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Abstrak :
Robotic Surgery adalah bentuk dari pengembangan teknologi kesehatan yang menggunakan sistem robot dan dikendalikan oleh manusia untuk membantu prosedur pembedahan, salah satu sistem robot bedah yang banyak digunakan di dunia terutama di Amerika adalah robot bedah daVinci, dimana salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Jakarta sudah melakukan pelayanan kesehatan dengan menggunakan robot bedah model tersebut sejak tahun 2012. Tetapi Indonesia belum memiliki standar kurikulum pelatihan dan sertifikasi pelatihan pengoprasian robotic surgery untuk dokter bedah serta tidak adanya pengaturan mengenai teknologi robotic surgery sebagai teknologi baru dalam peraturan hukum kesehatan Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan perbandingan dengan pengaturan robotic surgery di Amerika yang sudah mengimplementasikan sistem robot bedah sejak tahun 2000. Tidak seperti di Indonesia, sekarang Amerika sudah memiliki standar kurikulum pelatihan dan sertifikasi pelatihan pengoprasian robotic surgery namun pengaturan mengenai robotic surgery di Amerika masih dinilai kurang yang menyebabkan kecilnya tanggungjawab manufaktur robot bedah tersebut. Disarankan kepada Pemerintah Indonesia, Kementrian Kesehatan dan Kolegium Kedokteran Indonesia untuk dapat belajar dari pengalaman dan hukum di Amerika dalam pembuatan pengaturan robotic surgery di Indonesia. ......Robotic Surgery is a form of health techonology development that uses robotic system and is controlled by humans to help with surgical procedures, one of the most widely used robotic surgical system in the world especially in United State of America is the daVinci surgical system, where one of the private owned hospital in Jakarta been using it since 2012. But Indonesia doesn't have a standard training curriculum and robotic surgery training certification for surgeon and there's no regulation about robotic surgery as a new health technology in Indonesian health law regulation. The study was conducted by comparing with robotic surgery regulation in United State of America that already implemented it since 2000. Unlike in Indonesia, the American now already has a standard training curriculum and certification, but the regulation of robotic surgery is still lacking that narrows down the manufacturer's liability. Some advices to the Goverment of Indonesia, Indonesian Ministry of Health, and Medical College of Indonesia to able to learn from the Americas experience and regulation in the making of robotic surgery regulation in Indonesia.

Abstrak :

ABSTRACT
Purposes Laparoscopic gastrectomy using ultrasonic devices occasionally causes postoperative pancreatic fistula. Robotic gastrectomy using monopolar scissors may reduce intraoperative injury to the pancreas. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of robotic gastrectomy. Methods A multicenter prospective study was conducted to evaluate the surgical outcomes of robotic gastrectomy. The primary endpoints were the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications and operative mortality. Results A total of 115 patients were enrolled. The clinical T stages were T1 in 68 patients and T2 or higher in 47 patients. The types of surgery included distal gastrectomy (n = 72), total gastrectomy (n = 39), and proximal gastrectomy (n = 4). Two patients developed intraoperative complications (1,7%), but no cases required conversion to open surgery. The amylase concentration in drainage fluid was higher in cases with pancreatic compression, especially in those with compression for longer than 20 min. Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ II occurred in 11 patients (9,6%). There was no mortality. A multivariate analysis indicated that a high body mass index and pancreatic compression by an assistant for longer than 20 min were independent risk factors for postoperative complications (P = 0,029 and P = 0,010). Conclusions Robotic gastrectomy using monopolar scissors is safe and feasible. Robotic dissection without compression of the pancreas may reduce postoperative complications.

Abstrak :
The field of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has now taken centre stage in modern clinical practice. With ever changing technologies in the field of MIS, such as robotics, there is now the need to train the surgeon to the next degree. Training by simulation, whether virtual, hybrid, or real, allows the surgeon to rehearse, learn, improve or maintain their skills in a safe and stress free environment. Simulation training in laparoscopy and robotic surgery gives a true insight into the latest educational and learning techniques for new technologies in surgery. Written by an international team of experts, this illustrated text provides advice on specialised team training, non technical skills and simulation.