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ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh minyak zaitun dan minyak bekatul  terhadap kontrol glikemik dan profil lipid pada pasien dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2.

Metode: 10 subjek menerima 15 ml / hari minyak zaitun dan minyak bekatul. Kadar glukosa darah puasa, glukosa postprandial, kolesterol total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), dan trigliserida (TG) diukur. Subjek dicross over setelah periode wash out. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t berpasangan atau uji Wilcoxon yang sesuai dalam kelompok minyak bekatul dan minyak zaitun.

Hasil: perubahan glukosa darah puasa, glukosa postprandial, kolesterol total, LDL, dan TG tidak berbeda secara signifikan pada kedua kelompok. Namun, secara signifikan menurunkan kadar HDL diamati pada dua kelompok.

Kesimpulan: Minyak bekatul dan minyak zaitun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa dan glukosa postprandial.

 

Kata kunci: DM tipe 2; minyak bekatul; minyak zaitun; kontrol glikemik; profil lipid

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ABSTRACT

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and rice bran oil (RBO) on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: 10 subjects received 15 ml/day of EVOO and RBO. Fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Subjects were cross-covered after wash out. Data were analyzed using paired t-test or Wilcoxon test as appropriate in the group RBO and EVOO.

Results: the changes of fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, and TG were not significantly different in the two groups. However, significantly decreased the levels of HDL were observed in two groups.

Conclusion: RBO and EVOO no significant influence on the levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose.

 

Keywords: type 2 DM; EVOO; RBO; glycemic control; lipid profile

 

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"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh minyak zaitun dan minyak bekatul terhadap kontrol glikemik dan profil lipid pada pasien dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2.Metode: 10 subjek menerima 15 ml / hari minyak zaitun dan minyak bekatul. Kadar glukosa darah puasa, glukosa postprandial, kolesterol total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), dan trigliserida (TG) diukur. Subjek dicross over setelah periode wash out. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t berpasangan atau uji Wilcoxon yang sesuai dalam kelompok minyak bekatul dan minyak zaitun.Hasil: perubahan glukosa darah puasa, glukosa postprandial, kolesterol total, LDL, dan TG tidak berbeda secara signifikan pada kedua kelompok. Namun, secara signifikan menurunkan kadar HDL diamati pada dua kelompok.Kesimpulan: Minyak bekatul dan minyak zaitun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa dan glukosa postprandial.

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ABSTRACT

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and rice bran oil (RBO) on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: 10 subjects received 15 ml/day of EVOO and RBO. Fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Subjects were cross-covered after wash out. Data were analyzed using paired t-test or Wilcoxon test as appropriate in the group RBO and EVOO.

Results: the changes of fasting blood glucose, postprandial glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, and TG were not significantly different in the two groups. However, significantly decreased the levels of HDL were observed in two groups.

Conclusion: RBO and EVOO no significant influence on the levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial glucose."

"The purpose of this study is to develop natural zeolite impregnated with potassium nitrate (KNO3) as a heterogenous catalyst for the transesteri?cation of rice bran oil (RBO) in order to produce Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). We conducted the Nitrogen adsorption-desorption method, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrometer, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis in order to characterize the physicochemical properties of the modified natural zeolite catalysts. We investigated the influences of RBO to methanol mole ratio in the range of 1:6 to 1:12. The variation of natural zeolite catalyst amount performed, also, at 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 wt. % of RBO. Moreover, the reaction temperatures were varied at room temperature (32°C), 60°C and 67.5°C. The highest biodiesel yield was 83.2% which was obtained at a ratio of 1:12 RBO to methanol mole, an amount of modified natural zeolite catalyst of 10 wt.% of RBO and a reaction temperature of 67.5°C. In order to study the reusability of modified natural zeolite catalyst, three successive transesteri?cation reactions were carried out using the same reaction conditions."

"Gamma oryzanol dalam Rice Bran Oil (RBO) telah diteliti melindungi mukosa dengan menghambat sekresi asam dan bertindak sebagai prekusor pada sintesis prostaglandin sehingga diduga berpotensi sebagai gastroprotektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formulasi mikrokapsul RBO dengan kadar γ-oryzanol tertinggi dan untuk mengetahui efek gastroprotektif mikrokapsul RBO pada tikus yang diinduksi indometasin (80 mg/kg bb). Response Surface Metodology (RSM) Box-Behnken dengan 3 faktor digunakan untuk mengoptimasi kondisi pembuatan mikrokapsul. Dilakukan karakterisasi terhadap kadar tertinggi γ-oryzanol, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), particle size distribution, swelling ratio, efisiensi penjerapan, dan disolusi in vitro. Uji aktivitas gastroprotektif dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok yang diberikan aquades, indometasin (80 mg/kg bb), omeprazole 40 mg/kg bb, mikrokapsul RBO (160 mg/200 g bb, 320 mg/200 g bb) dan RBO (0.1 ml/200 g bb; 0.2 ml/200 g bb) secara oral selama 7 hari. Pengamatan dilakukan pada % inhibsi ulkus, derajat keasaman lambung, determinasi mukus serta gambaran histopatologi lambung tikus. Hasil optimasi RSM menunjukkan formula R 11 memberikan kadar γ-oryzanol paling tinggi dengan perbandingan 1,5% natrium alginat:RBO:emulgator (60%:30%:10%) sebesar 0,75%. Hasil SEM menunjukkan permukaan yang berpori dengan distribusi ukuran partikel rata-rata 647,013±41,68 µm. Hasil % swelling ratio tertinggi pada medium HCl sebesar 44,43%±1,01 pada menit ke 60 dan pada medium aquades sebesar 191,74%±1,85 pada menit ke 240. Hasil efisiensi penjerapan tertinggi sebesar 2,48% dan hasil uji disolusi menunjukkan jumlah γ-oryzanol yang terdisolusi sebesar 9,56 % pada medium HCl pH 1,2 dan 50,65% pada medium dapar fosfat. Hasil uji aktivitas gastroprotektif menunjukkan pemberian mikrokapsul RBO dan RBO dapat menaikkan % inhbisi ulkus secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (p <0.05). Hasil pemeriksaan derajat keasaman lambung menunjukkan mikrokapsul RBO dapat menurunkan derajat keasaman lambung (1,7919 µek/200 g bb). Hasil determinasi mukus menunjukkan lambung tikus yang diberikan mikrokapsul RBO memiliki ketebalan mukus lebih tinggi (0,89586/g bb) jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok negatif. Analisis lebih lanjut pada evaluasi histopatologi menunjukkan peningkatan proteksi dilihat dari rendahnya edema, erosi hemoragik, kongesti kapiler dan infiltrasi leukosit pada submukosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Mikrokapsul RBO berpotensi sebagai gastroprotektif pada tikus yang diinduksi indometasin.

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Gamma oryzanol content in Rice Bran Oil (RBO) has been studied to protect gastric mucosa by inhibition of acid secretion that stimulated by histamine receptor and also act as a precursor to prostaglandin synthesis. The objective of this research was to obtained the formulation of RBO microcapsules with highest γ-oryzanol content and to evaluated the gastroprotective effect of RBO microcapsules on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. The Response Surface Metodology (RSM) Box-Behnken design on three factors was used to optimize the microencapsulation conditions. Gamma oryzanol content, Scanning Electron Microsope (SEM), particle size distribution, swelling ratio, entrapment efficiency and in vitro dissolution was also characterized. The gastroprotective study was performed on 7 groups who are administered orally the treatment of aquadest, indomethacin (80 mg/kg BW), omeprazole (40 mg/kg BW), RBO microcapsules (160 mg/200 g BW and 320 mg/200 g BW) and RBO (0,1 ml/200 g BW and 0,2 ml/200 g BW) for seven days. The effect on % inhibition, gastric content, determination of mucous stomach and histopathological analysis were also evaluated.

The optimization result was on formula R 11 by comparison of 1,5% sodium alginate:RBO:emulgator (60%:30%:10%) was 0,75%. The SEM shown porous surface and the average of particle distribution was 647±68 µm. The highest swelling ratio was 44,43%±1,01 in HCl medium and 191,74%±1,85 in aquadest. The highest entrapment efficiency was 2,48% and the in vitro dissolution was 9,56% in simulated gastric fluid and 50,65% in simulated intestine fluid. The gastroprotective result showed that RBO microcapsules treatment could significantly reduced ulcer index in indomethacininduced gastric ulcers compared with negative control (p < 0.05). The RBO microcapsules can reduce gastric content (1,7919 µek/200 g BW) and also highest determination of mucous (0,89586/g BW) compared with negative control. Further evaluation on HE revealed higher protection characterized by lower edema,capiler congestion, mild hemorrhagic erosion and lower leucocyte infiltration in submucosa. This research shown that RBO microcapsules have potential to be gastroprotective agent by indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. "