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Abstrak :
Pharmacy and the US Healthcare System is a one-stop textbook of current information about the features of the US healthcare system. It covers the personnel and institutions, along with concise reports on trends, regulations policy and finance. Contents 1. Health and health care in the United States /​ David M. Scott Health and disease Historical evolution of health services The private health care sector The public health care system Health care: Right or privilege? 2. Financing US health care /​ Leanne Lai Health care financing Funding sources of health care financing Challenges for US health care financing 3. Managed care pharmacy /​ Judith A. Cahill What is managed care? Managed care pharmacy tools Roles pharmacists play In managed care settings 4. The health professions /​ Albert I. Wertheimer, Jr. Prescribing authority Health manpower Physicians Pharmacy personnel and practice site Pharmacy issues and trends 5. Pharmacists and US health care /​ Yifei Liu The workforce of pharmacists in the United States 6. Pharmacy organizations /​ Joseph Thomas Role of pharmacy organizations Historical development of pharmacy organizations Specific pharmacy organizations Current issues for pharmacy organizations Individual decisions regarding organizations 7. Emerging roles /​ Richard J. Bertin Advanced practice credentialing Collaborative drug therapy management Other emerging practice models 8. Political realities of pharmacy /​ Robert I. Field Growth of pharmaceutical use and spending: Prelude to intensifying political conflict Regulation, patents and politics Insurance for prescriptions Pharmaceutical industry research and marketing Medicare coverage The role of pharmacists The next political realities: genetics and personalized medicine Looking ahead 9. Hospital and health care institutions /​ Sherilyn J. VanOsdol and Charles E. Daniels History of hospitals in the United States Scope of the US health care system Focus on patient safety Future challenges facing hospitals 10. Pharmacist role in long-term care /​ Richard G. Stefanacci and Thomas R. Clark The growing population of older adults Demand for health care services Medicare Parts A, B, C, and D in long-term care Health care reform Special considerations in the provision of health care to older adults Long-term care Nursing facilities The role of the geriatric pharmacist in other long-term care settings 11. The research manufacturing pharmaceutical industry /​ Jean Paul Gagnon Economic impact US pharmaceutical industry state of affairs Future outlook for the US pharmaceutical industry 12. Drug distribution /​ Sheryl L. Szeinbach and Earlene Lipowski Distribution and marketing strategy Pharmaceutical trends Pharmaceutical manufacturers Health care distributors in the United States Contributions of the distributor industry Packaging Distribution in large community pharmacies Other distribution channels Availability and distribution of generic drugs Other trends in distribution Achieving operational efficiency through automation Specialty pharmaceuticals 13. The consumers of healthcare /​ Somanth Pal, Damary Castanheira Torres and Maria Marzella Mantione The definition of the health care consumer Why the shift toward consumerism? Where do consumers most often get their health information? Changing demographics of health care consumers Behavioral models in the patient-practitioner relationship Health, illness, and sick-role behavior Diversity in the US consumer 14. The drug use process /​ Jack E. Fincham Drug use in the health care system Self-care Patient compliance Drug use by the elderly The epidemic of prescribed drug abuse Health care reform and the drug use process 15. Patient safety and pharmacovigilance /​ Stephen F. Eckel, Alexander T. Jenkins and Kayla Flansen Overview of pharmacovigilance and medication error reporting Regulatory approval process and post-marketing surveillance Risk evaluation and mitigation strategies 16. Provisions of care to subpopulations: a cultural perspective /​ Eucharia E. Nnadi and Tracy E. Okolo Minorities: diversity in the health care field Culture, race, ethnicity, and health care Cultural sensitivity Epidemiology, ethnic variations and access to care Ethnic and racial difference in treatment outcome variations Cultural influences and use of health care and pharmaceutical services Culture and treatment compliance 17. Professionalism and ethics /​ Dean L. Arneson Pharmacy code of ethics List, explain and give examples of ethical theories List, define and give examples of ethical principles Distinguish the difference between virtues, values, morals and rights List and explain a decision process for determining solutions to ethical dilemmas Discuss ethical dilemmas in process of providing patient care What is professionalism? List and discuss the characteristics of professionalism Discuss the concept of professionalism What is caring? 18. Health Information technology: emerging challenges for pharmacy /​ Mark Brueckl, Norrie Thomas and Abigail Stoddard Key health IT concepts HIT drivers Key hit events and legislation Future challenges: interoperability, HIT standards, and HIT organizations Implications for pharmacists Research The future of HIT 19. Unresolved issues in pharmacy: imagining the future /​ William A. Zellmer Transformation: letting go of old dreams Diffusion: steps toward the future Imagination: measuring progress 20. The future /​ J. Lyle Bootman Providing, demonstrating, and paying for value Population dynamics Technology Education.

Abstrak :
This reference discusses the predictive power and limitations of current stress testing strategies and emphasizes the critical role of stress testing in the determination of the stability characteristics of pharmaceuticals-offering an extensive compilation of drug degradation studies from real-world examples in the literature. Richly illustrated and extensively referenced, this source details the execution and interpretation of small molecule stress testing studies, provides a comprehensive overview of the major aspects of the prediction of drug degradation, presents up-to-date approaches to pharmaceutical stress testing, and much more