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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kader posyandu merupakan tenaga alternatif dalam skrining Early Childhood Caries (ECC) dengan indeks PUFA/pufa untuk mendeteksi ECC tidak terawat. Tujuan : menganalisis kemungkinan kader posyandu dapat diberdayakan dalam skrining Early Childhood Caries dengan indeks PUFA/pufa. Metode : uji diagnostik dengan pendekatan Cross-Sectional yang dilakukan pada anak usia 36-71 bulan di posyandu-PAUD Kabupaten Sijunjung Sumatera Barat. Kader posyandu sebagai examiner pufa dipilih sebanyak tujuh orang dan dilatih serta dikalibrasi. Pemeriksaan dilakukan pada 133 anak di enam posyandu-PAUD oleh kader posyandu sebagai indeks dan dokter gigi sebagai reference standard dengan teknik blinding. Hasil : reliabilitas/presisi pemeriksaan pufa kumulatif oleh kader posyandu dengan nilai Kappa 0,88 termasuk tingkat kesesuaian sangat kuat. Nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas pufa kumulatif sebesar 96% dan 94% yang merupakan nilai diagnostik sangat baik. Positive predictive values (PPV) dan Negative Predictive Values (NPV) variabel pufa kumulatif adalah 89% dan 98%, keduanya termasuk nilai diagnostik yang sangat baik. Kesimpulan : kader posyandu dapat diberdayakan dalam kegiatan skrining Early Childhood Caries menggunakan indeks PUFA/pufa baik di posyandu maupun di Pos PAUD pada anak usia 36-71 bulan.

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ABSTRACT
Posyandu cadres in Sijunjung West Sumatra is an alternative personnel that can be empowered in the screening of Early Childhood Caries ( ECC ) using index PUFA / pufa to detect Untreated ECC. Objective: to analyze the possibility of posyandu cadres to be empowered in the screening of Early Childhood Caries ( ECC ) using the PUFA / pufa index. Methods : diagnostic test with a cross - sectional approach was conducted in Sijunjung West Sumatra in children aged 36-71 months in posyandu - PAUD. Seven posyandu cadres as pufa examiner were selected and trained also calibrated to use pufa index. Examination of 133 children in six posyandu - PAUD by posyandu cadres as index and dentist as reference standard was performed with blinding technique. Results : the reliability / precision of the cumulative pufa with kappa was 0.88, it is a strong agreement. The sensitivity and spesificity of cumulative pufa were 96% and 94%, they are both very good diagnostic values. Positive Predictive Values ​​( PPV ) and Negative Predictive Values ( NPV ) for the cumulative pufa were 89 % and 98 %, both are very good diagnostic values . Conclusion : posyandu cadres can be empowered in the screening of Early Childhood Caries using PUFA / pufa index either in posyandu or Pos PAUD in children aged 36-71 months.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Latar balakang. Sekitar 75% kanker leher rahim datang ke rumah sakit dalam stadium lanjut. Terapi utama kanker serviks stadium lanjut adalah radioterapi. Kombinasi terapi radiasi dengan kemoterapi ternyata tidak menghasilkan respons terapi yang lebih baik, tetapi bahkan menimbulkan efek samping yang lebih berat dibandingkan terapi radiasi saja. Perubahan pola makan saat ini, diduga berpengaruh pada respons terapi. Rasio asupan Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) n-6 : n-3 sekitar 1-2 : 1 dapat melawan pertumbuhan kanker. Beberapa publikasi melaporkan bahwa PUFA n-3 (AL n-3) mempunyai efek pro-apoptosis, anti-inflamasi, anti-proliferatif dan anti-angiogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah suplementasi nutrisi tinggi PUFA bersamaan dengan terapi radiasi dapat meningkatkan respons tumor pada kanker serviks stadium lanjut. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan Randomized Clinical Trial, double blind pada pasien kanker serviks stadium lanjut, jenis karsinoma sel skuama yang hanya mendapat terapi radiasi di Departemen Radioterapi, Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM), Jakarta. Subjek penelitian diambil secara konsekutif, melalui randomisasi dibagi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Selama radiasi subjek penelitian mendapat suplementasi nutrisi mengandung isokalori dan isoprotein dengan rasio AL n-6 : n-3 = 1,27 : 1 dan kontrol. Selama perlakuan dilakukan evaluasi setiap lima kali radiasi, meliputi BB dan efek samping radiasi akut. Parameter yang dinilai adalah respons klinis, respons histopatologis serta perubahan kadar PGE2 dan VEGF serum. Hasil. Sebanyak 31 subjek dari 45 subjek dapat menyelesaikan penelitian. Sebelum perlakuan, status sosio-demografi, pola asupan AL n-6 dan n-3, status gizi dan klinis tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna. Setelah perlakuan, didapatkan penurunan kadar PGE2 serum pada kelompok perlakuan, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mengalami kenaikan (p = 0,127). Penurunan kadar VEGF kelompok perlakuan lebih besar dibanding kontrol (p = 0,626). Respons klinis dan respons histopatologis kelompok perlakuan lebih baik dibanding kontrol, dengan kemaknaan masing-masing p = 0,172 dan p = 0,169. Secara statistik belum didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada penurunan kadar PGE2 dan VEGF serum, respons klinis dan respons histopatologis, tetapi didapat kemaknaan klinis yang nyata pada kelompok perlakuan dibanding kontrol. Analisis statistik gabungan dari respons klinis, respons histopatologis, kadar PGE2 dan VEGF serum didapatkan respons tumor total yang bermakna (p = 0,048). Kesimpulan. Suplementasi nutrisi tinggi PUFA dengan rasio asam lemak n-6 : n- 3 = 1,27 : 1 pada kanker serviks stadium lanjut bersama terapi radiasi memberikan respons tumor total yang lebih baik.;

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ABSTRACT
Background . Approximately 75% of uterine cervical cancer came to the hospital in an advanced stage. Primary therapy of advanced cervical cancer is radiotherapy. The combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy did not give better outcomes, but even cause more severe side effects than radiotherapy. Changes in dietary intake at this time, are supposed to influence the response to therapy. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) about 1-2: 1 can fight cancer growth. Several publications stated that n-3 PUFA has pro- apoptotic effect, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic. This study aimed to examine whether radiotherapy combined with daily nutritional supplements enriched PUFA enhance tumor response in advanced cervical cancer. Method. This study was a double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) in patients with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer, received radiation only as control group, and those who received nutritional supplementation containing isocaloric and isoprotein with ratio of n-6 : n-3 PUFA = 1.27: 1 as treatment group. This study was performed in the Department of Radiotherapy Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSUPNCM), Jakarta. Evaluation was done every five times radiation, including Karnofsky Perfomance Scale, body weight and side effects of acute radiation. Parameters assessed were clinical and hematological response, histopathological response and changes in the levels of PGE2 and VEGF serum, Results. A total of 31 subjects from 45 subjects participated the study completely. Prior to treatment, socio-demographic status, patterns of n-6 and n-3 PUFA, clinical and nutritional status were analyzed, no significant differences were noted. After treatment, a decrease in serum PGE2 levels in the treatment group was found, while in the control group increased (P = 0.127). VEGF in the treatment group declined higher than controls (P = 0.626). Treatment group showed significant better clinical response and histopathological responses compared to the control group (p = 0.172 and p = 0.169). No significant differences were found in the reduction of PGE2 and VEGF serum levels, clinical response and histopathological response, although from clinical standpoint there is a better significant response in the treatment group than the control. The combined statistical analysis of clinical response, histopathological response, PGE2 and VEGF serum levels obtained total tumor response (P = 0.048). Conclusion. Nutritional supplementation enriched PUFA (ratio of n-6: n-3 PUFA = 1.27 : 1) in advanced cervical cancer receiving radiotherapy gives better total tumor response.;Background . Approximately 75% of uterine cervical cancer came to the hospital in an advanced stage. Primary therapy of advanced cervical cancer is radiotherapy. The combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy did not give better outcomes, but even cause more severe side effects than radiotherapy. Changes in dietary intake at this time, are supposed to influence the response to therapy. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) about 1-2: 1 can fight cancer growth. Several publications stated that n-3 PUFA has pro- apoptotic effect, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic. This study aimed to examine whether radiotherapy combined with daily nutritional supplements enriched PUFA enhance tumor response in advanced cervical cancer. Method. This study was a double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) in patients with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer, received radiation only as control group, and those who received nutritional supplementation containing isocaloric and isoprotein with ratio of n-6 : n-3 PUFA = 1.27: 1 as treatment group. This study was performed in the Department of Radiotherapy Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSUPNCM), Jakarta. Evaluation was done every five times radiation, including Karnofsky Perfomance Scale, body weight and side effects of acute radiation. Parameters assessed were clinical and hematological response, histopathological response and changes in the levels of PGE2 and VEGF serum, Results. A total of 31 subjects from 45 subjects participated the study completely. Prior to treatment, socio-demographic status, patterns of n-6 and n-3 PUFA, clinical and nutritional status were analyzed, no significant differences were noted. After treatment, a decrease in serum PGE2 levels in the treatment group was found, while in the control group increased (P = 0.127). VEGF in the treatment group declined higher than controls (P = 0.626). Treatment group showed significant better clinical response and histopathological responses compared to the control group (p = 0.172 and p = 0.169). No significant differences were found in the reduction of PGE2 and VEGF serum levels, clinical response and histopathological response, although from clinical standpoint there is a better significant response in the treatment group than the control. The combined statistical analysis of clinical response, histopathological response, PGE2 and VEGF serum levels obtained total tumor response (P = 0.048). Conclusion. Nutritional supplementation enriched PUFA (ratio of n-6: n-3 PUFA = 1.27 : 1) in advanced cervical cancer receiving radiotherapy gives better total tumor response., Background . Approximately 75% of uterine cervical cancer came to the hospital in an advanced stage. Primary therapy of advanced cervical cancer is radiotherapy. The combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy did not give better outcomes, but even cause more severe side effects than radiotherapy. Changes in dietary intake at this time, are supposed to influence the response to therapy. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) about 1-2: 1 can fight cancer growth. Several publications stated that n-3 PUFA has pro- apoptotic effect, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic. This study aimed to examine whether radiotherapy combined with daily nutritional supplements enriched PUFA enhance tumor response in advanced cervical cancer. Method. This study was a double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) in patients with advanced squamous cell cervical cancer, received radiation only as control group, and those who received nutritional supplementation containing isocaloric and isoprotein with ratio of n-6 : n-3 PUFA = 1.27: 1 as treatment group. This study was performed in the Department of Radiotherapy Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSUPNCM), Jakarta. Evaluation was done every five times radiation, including Karnofsky Perfomance Scale, body weight and side effects of acute radiation. Parameters assessed were clinical and hematological response, histopathological response and changes in the levels of PGE2 and VEGF serum, Results. A total of 31 subjects from 45 subjects participated the study completely. Prior to treatment, socio-demographic status, patterns of n-6 and n-3 PUFA, clinical and nutritional status were analyzed, no significant differences were noted. After treatment, a decrease in serum PGE2 levels in the treatment group was found, while in the control group increased (P = 0.127). VEGF in the treatment group declined higher than controls (P = 0.626). Treatment group showed significant better clinical response and histopathological responses compared to the control group (p = 0.172 and p = 0.169). No significant differences were found in the reduction of PGE2 and VEGF serum levels, clinical response and histopathological response, although from clinical standpoint there is a better significant response in the treatment group than the control. The combined statistical analysis of clinical response, histopathological response, PGE2 and VEGF serum levels obtained total tumor response (P = 0.048). Conclusion. Nutritional supplementation enriched PUFA (ratio of n-6: n-3 PUFA = 1.27 : 1) in advanced cervical cancer receiving radiotherapy gives better total tumor response.]

Abstrak :
Pola makan, khususnya asupan asam lemak dapat merupakan informasi yang sangat berarti dalam memberikan pengertian atau penjelasan mengenai peranan hubungan diet dengan penyakit-penyakit kronis, khususnya pennyakit jantung koroner (PJK). Desain penelitian ini adalah “cross sectional”. Informasi dikumpulkan untuk dapat menggambarkan asupan nutrien khususnya asupan asam lemak pada 4 (empat) kelompok etnik yaitu: etnik Minangkabau, Sunda, Jawa dan Bugis. Persentase asam lemak jenuh terhadap total energi sekitar 20% pada keempak kelompok etnik ini.Persentase asam lemak tidak jenuh majemuk terhadap total energi berkisar diantara 4.4% sampai 4.6% pada kelompok etnik Sunda dan Jawa.Sedangkan pada kedua etnik lainnya, persentase asam lemak tidak jenuh majemuk terhadap total energi lebih rendah, 2.6% pada suku Minangkabau dan 2.8% pada suku Bugis. Persentase asam lemak tidak jenuh tunggal terhadap total energi lebih tinggi pada etnik Sunda dan Jawa (6.1% vs 5.5%) Sedangkan persentase asam lemak tidak jenuh tunggal terhadap total energi pada kedua etnik lainnya Minangkabau dan Bugis lebih rendah (2.6% vs 2.8). Berdasarkan ratio dari asam lemak tidak jenuh majemuk dengan asam lemak tidak jenuh tungal dan dengan asam lemak jenuh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa suku Minangkabau dan Bugis memiliki kualitas pola diet asupan lemak yang kurang baik. Selain kurang baiknya pola diet asuapan lemak, suku Minangkabau juga mengkomsumsi total asupan lemak yang cukup tinggi, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa suku Minangkabau mempunyai risiko tinggi terhadap dislipidemia dibandingkan dengan ketiga kelompok etnik lainnya. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:242-8)

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The use of dietary pattern specifically fatty acids intake should prove to be an informative and powerful means to augment our understanding of the role of diet in chronic disease particularly CHD. Cross sectional study was implemented to describe the nutrients intake specifically fatty acids intake of 4 (four) ethnic groups in Indonesia, such as Minangkabau, Sundanese, Javanese and Buginese. The percentage of saturated fatty acid (SAFA) to total energy intakes were around 20%. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to the total energy were about 4.4% to 4.6% among the Sundanese and the Javanese.While among the other two ethnic groups, the percentage of PUFA to total energy were less, 2.6 % among the Minangkabau and 2.8% among the Buginese ethnic. The percentage of mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) to total energy intake were higher among the two ethnic groups, Sundanese and Javanese (6.1% vs. 5.5%). While the percentages of MUFA between the other two ethnic groups Minangkabau and Buginese ethnic were lower (2.6% vs. 2.8%). Based on the ratio of PUFA: MUFA: SAFA, we could consider that Minangkabau and Buginese ethnic groups both had poor quality of dietary fat pattern. Having the poor quality of dietary fat pattern and higher fat intake, we might take into consideration that the Minangkabau ethnic groups, had higher risk toward dyslipidemia compared to the other three ethnic groups. (Med J Indones 2005; 14:242-8)

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup adalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Keadaan gigi dan mulut anak usia 12 tahun sangat rentan. Tujuannya menganalisis status kesehatan gigi dan mulut dihubungkan dengan kualitas hidup anak menggunakan COHIP-SF versi Indonesia. Penelitian analitik dengan desain cross-sectional, pada 300 anak usia 12 tahun, wawancara dan pemeriksaan. Diketahui rerata DMF-T 2,51, rerata PUFA 0,49 gigi perorang, dan OHI-S 1,70. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara DMF-T dengan COHIP-SF versi Indonesia(rs=-0,1, p=0,017), PUFA(rs=-0,16, p=0,005) dan OHI-S(rs=-0,16, p=0,004) dengan COHIP-SF versi Indonesia. Kesimpulannya semakin baik status kesehatan gigi anak maka kualitas hidup anak akan semakin baik.

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ABSTRACT
One the factors that affect the quality of life is the dental oral health. Especially the condition of teeth and mouth child 12 years of age are particularly vulnerable. Objective:To analyze the dental health status linked to the quality of life of children using COHIP-SF Indonesian version. Methods:The study analytic with cross-sectional design, the 300 children, interview and examination. Results:The mean DMF-T 2.51, PUFA 0.49, OHI-S 1.70. There is a significant association between the DMF-T (rs=-0.1;p=0.017), PUFA(rs=-0.16;p=0.005), OHI-S (rs=- 0,16;p=0.004) with COHIP-SF Indonesian version. Conclusion:The better the dental health status of children, is the quality of life the children will be better., One the factors that affect the quality of life is the dental oral health. Especially the condition of teeth and mouth child 12 years of age are particularly vulnerable. Objective:To analyze the dental health status linked to the quality of life of children using COHIP-SF Indonesian version. Methods:The study analytic with cross-sectional design, the 300 children, interview and examination. Results:The mean DMF-T 2.51, PUFA 0.49, OHI-S 1.70. There is a significant association between the DMF-T (rs=-0.1;p=0.017), PUFA(rs=-0.16;p=0.005), OHI-S (rs=- 0,16;p=0.004) with COHIP-SF Indonesian version. Conclusion:The better the dental health status of children, is the quality of life the children will be better.]

Abstrak :
Aspergillus oryzae dilakukan kultivasi pada medium limbah berupa onggok dan ampas tahu dengan menggunakan metode submerged fermentation dan ekstraksi sonikasi dengan pelarut etanol untuk menghasilkan asam lemak tak jenuh. Ekstraksi etanol merupakan salah satu ekstraksi yang aman, sehingga asam lemak yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan pada industri pangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa suhu optimum dalam produksi asam lemak tak jenuh berada pada suhu 300C dengan menghasilkan 65,88 % asam lemak tak jenuh terdiri dari 1,28% MUFA dan 64,6 % PUFA, serta pH 4 menghasilkan asam lemak tak jenuh tertinggi sebesar 54,44% dengan 1,84% MUFA dan 52,6% PU. ......Aspergillus oryzae is cultivated in medium based on onggok and tofu?s solid waste by using submerged fermentation and extraction of sonication with ethanol solvent to produce unsaturated fatty acid. Ethanol extraction is one of the safe extraction methods, so the fatty acid can be applied to the food industry. The result showed the optimum incubation temperature in the production of unsaturated fatty acid at 300C with 65.88% unsaturated fatty acids that consist of 1.28% MUFA and 64.6% PUFA. And also pH 4 result the highest unsaturated fatty acid of 54.44 with 1.84% MUFA and 52.6% PUFA.

Abstrak :
Dua persen dari 48 juta penyandang cacat menderita tuna grahita, dimana penyebab terbesar adalah kekurangan Arachidonic Acid AA , Docosahexaeonic Acid DHA dan Eicosapentanoic Acid EPA yang berperan dalam perkembangan otak. Single Cell Oil, yaitu pemanfaatan mikroorganisme satu sel, dapat menjadi solusi, seperti kapang Aspergillus oryzae, untuk menghasilkan AA, DHA EPA. Kapang A. oryzae dikultivasi pada medium Potato Dextrose Agar PDA, Czapek Dox Agar CDA dan Malt Extract Agar MEA, lalu divariasikan waktu inkubasinya selama 2,4,5,6 dan 7 hari pada medium yang optimal. Lipid kapang diekstrak menggunakan etanol dan n-heksana. Karakterisasi lipid kapang dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi gas GC. Medium yang paling optimal adalah CDA dengan produktivitas lipid 21,516. Waktu inkubasi yang paling optimal pada medium CDA adalah 5 hari dengan produktivitas lipid sebesar 33,59 yang mengandung 58,3 asam lemak tak jenuh. Komposisi asam lemak tak jenuh yang dihasilkan pada hari ke-5 adalah 29,2 oleat; 29,1 linoleat dan 0,046 EPA.

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Two percent of the 48 million people with disabilities suffer from mental illness, where the biggest cause is the lack of Arachidonic Acid AA , Docosahexaeonic Acid DHA and Eicosapentanoic Acid EPA that play a role in brain development. Single Cell Oil, which utilizes one cell microorganism, can be a solution, such as Aspergillus oryzae, to produce AA, DHA EPA. A. oryzae was cultivated on Potato Dextrose Agar PDA, Czapek Dox Agar CDA and Malt Extract Agar MEA, then the incubation time are 2,4,5,6 and 7 days in optimal medium. Lipid were extracted using ethanol and n hexane. The characterization of lipid was done by gas chromatography GC method. The most optimal medium is CDA with a lipid yield of 21.516. The most optimal incubation time on CDA medium was 5 days with 33.59 lipid productivity containing 58.3 unsaturated fatty acid. The unsaturated fatty acid composition produced on the 5th day was 29.2 oleate 29.1 linoleate and 0.046 EPA.

Abstrak :
Tujuan: Menganalisis perbandingan informasi self-perceived dengan diagnosis klinis status karies gigi anak usia 12-15 tahun. Metode: Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan informasi self-perceived dan pemeriksaan indeks DMFT dan PUFA dilakukan pada 494 anak di enam SMP Negeri di Jakarta. Hasil: Hasil sensitivitas paling tinggi untuk indeks DMFT gold standard adalah dari pertanyaan kebutuhan perawatan, yaitu 0.86 dengan spesifisitas 0.23. Hasil spesifisitas paling tinggi adalah dari pertanyaan mengenai sakit gigi 0.89 dengan sensitivitas 0.26. Untuk indeks PUFA gold standard , sensitivitas tertinggi adalah pertanyaan pendapat keadaan gigi 0.92 dengan spesifisitas 0.57. Spesifisitas paling tinggi adalah pertanyaan mengenai sakit gigi 0.82 dengan sensitivitas 0.40. Prevalensi dan skor rata-rata DMFT dan PUFA berurutan adalah 68.4 dan 2.4; 17.6 dan 0.2. Kesimpulan: Kuesioner lebih sensitif terhadap indeks PUFA sebagai gold standard dibandingkan dengan indeks DMFT. Informasi self-perceived yang didapat dari kuesioner tidak dapat dengan baik mengevaluasi status klinis karies gigi karena kurangnya persepsi anak terhadap sehat dan sakit. ......Objective: To analyze the comparison of self perceived information and clinically diagnosed dental health status among children aged 12 15 years. Methods: A cross sectional study using questionnaire to obtain self perceived information and clinical examination using DMFT and PUFA indices was performed on 494 children in six junior high school in Jakarta. Results: The highest sensitivity for DMFT index as the gold standard was found in question about treatment need, 0.86 with specificity of 0.23. The highest specificity was found in question about dental pain 0.89 with specificity of 0.26. When using the PUFA index as the gold standard, the highest sensitivity was found in question about opinion regarding dental health, 0.92 with specificity of 0.57. The highest specificity was found in question about dental pain 0.82 with sensitivity of 0.40. The prevalence and mean DMFT and PUFA index was 68.4 and 2.4 17.6 and 0.2, respectively. Conclusion: Questionnaire was more sensitive using the PUFA index as the gold standard than the DMFT index. Self perceived information obtained from the questionnaire were of low value in evaluating dental health status due to the lack of children rsquo s health and disease perception.

Abstrak :
The high incidence cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors among various ethnic groups in Indonesia is possibly closely related to the nutrients intake pattern of groups in Indonesia especially the Minangkabau ethnis group.Therefore a cross sectional study was implemented to describe the nutrients intake pattern of he Minangkabau ethnis group. To achieve the objective the required sample size of 480 was selected. The studies population consisted of adults aged 18 years and olders, living in the city of Padang. This study used sub-samples of a Body Mass Index Survey in provinces of Indonesia. Data of actual food intake, colledted through a 24-hours dietary recall method were used to estimate the nutrient intake pattern. The nutrients intake data showed that the Minangkabau ethnic group had a poor quality if dietary fat pattern and a high risk toward cardiovaxcular risk factors, especially concerning dyslipidemia.

Abstrak :
Peningkatan Apolipoprotein B-48 sebagai marker kilomikron remnan lebih akurat mengenali penebalan tunika intima media arteri, bahkan pada kadar trigliserida normal. Sayangnya, pemeriksaan ini mahal untuk diaplikasikan dalam praktek sehari-hari. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan membentuk sebuah indeks risiko obesitas yang setara dengan nilai ApoB-48 namun lebih murah untuk diaplikasikan. Sebanyak 94 wanita, usia 19-50 tahun dengan IMT ge;25kg/m2 bergabung dalam penelitian kroseksional ini. Indeks risiko obesitas dibentuk melalui 2 fase, fase pertama adalah mencari hubungan antara faktor risiko obesitas pemeriksaan antropometri, asupan lemak polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, saturated, trans fatty acids, kolesterol dan kadar trigliserida terhadap ApoB-48. Asupan lemak dianalisis dengan recall 2x24 jam. Tahap berikutnya adalah pembentukan indeks. Fase ini dibagi atas membuat short list kuesioner untuk asupan, validasi short list kuesioner untuk asupan, setelah itu mencari hubungan antara skor indeks dengan ApoB-48. Semakin tinggi skor maka semakin tinggi ApoB-48. Sebagian besar subyek memiliki asupan lemak total, saturated fat, dan kolesterol di atas nilai rekomendasi 56,9 18,6 g vs 22.8 9.61 g vs 260.7 165.1 mg . ApoB-48 secara signifikan berhubungan dengan trigliserida B= 0.40, 95 CI= 0.02, 0.07, p=

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Elevated level of Apolipoprotein B 48 as a marker of chylomicron remnants is shown to be more accurate than trigliceride in predicting higher intimal media artery thickness, even in normal triglycerides subject. However, this assesment is expensive to be routinely applied in health care practice. Therefore, we developed an easy and economical obesity risk factor index that is expected to be equivalent with apoB 48 marker. A cross sectional study was carried out enrolling 94 healthy obese women aged 19 50 y.o with body mass index of ge 25kg m2. Obesity risk factor index was developed in two phases. The first phase was to determine the association between risk factor of obesity anthropometric measurement, dietary fat intake polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, saturated, trans fatty acids, cholesterol , and triglyceride level with apoB 48 value. The second phase was to develop an obesity risk factor index. Dietary fat were assessed by 2 repeated 24 hour recall. Only triglicerides level and cholesterol intake showed association with apoB 48. Later, development phase of the index was divided into development of short list questionairre intake, validation of short list cholesterol intake, and association analysis score of obesity risk factor index with ApoB 48. Higher total risk factor score indicates an increment ApoB 48 level. The majority of subject had total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake above the recommended value 56,9 18,6 g vs 22.8 9.61 g vs 260.7 165.1 mg . A significant positive correlation was found in total score of the obesity risk factor index with ApoB 48 coefficient correlation 0.48, p

Abstrak :
Peningkatan Apolipoprotein B-48 sebagai marker kilomikron remnan lebih akurat mengenali penebalan tunika intima media arteri, bahkan pada kadar trigliserida normal. Sayangnya, pemeriksaan ini mahal untuk diaplikasikan dalam praktek sehari-hari. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan membentuk sebuah indeks risiko obesitas yang setara dengan nilai ApoB-48 namun lebih murah untuk diaplikasikan. Sebanyak 94 wanita, usia 19-50 tahun dengan IMT ge;25kg/m2 bergabung dalam penelitian kroseksional ini. Indeks risiko obesitas dibentuk melalui 2 fase, fase pertama adalah mencari hubungan antara faktor risiko obesitas pemeriksaan antropometri, asupan lemak polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, saturated, trans fatty acids, kolesterol dan kadar trigliserida terhadap ApoB-48. Asupan lemak dianalisis dengan recall 2x24 jam. Tahap berikutnya adalah pembentukan indeks. Fase ini dibagi atas membuat short list kuesioner untuk asupan, validasi short list kuesioner untuk asupan, setelah itu mencari hubungan antara skor indeks dengan ApoB-48. Semakin tinggi skor maka semakin tinggi ApoB-48. Sebagian besar subyek memiliki asupan lemak total, saturated fat, dan kolesterol di atas nilai rekomendasi 56,9 18,6 g vs 22.8 9.61 g vs 260.7 165.1 mg . ApoB-48 secara signifikan berhubungan dengan trigliserida B= 0.40, 95 CI= 0.02, 0.07, p=

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Elevated level of Apolipoprotein B 48 as a marker of chylomicron remnants is shown to be more accurate than trigliceride in predicting higher intimal media artery thickness, even in normal triglycerides subject. However, this assesment is expensive to be routinely applied in health care practice. Therefore, we developed an easy and economical obesity risk factor index that is expected to be equivalent with apoB 48 marker. A cross sectional study was carried out enrolling 94 healthy obese women aged 19 50 y.o with body mass index of ge 25kg m2. Obesity risk factor index was developed in two phases. The first phase was to determine the association between risk factor of obesity anthropometric measurement, dietary fat intake polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, saturated, trans fatty acids, cholesterol , and triglyceride level with apoB 48 value. The second phase was to develop an obesity risk factor index. Dietary fat were assessed by 2 repeated 24 hour recall. Only triglicerides level and cholesterol intake showed association with apoB 48. Later, development phase of the index was divided into development of short list questionairre intake, validation of short list cholesterol intake, and association analysis score of obesity risk factor index with ApoB 48. Higher total risk factor score indicates an increment ApoB 48 level. The majority of subject had total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake above the recommended value 56,9 18,6 g vs 22.8 9.61 g vs 260.7 165.1 mg . A significant positive correlation was found in total score of the obesity risk factor index with ApoB 48 coefficient correlation 0.48, p