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Abstrak :
People have been interacting with bees in the Indo-Malay world for thousands of years. Though the practice of robbing bees of honey and wax is relatively well-documented, we know very little about the early history of beekeeping in Southeast Asia. In this study I will use Old Javanese evidence to demonstrate that providing honey bees with artificial cavities was a practice known in Java at least by the twelfth century CE, several centuries earlier than suggested by the historians of beekeeping. In the second part of my contribution I will discuss in detail an intriguing passage in the Sumanasāntaka, a court poem composed in the early thirteenth century CE, in which a literary motif of the “marriage by choice“ (swayamwara) of Princess Indumatī is based on the image and structure of beehive. The idea that a bee-colony is ruled by the “queen“ rather than the “king“ was not widely known in pre-modern world, and the Sumanasāntaka suggests that pre-Islamic Javanese were good observers of nature.

Abstrak :
Fonotaktik Bahasa Jawa Kuno (BJK) telah dijabarkan oleh Oglobin (1991), Mardiwarsito dan Kridalaksana (2012), serta Suarka (2018). Pada umumnya penelitian tersebut menjelaskan fonotaktik BJK berdasarkan jumlah pola fonotaktik yang ditemukan beserta dengan contoh kata yang mewakili setiap pola persukuan tersebut. Akan tetapi, ketiga penelitian tersebut belum menjelaskan mengenai jenis fonem tertentu yang berdistribusi pada pola persukuan yang ada pada BJK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan distribusi fonem Jawa Kuno pada kata bersuku satu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa kamus Jawa Kuno-Indonesia (Zoetmulder & Robson, 1995) dan kamus daring BJK http://sealang.net/ojed/. Penelitian ini menggunakan klasifikasi pola persukuan BJK oleh Suarka (2018); terdapat 11 pola fonotaktik pada BJK. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mencari dan mencatat kata yang memuat ke-11 pola persukuan BJK pada kamus Jawa Kuno-Indonesia (Zoetmulder & Robson, 1995). Data dikelompokkan berdasarkan jenis fonem yang menempati pola persukuan yang ada. Penelitian ini menghasilkan jenis fonem yang cenderung berdistribusi menempati posisi pola persukuan pada kata bersuku satu. Distribusi fonem pada BJK memiliki ciri khas, yakni dua konsonan yang sama dapat berada dalam satu suku kata sekaligus. ......The phonotactics of Old Javanese has been described by Oglobin (1991), Mardiwarsito and Kridalaksana (2012), and Suarka (2018). In general, these studies explain the phonotactics of Old Javanese based on the number of phonotactic patterns found along with examples of words that represent each of these tribal patterns. However, the three studies have not explained the specific types of phonemes that are distributed in the tribal patterns in Old Javanese. The purpose of this research is to describe the distribution of Old Javanese phonemes in monosyllabic words. This research uses a qualitative method. The data sources used are the Old Javanese-Indonesian dictionary (Zoetmulder & Robson, 1995) and the online dictionary of the Old Javanese language http://sealang.net/ojed/. This research uses the classification of Old Javanese tribal patterns by Suarka (2018); there are 11 phonotactic patterns in Old Javanese. Data collection was done by searching and recording words containing the 11 Old Javanese tribal patterns in the Old Javanese-Indonesian dictionary (Zoetmulder & Robson, 1995). The data were grouped based on the type of phonemes that occupy the existing tribal patterns. This research produces a type of phoneme that tends to be distributed to occupy the position of the tribal pattern in monosyllabic words.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Scholarly attention for Old Javanese literature so far has mainly focused on poetry. The apparently simple nature of narrative prose texts, while making them excellent sources for linguistic and lexicographic research, at the same time denies them any literary value. In this article an impression is given of the art of storytelling in one Old Javanese prose story, taken from the Adiparwa of around A.D. 1000. Quite unexpectedly, a sophisticated tradition unfolds in which a rich variety of devices enables the storyteller to create a meaningful world of words.

Abstrak :
Literary and epigraphic references to the figure of pañji in Old Javanese texts are analysed, and contextualised with much better known references to the figure of Pañji in Middle Javanese texts. A hypothesis is offered that Old Javanese term pañji is best rendered as 'court-name’. It is argued that young boys from elite families obtained their familiar court-name (pañji) at the very onset of their career at the court, where they served as pages and attendants of the royal family. They were also trained in arms, religious lore, and arts. Being since their childhood close to the king, they were trusted persons, and some of them made careers as high-ranking court officials, such as Dəmung or Kanuruhan. Others, denoted ācārya, were trained as 'masters of divine weapons’, Tantric ritual specialists, who were in charge of the so-called 'divine weaponry’ (diwyāstra), mantra-infused ordinary weapons, an arsenal well-known in Old and Middle Javanese texts. Vestiges of this ritual lore have survived in Java until modern times.

Abstrak :
Scholarly attention for Old Javanese literature so far has mainly focused on poetry. The apparently simple nature of narrative prose texts, while making them excellent sources for linguistic and lexicographic research, at the same time denies them any literary value. In this article an impression is given of the art of storytelling in one Old Javanese prose story, taken from the Adiparwa of around A.D. 1000. Quite unexpectedly, a sophisticated tradition unfolds in which a rich variety of devices enables the storyteller to create a meaningful world of words.

Abstrak :
Towards the end of the twelfth century (1104 Ś = AD 1182) until the middle of the fourteenth (1281 Ś = AD 1359), a Hindu-Buddhist civilization, consisting of the Akuwu of Tumapĕl - the kingdom of Siŋhasari – and the kingdom of Majapahit, developed a well-organized social and cultural life in the Malang Highlands Region of Java. This included the management of natural resources, flora and fauna. Although their variety has been well documented in Old Javanese literature and inscriptions, so far there has not been an in-depth study identifying the diversity of flora and fauna of the region during the late Hindu-Buddhist era. This is a study of diverse flora and fauna and how people managed these resources based on reading the source of Old Javanese literature. It begins with library research, followed by diplomatic analysis of various types of flora and fauna in Old Javanese inscriptions, zoological analysis, ethno-zoology, and geographical spatial analysis. The results of the study include the use of various types of flora and fauna in sima ceremonies and everyday agricultural activities. One type of flora, alang-alang (Imperata) which thrives on Gunung Lĕjar, was controlled by the state as it was a fire-risk. Alang-alang was an important thatching material. The trade in endemic plants, herbs, and spices, was protected and regulated by the state. It is also known that the profits from tropical forest management in Bantaran were used for the maintenance of sacred buildings: prāsāda in Hĕmad.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan tentang partikel an berdasarkan hubungan antarklausa dan makna gramatikal dalam bahasa Jawa Kuno yang belum dilakukan oleh Uhlenbeck 1986, Zoetmulder dan Poedjawijatna 1993. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana fungsi partikel an dan tipologi kalimat berbahasa Jawa Kuno pada teks Adiparwa. Meskipun sumber data yang digunakan bukanlah sumber data baru, tetapi cakupan analisis partikel an akan diperluas dengan teori T. Givon 2001 tentang koherensi intraklausa inter-clausal coherence dan pelengkap nomina berupa klausa noun complement. Adapun temuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menyempurnakan penjelasan dari Uhlenbeck dan Zoetmulder tentang fungsi partikel an dalam kalimat majemuk bahasa Jawa Kuno. ......This research is a study of the relationships and interlauses and grammatical meanings in Old Javanese which Uhlenbeck 1986, Zoetmulder and Poedjawijatna 1993 have not done. This research was conducted to determine the function and frequency of Old Javanese in the decoded text. Although the data used is new data, the solution will be widened by T. Givon 2001 theory of intraclausal coherence inter clause coherence and noun complementary clauses complementary nouns. The findings of this study are expected to explain from Uhlenbeck and Zoetmulder about the function of particles in Greek compound sentences.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas prasasti Wukiran 784 Ś yang dikeluarkan oleh Rakai Pu Kumbhayoni. Prasasti ini menggunakan dua bahasa yaitu bahasa Sansekerta dan Jawa Kuno. Pembahasan meliputi terjemahan dan aspek-aspek yang terdapat pada prasasti. Bahasa Sansekerta yang diterjemahkan berdasarkan aturan tata bahasanya, begitu juga dengan bahasa Jawa Kuno. Selain itu, terdapat pembahasan tentang identifikasi tokoh, peristiwa, kronologi, tempat, dan juga fungsi dari penggunaan dua bahasa dalam prasasti Wukiran. Hasil dari penelitian tentang prasasti Wukiran dikaitkan dengan situs Ratu Baka dan prasasti-prasasti Ratu Baka lainnya.

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This study tells about Wukiran inscription 784 Ś that made at Rakai Pu Kumbhayoni rules. Wukiran inscription have two languages, Sanskrit and Old Javanese. The focus of this study is not only about translation from Sanskrit and Old Javanese to Indonesian but all aspects that found in this inscription. The method to translate Sanskrit to Indonesian based on Sanskrit Grammar. There are explanation about figure (person and God), event, chronology, place, and language function. The result of this study connected with Ratu Baka Site and other Ratu Baka inscriptions.

Abstrak :
This article documents the existence of inscriptions using Old Javanese language on the island of Sumatra, by editing three short epigraphs, the first of which has previously been published but never satisfactorily interpreted, while the remaining two have not yet been published at all. However short these texts are in themselves, they raise interesting questions about the cultural, commercial, political, and linguistic connections between Java and Sumatra in ancient times