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Abstrak :
here is one issue in Jose Rizal’s life that historians have debated on several occasions but remains unsettled. That issue is whether Rizal, on the eve of his death, re-embraced the Catholic faith and disassociated himself from Masonry. The matter is controversial because parties on both sides are affiliated with an organization that promotes moral values and the pursuit of truth. The pro-retraction camp is represented by the Jesuits, the archbishop of Manila, and a few other members of the Catholic hierarchy. Since they are all ordained priests, they are assumed to be truthful in their pronouncements. Their opponents are the members of Masonry, an organization that promotes brotherhood, integrity, decency, and professionalism. This paper resurrects the retraction controversy in the light of the emergence of another primary source that speaks about what happened to Rizal on the eve of his death. This document was never considered in the history of the retraction controversy because it was made available to researchers only in the past decade. The author of the report is a credible eyewitness because he was physically present in the vicinity of where Rizal was detained. His narrative is lucid and contains details that cast doubt on the credibility and reliability of earlier primary sources on which previous narratives were based. This document needs serious consideration and should be included in the discourse on Rizal’s retraction.

Abstrak :
Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk memahami peranan Jose Rizal bersama kelompok reformasi selama berlangsungnya gerakan propaganda pada 1882?1896. Saat itu Filipina berada di bawah kekuasaan pemerintah kolonial Spanyol dan hal tersebut menjadi sebab utama dari terlaksananya kampanye propaganda yang diadakan di Eropa. Terdapat hubungan tak terpisahkan antara bruder Spanyol dan pemerintah kolonial di mana banyak terjadi ketidakadilan dan korupsi di Flilipina oleh karena bruder Spanyol mempunyai kekuasaan yang besar. Oleh karena itu, Jose Rizal menyumbangkan peranan penting bagi gerakan propaganda. Ia menulis dua buah novel yaitu Noli Me Tangere dan El Filibusterismo ketika ia berada di Eropa. Kedua novel itu menebar kritik di antara para bruder Spanyol. Hal tersebut memicu perang melalui tulisan antara kelompok propaganda dengan bruder Spanyol.Akhirnya pemerintah kolonial mencekal kedua novel itu akibatnya hal itu berdampak pada keberadaan kelompok propaganda. Studi ini akan melihat kontribusi pemikiran Jose Rizal dan juga memberikan proses bagaimana ia mempengaruhi Filipino dengan tulisannya. Usaha Jose Rizal membuahkan hasil meskipun ia ditangkap dan diasingkan oleh pemerintah kolonial Spanyol, pemikirannya diteruskan oleh kelompok revolusi menuju Filipina Merdeka. Hal tersebut menandakan gerakan propaganda telah sukses.

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The purpose of this study is to comprehend Jose Rizal?s role together with propaganda group during reform movement which took place during the final quarter of nineteenth century. In that time Philippines was under Spanish colonial rule and it became main reason for them to conduct propaganda campaign in Europe. There were interdependent relationship between Spanish friars and colonial government that caused many injustices and corrupt in Philippines. In that time, Spanish friars had been possessed a great power. Therefore, Jose Rizal contributed important role to propaganda movement. He wrote two phenomenal novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo when he was in Europe. Those novels scattered criticism among the Spanish friars. It had been triggered dynamic quarrel through writings between propagandists and Spanish friars. Finally, Spanish colonial government censored his novels and it brought one of the effect to the propagandists itself. This study will investigate the contributions of Jose Rizal's ideas and giving process how he influence through his writings to Filipino people without decreasing the role among other reform group members.