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Abstrak :
Tesis ini menganalisis pengaruh belanja daerah terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan pada tingkat kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan Regresi Data Panel dengan metode fixed effect. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa belanja daerah untuk urusan pendidikan, kesehatan, dan pekerjaan umum memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam mengurangi kemiskinan di kabupaten/kota di Jawa Tengah pada periode penelitian tahun 2007-2009. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya koefisien belanja per kapita untuk ketiga belanja tersebut sebagai variabel bebas yang bertanda negatif terhadap masing-masing indikator kemiskinan sebagai variabel dependennya. Belanja per kapita urusan pendidikan memiliki pengaruh paling besar dalam mengurangi persentase penduduk miskin (P0), diikuti oleh belanja kesehatan dan belanja pekerjaan umum. Sedangkan untuk indeks keparahan kemiskinan (P1) dan indeks kedalaman kemiskinan (P2) paling besar dipengaruhi oleh belanja per kapita urusan kesehatan, diikuti oleh belanja pendidikan dan belanja pekerjaan umum. Adanya variasi intersep antar kabupaten/kota yang ada dalam ketiga model persamaan yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa masingmasing kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah mempunyai karakteristik kemiskinan yang berbeda-beda. ......This study analyzes the effect of local expenditures on poverty reduction at the regencies/cities in Central Java Province. The study uses a quantitative approach with Panel Data Regression with fixed effects methods. The results show that expenditures for education, health, and public works have a significant effect in reducing poverty in the regencies/cities in Central Java in period 2007-2009. This is indicated by the coefficient of expenditure per capita expenditure for all three as independent variables that have negative sign to each of the poverty indicators as the dependent variable. Expenditure per capita for educational affairs has the most impact in reducing the percentage of poor population (P0), followed by expenditure for health and public works affairs. As for the poverty gap index (P1) and the poverty severity index (P2) most affected by the expenditure per capita for health affairs, followed by expenditure on education and public works affairs. The existence of intercepts variation between regencies/cities in the three equation model used indicates that the respective regency/city in Central Java Province has different characteristics of poverty.

Abstrak :
Kemiskinan merupakan masalah kependudukan yang sangat kompleks bukan saja dilihat dari perspektif determinan yang sangal bervariasi antar individu tetapi lebih dari itu kemiskinan merupakan fenomena yang dinamis. Pada tahun 2005-2007, BPS menghitung bahwa sebagian besar penduduk miskin merupakan miskin transient atau miskin sementara (60,4%) dan 39,6 persen berstatus miskin kronis atau selalu berstatus miskin. Banyaknya miskin transient identik dengan tingginya dinarnika masuk dan keluar kategorl miskin, ditambah dengan penumpukan penduduk pada level subsisten menunjukkan tingginya tingkat kerentanan individu untuk menjadi miskin. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran karakteristik rumahtangga serta perubahan karakteristik tersebut dalam memicu perubahan status miskin rumahtangga baik masuk menjadi miskin (entry to poor) maupun keluar dari miskin (exit from poor). Event perubahan karakteristik mencakup perubahan demografis, labor marketf dan human capital serta perubahan kondisi makro. Model menggunakan Multilevel Logistik Biner untuk melibat peran variabel­ variabel tersebut dalam menentukan probabilita Entry to Poor dan Exit from Poor. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan pada rumahtangga tidak miskin. rentanitas menjadi miskin terutama dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang sosial ekonomi responden, baru kemudian faktor peristiwa demografis dan ketenagakerjaan. Sebaliknya pada rumahtangga miskin, peristiwa demografis menyumbang peran terbesar pada probabilita keluar dari miskin dibanding latar belakang sosial ekonomi dan peristiwa ketenagakerjaan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi terbukti tidak berasosiasi?

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The poverty is complex population probiem in order to has vary determinant among individu. More than that perspective, poverty is dynamics phenomena. Along 2005-2007, BPS-Statistics of Indonesia count that majority of poor popu!ation was transient poor (60.4%) and 39.6 percent was chronnic poor or persistens poor. This figure desribes high dynamics entry and exit from poor category, In other side, the Indonesia population has phenomena that high density at around of poverty line (subsistent level) area. It shows high vulnerability of individu to fall in poor. This study to found how role of household characteristics also their changes be trigger mobility of household povert state as well as entry to poor and exit from poor. The events of characteristics changes covers demographic changes, labor market, human capital also characteristic makro changes. The study uses Multilevel Binary Logistic Model to find role of these variabels in determine probability of entry to poor and exit from poor. Result of estimation suggests that no poor household, vulnerability being poor mainly determined by social economics factor of household then respectively by demographic and labor market events. Oppositely, on non poor household demographic events are largest role to contribute probability exit from poor than social economic background and labor market events. Other fact, economic growth has no association with probability of entty to poor and exit from poor. However employment rate significantly associated. Other finding, into aging time elder population has increasing in probability entry to poor that trigger by split of worker household members. Adding of household members has effect increasing?

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT The Dissertation problem is concerning about implementation of land adjudication project (LAP) for poor people in slum area at jakarta City. Realization of the project faced fact that the socio economic conditions of the people are heterogenic, and have been defended to through application of various social institutions and culture, including by poor people. People anticipate that project with that variation. After adjudication, existence of land certificate do not always in line with clauses and mechanism of other development projects, hence poor people even also perforce to anticipate that condition with some ability and many ways. For the purpose of law and economics development for the poor people, this dissertation sees that target of adjudication influenced by a number of factors. So, the problem of this dissertation included an absolute poorness form, ownership doubting of land right, or the limited opportunity of poor people to access legal things. Not to mention existence of other resistance which faced by poor people after project of land adjudication done. Land adjudication in fact is only one of the small shares or step of a big and wide development process. Adjudication is only a step early to follow that big current. But if poor people only base on land adjudication is not yet adequate. The poor needed many other formal prerequisites if they want to be successful. And, adjudication also is not ending result. Adjudication of course yields formal evidence, namely land certificate, but certificate remains to have to be related to other formal things so that can useful for them. Thereby, development in fact affects less both for the poor. Development is not merely a planned process which isn't it become a set activity for whosoever, but require selected things, especially productive capital which can continue to develop. As a result, development become to side at owner of capital. Field data indicated regarding importantly of give adequate attention to heterogeneity that happened, especially in slum area. Existing heterogeneity exactly can equip various concept and theory, for example hitting ?culture of poverty' nor macro social and micro social concepts of Southall (1973) less giving of attention at variant that happened and barbed with people dynamics in answering to all sort of matter which intervening their social group, Heterogeneity also indication of is existence of culture knowledge which vary at people which remain to slum area. Culture knowledge which vary that will be used them to answer to various development intervention. If we mentioned more pay attention, hence will be able to assist us to analyze the essence relation between society and development.