koloni bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 18.0 dengan uji ANOVA t-berpasangan, dan uji beda lanjut (LSD). Hasil: Uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa penurunan yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing obat kumur merupakan penurunan yang signifikan. Hasil uji t-berpasangan menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutans yang signifikan antara klorheksidin dan larutan teh hijau pada interval waktu 15 menit dan 30 menit setelah berkumur. Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara klorheksidin dan larutan teh hijau terhadap jumlah koloni Streptococcus mutans.

Abstrak :
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) adalah kondisi terdapat satu atau lebih kerusakan gigi, baik lesi dengan kavitas atau tanpa kavitas, kehilangan gigi akibat karies, atau penambalan permukaan gigi sulung pada usia antara usia lahir hingga 72 bulan. Streptococcus mutans merupakan mikroorganisme yang paling dominan pada terjadinya karies dan banyak terdapat dalam plak gigi.² Streptococcus mutans adalah bakteri anaerob fakultatif gram positif yang ada pada rongga mulut manusia. Secara struktur serotype - specific polysaccharides, Streptococcus mutans diklasifikasikan Streptococcus mutans diklasifikasikan ke dalam empat serotipe c, e, f, dan k. Prevalensi masing-masing serotipe  berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di Jakarta didominasi oleh serotipe f (85.5%), c (74.2%), dan e (22.6%). Ekstrak bawang putih atau yang dikenal dengan Allium sativum diketahui telah memiliki kemampuan menghambat aktivitas pada berbagai jenis bakteri patogen. Efek dari Allicin yang terkandung dalam bawang mampu menurunkan aktivitas bakteri dengan menghambat proses pembentukan biofilm. Aktivitas antibakteri dari empat konsentrasi Allium Sativum (10%, 25%, 50%, dan 100%) diteliti terhadap pembentukan biofilm Streptococcus mutans serotype c dan f menggunakan metode MTT Assay. Kontrol positif dengan chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% dan kontrol negatif. Data dianalisis dengan uji Kruskall wallis dan uji post-hoc Mann Whitney. Keempat konsentrasi mampu menurunkan viabilitas Streptococcus mutans serotipe c dan f.  Streptococcus mutans serotipe c memiliki konsentrasi yang signifikan pada 50% & 100%, sedangkan Streptococcus mutans serotipe f signifikan pada konsentrasi 100%. ......Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a condition of one or more tooth decay, either lesions with cavity or no cavity, caries-induced tooth loss, or patching of the surface of deciduous teeth between the ages of birth and 72 months. Streptococcus mutans is the most dominant microorganism on caries occurrence and is present in dental plaque. Streptococcus mutans is a gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria present in the human oral cavity. Structurally serotype - specific polysaccharides, Streptococcus mutans classified Streptococcus mutans are classified into four serotypes c, e, f, and k. The prevalence of each serotype based on research conducted in Jakarta is dominated by serotype f (85.5%), c (74.2%), and e (22.6%). Garlic extract or known as Allium sativum is known to have the ability to inhibit activity in various types of pathogenic bacteria. The effects of allicin contained in the garlic can decrease bacterial activity by inhibiting the biofilm formation process. The antibacterial activity of four Allium Sativum concentrations (10%, 25%, 50%, and 100%) was investigated on the formation of Streptococcus mutans serotype c and f using the MTT Assay method. Positive control with chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% and negative control. Data were analyzed by Kruskall wallis test and post-hoc Mann Whitney test. The four concentrations were able to decrease the viability of Streptococcus mutans serotype c and f. Streptococcus mutans serotype c has a significant concentration at 50% & 100%, while Streptococcus mutans serotype f is significant at 100% concentration.

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ABSTRAK
Obesitas adalah keadaan patologis akibat penimbunan jaringan lemak berlebih. Leptin merupakan indikator biologis untuk mengukur obesitas. Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri penyebab karies. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan pembentukan biofilm S. mutans in vitro antara anak obesitas dan anak normal (kajian kadar leptin saliva). Sampel plak dan saliva didapatkan dari 20 anak obesitas dan normal, dinilai sampel plak untuk uji biofilm dan ELISA untuk menilai kadar leptin saliva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan tidak bermakna pembentukan biofilm S. mutans in vitro antara anak obesitas dan normal (p=0.14) dengan kadar leptin saliva yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada anak obesitas dibandingkan anak normal (p=0.003).

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ABSTRACT
Obesity is pathological condition caused by accumulation of fatty tissue in excess. Leptin as biological indicator to measure obesity. Streptococcus mutans is etiology of dental caries. This study aimed to examine difference of biofilm formation S. mutans in vitro between obese and normal children (Review by Salivary Leptin Level). Plaque and saliva samples were collected from 20 obesity and normal children, in value biofilm formation by biofilm test and ELISA to assess salivary leptin level. The study showed no significance difference in biofilm formation S. mutans in vitro between obesity and normal children (p=0.14) with significance difference in salivary leptin in obese compared normal children (p=0.003).

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[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Hipersensitif dentin dipengaruhi oleh akumulasi plak pada permukaan gigi dan penetrasi bakteri pada tubulus dentin. Tujuan: Menganalisis proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans dan tingkat keasaman di dalam plak dan saliva penderita resesi gingiva yang hipersensitif dentin dengan penderita resesi gingiva yang non hipersensitif. Metode: Tiga puluh enam sampel plak dan saliva dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok hipersensitif dan non hipersensitif. Dilakukan ekstrak DNA sampel, pengukuran pH sampel dan evaluasi amplifikasi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans dengan alat Real Time PCR. Hasil: Proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans di dalam plak dan saliva tidak berbeda pada penderita resesi gingiva dengan hipersensitif dentin maupun non hipersensitif, Kesimpulan: Proporsi serotipe c Streptococcus mutans plak dan saliva tidak mempengaruhi hipersensitif dentin.

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ABSTRACT
Background: dentin hypersensitivity is affected by the accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface and penetration of bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Objective: To analyze the proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and the level of acidity in plaque and saliva of patients with hypersensitive dentin and non hypersensitive. Methods: Thirty-six plaque and saliva samples were divided into two groups: the hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive. Extract the sample DNA, measure the acidity levels and evaluate serotype c Streptococcus mutans amplification with Real Time PCR. Results: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva is not significantly different in the patients with gingival recession both hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive, Conclusions: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva are equally well both in hypersensitive and non hypersensitive cases.;Background: dentin hypersensitivity is affected by the accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface and penetration of bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Objective: To analyze the proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and the level of acidity in plaque and saliva of patients with hypersensitive dentin and non hypersensitive. Methods: Thirty-six plaque and saliva samples were divided into two groups: the hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive. Extract the sample DNA, measure the acidity levels and evaluate serotype c Streptococcus mutans amplification with Real Time PCR. Results: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva is not significantly different in the patients with gingival recession both hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive, Conclusions: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva are equally well both in hypersensitive and non hypersensitive cases., Background: dentin hypersensitivity is affected by the accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface and penetration of bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Objective: To analyze the proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans and the level of acidity in plaque and saliva of patients with hypersensitive dentin and non hypersensitive. Methods: Thirty-six plaque and saliva samples were divided into two groups: the hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive. Extract the sample DNA, measure the acidity levels and evaluate serotype c Streptococcus mutans amplification with Real Time PCR. Results: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva is not significantly different in the patients with gingival recession both hypersensitive and non-hypersensitive, Conclusions: The proportion of serotype c Streptococcus mutans in plaque and saliva are equally well both in hypersensitive and non hypersensitive cases.]

Abstrak :
Karies gigi merupakan penyakit rongga mulut yang sering terjadi. Prevalensi karies pada anak di berbagai negara masih tinggi. Cara mencegah karies dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian agen antibakteri, dimana penggunaan antibakteri alami semakin diminati. Flavonoid yang berasal dari bahan alam dapat menghambat glukosiltransferase GTF . GTF memfasilitasi pembentukan plak/ biofilm. Dari penelitian terdahulu, flavonoid propolis diketahui memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans namun belum ada penelitian yang menggunakan strain S.mutans klinis. S.mutans diisolasi dari plak gigi anak, kemudian dilakukan uji biofilm dengan crystal violet pada 96-microwell plate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh flavonoid propolis konsentrasi 0,05 dan 0,1 terhadap pembentukan biofilm S.mutans p>0,01 . Hal ini berarti flavonoid propolis 0,05 memiliki efek antibakteri yang sama dengan flavonoid propolis 0,1 dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm S.mutans. ......Objective This study was conducted to analyze the effects obtained with different concentrations 0.5 and 0.1 of propolis flavonoids on in vitro biofilm formation by clinical Streptococcus mutans S. mutans strains isolated from children rsquo s dental plaque. Methods S. mutans isolated from children 39 s dental plaque was assayed for biofilm formation in 96 microwell plates using crystal violet. Results The effects on S. mutans biofilm formation were the same for propolis flavonoids administered at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1 p 0.01 . Conclusion A 0.05 propolis flavonoids concentration was deemed as effective as a 0.1 concentration at inhibiting S.mutans biofilm formation.