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Abstrak :
Bank Indonesia adalah otoritas moneter tertinggi di Indonesia. Bank Indonesia bertanggung jawab untuk memelihara kestabilan kondisi moneter nasional. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut bank Indonesia diberikan beberapa wewenang, salah satunya adalah wewenang BI sebagai Lender of Last Resort. Bank Indonesia dalam hal ini memiliki wewenang untuk memberikan pinjaman jangka pendek kepada bank yang memiliki kesulitan likuiditas. Bank Indonesia dalam menjalankan wewenangnya tersebut diberikan status independen, lepas dari pengaruh pihak manapun. Akan tetapi independensi Bank Indonesia tidak berarti Bank Indonesia tidak dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban manakala dalam menjalankan wewenangnya tersebut terdapat indikasi pelanggaran hukum. Bank Indonesia harus mempertanggungjawabkan wewenang mereka kepada DPR, BPK, dan masyarakat.

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Bank Indonesia is Indonesia's monetary authority. Bank Indonesia has the responsibilities to maintain the stability of national monetary condition. Bank Indonesia to do such responsibilities had given some powers by the law, one of it is the power as Lender of Last Resort. Bank Indonesia, as the Lender of Last Resort, have the right to give banks a short term loan to solve their liquidity problem. Bank Indonesia to exercise their power has given a independent status, a status that ensured that BI can not be affected by other party. On the other hand, Bank Indonesia independent status doesn?t mean that BI can not be requested for their responsibility if there are indication that their policy was against the law. Bank Indoensia must gave such responsibility to the DPR, BPK, and the people.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Tesis ini berjudul Analisis Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pembuat Kebijakan Di Bank Indonesia Dalam Menjalankan Fungsinya Sebagai Lender of The Last Resort. Tugas sebagai Lender of The Last Resort (LoLR) merupakan tugas yang melekat dalam sejarah keberadaan bank sentral. LoLR dalam sistem keuangan Indonesia ditujukan untuk membantu bank-bank yang mengalami kesulitan likuiditas dan berfungsi untuk mencegah terjadinya krisis keuangan yang sistemik. Sebagai bank sentral, tugas LoLR tidak lepas dengan tugas dan kewenangan Bank Indonesia. Namun demikian, dalam pelaksanaan tugas LoLR ini beberapa kali pembuat kebijakan di Bank Indonesia terkait dengan kasus hukum. Oleh karena itu, perlindungan hukum bagi para pejabat pengambil kebijakan atau keputusan di Bank Indonesia sangatlah penting, apalagi kebijakan erat kaitannya dengan diskresi yang apabila menyangkut urusan pemerintahan akan lebih mengutamakan pencapaian tujuan sasarannya (doelmatigheid) daripada legalitas hukum yang berlaku (rechtsmatigheid). Terdapat 2 (dua) permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana pengaturan perlindungan hukum bagi pembuat kebijakan di Bank Indonesia dan bagaimana ketentuan perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada pegawai dan pejabat pengambil keputusan dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Penelitian dalam tesis ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan ketentuan serta analisis konsep hukum. Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri dari bahan hukum primer berupa perundang-undangan dan ketentuan, bahan hukum sekunder berupa literatur yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan, dan bahan hukum tersier berupa kamus hukum dan artikel. Bentuk pengaturan hukum terhadap perlindungan hukum diatur dalam Pasal 45 Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 1999 Tentang Bank Indonesia sebagaimana telah diubah beberapa kali terakhir dengan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2009 dan Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor No.11/10/PDG/2009 tentang Bantuan Hukum. Perlindungan hukum ditujukan untuk menciptakan suasana kerja yang kondusif guna meningkatkan kinerja pelaksana tugas kedinasan Bank Indonesia dalam menghadapi permasalahan hukum yang semakin kompleks dan berkembang. Prinsip penyediaan perlindungan hukum adalah bahwa pegawai atau pejabat BI tidak dapat dihukum atas pelaksanaan tugas dan wewenangnya atau karena telah mengambil keputusan yang diperlukan dalam melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya, sepanjang dilakukan dengan itikad baik dan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled Analysis of Legal Protection for Policy Makers in Bank Indonesia on Doing of Its Function as Lender of the Last Resort. The task as Lender of Last Resort (LoLR) is embedded in the existence of the central bank's history. LoLR in Indonesia's financial system aims to help banks experiencing liquidity problems and serves to prevent a systemic financial crisis. As a central bank, LoLR cannot be separated with the duties and authority of Bank Indonesia. However, in the execution of LoLR several times policy makers in Bank Indonesia related to the legal case. Therefore, legal protection for officials or policy makers in Bank Indonesia is very important, moreover policy is closely related to discretion regarding the affairs of government will prioritize the achievement of the target objectives (doelmatigheid) rather than the legality of applicable law (rechtsmatigheid). There are two (2) issues examined in this research is how the legal protection arrangements for policymakers in Bank Indonesia and how the legal protection that is given to employees and decision makers with applicable regulations. The research in this thesis is a normative legal research that is descriptive analytical approach by using legislation and regulations as well as analysis of legal concepts. Legal materials consisted of primary legal materials in the form of legislation and regulations, secondary legal materials in the form of literature related to the problems, and tertiary legal materials in the form of legal dictionaries and articles. Form of legal regulation of the legal protection provided for in Article 45 of Law No. 23 of 1999 concerning Bank Indonesia as amended several times, most recently by the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2009 and Regulation of Bank Indonesia Number 11/10 / PDG / 2009 on Legal Assistance. Legal protection is intended to create a working atmosphere which is conducive to improve the performance of executing official duties of Bank Indonesia in the face of increasingly complex legal problems and develop. The principle of the provision of legal protection is that BI‟s employee or official cannot be punished for the implementation of tasks and authority or for taking the necessary decisions in carrying out its duties and authorities, all done in good faith and in accordance with legislation., This thesis entitled Analysis of Legal Protection for Policy Makers in Bank Indonesia on Doing of Its Function as Lender of the Last Resort. The task as Lender of Last Resort (LoLR) is embedded in the existence of the central bank's history. LoLR in Indonesia's financial system aims to help banks experiencing liquidity problems and serves to prevent a systemic financial crisis. As a central bank, LoLR cannot be separated with the duties and authority of Bank Indonesia. However, in the execution of LoLR several times policy makers in Bank Indonesia related to the legal case. Therefore, legal protection for officials or policy makers in Bank Indonesia is very important, moreover policy is closely related to discretion regarding the affairs of government will prioritize the achievement of the target objectives (doelmatigheid) rather than the legality of applicable law (rechtsmatigheid). There are two (2) issues examined in this research is how the legal protection arrangements for policymakers in Bank Indonesia and how the legal protection that is given to employees and decision makers with applicable regulations. The research in this thesis is a normative legal research that is descriptive analytical approach by using legislation and regulations as well as analysis of legal concepts. Legal materials consisted of primary legal materials in the form of legislation and regulations, secondary legal materials in the form of literature related to the problems, and tertiary legal materials in the form of legal dictionaries and articles. Form of legal regulation of the legal protection provided for in Article 45 of Law No. 23 of 1999 concerning Bank Indonesia as amended several times, most recently by the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2009 and Regulation of Bank Indonesia Number 11/10 / PDG / 2009 on Legal Assistance. Legal protection is intended to create a working atmosphere which is conducive to improve the performance of executing official duties of Bank Indonesia in the face of increasingly complex legal problems and develop. The principle of the provision of legal protection is that BI‟s employee or official cannot be punished for the implementation of tasks and authority or for taking the necessary decisions in carrying out its duties and authorities, all done in good faith and in accordance with legislation.]

Abstrak :
Dalam keadaan atau situasi segenting apapun fungsi-fungsi negara/kekuasaan negara tidak boleh absen. Oleh sebab itu menjadi penting suatu negara mempunyai pengaturan yang bersifat antisipatif guna menghadapi keadaan tidak normal atau situasi darurat yang serba mendesak, terutama bagi pejabat publik yang menjadi bagian dari penyelenggara negara, untuk memberikan dasar atas tindakan-tindakan yang harus dilakukan dalam jabatannya guna menghadapi situasi genting atau darurat tersebut. Memasuki kuartal ke IV tahun 2008, Pemerintah memandang perekonomian Indonesia memasuki kondisi yang mengkhawatirkan. Mempertimbangkan kondisi makro ekonomi global dan domestik, dengan mengacu kepada Pasal 22 UUD 1945, maka Pemerintah menerbitkan 3 (tiga) Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perpu), salah satunya yaitu Perpu No. 4 Tahun 2008 tentang Jaring Pengaman Sistem Keuangan (JPSK), yang memperjelas Protokol Manajemen Krisis Sistem Keuangan Indonesia, mengingat belum selesainya penyusunan RUU JPSK. Dalam perjalanannya, Perpu dimaksud baru dicabut pada tanggal 6 Agustus 2015, melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pencabutan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2008 tentang JPSK. Pencabutan Perpu JPSK tersebut membawa implikasi terhadap pelaksanaan fungsi Bank Indonesia sebagai lender of last resort, yaitu mengakibatkan tidak adanya payung hukum yang mengatur mengenai jaring pengaman sistem keuangan, sehingga ada kekosongan hukum yang diperlukan untuk membentuk konstruksi yang sempurna bagi Bank Indonesia untuk melaksanakan fungsi lender of last resort. Dengan kondisi yang demikian, dalam hal terjadi krisis di sistem keuangan dan terdapat bank yang mengalami kesulitan likuiditas dan berdampak sistemik, Bank Indonesia tidak dapat menjalankan fungsi sebagai lender of last resort dengan baik.

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In any circumstance or urgent situation the functions of national/state power cannot be absent. Therefore becomes important to a country having regulation to face the emergency situation, especially for public officials who are part of the state, to provide the foundation for the actions that must be performed in order to confront his critical situation or emergency. Entering the fourth quarter of 2008, the Government views the Indonesian economy entered a vulnerable phase. Considering the global and domestic macro economy, with reference to Article 22 UUD 1945, the Government issued three (3) of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (decree), one of the decree No. 4 Year 2008 on the Financial System Safety Net (FSSN), which clarifies the Financial System Crisis Management Protocol Indonesia, particularly related to the authorities concerned and regarding the rights and obligations of the arrangement, given the completion of the drafting of laws FSSN. Along the way, the decree was revoked on August 6, 2015, through Act No. 11 of 2015 concerning Revocation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 4 of 2008 on FSSN. Revocation of Exemption Law FSSN the implications of the implementation of Bank Indonesia function as a lender of last resort, which resulted in the absence of a legal framework governing the financial system safety net, so that there is a legal vacuum that needed to form a construction that is perfect for Bank Indonesia to perform the function of lender of last resort. With such conditions, in the event of a crisis in the financial system and some banks experiencing liquidity problems and systemic impact, Bank Indonesia cannot perform the function of lender of last resort as well.

Abstrak :
Pandemi COVID-19 telah melemahkan aktivitas dan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia yang dapat berdampak pada kondisi likuiditas Bank Sistemik. Oleh karenanya melalui UU No. 2 Tahun 2020 salah satunya dilakukan langkah-langkah penanganan ataupun pencegahan risiko sistemik melalui penyempurnaan pinjaman likuiditas serta peran dan koordinasi dari anggota Komite Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan (KSSK). Terdapat dua masalah yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini yaitu mengenai penyesuaian pengaturan dan mekanisme pemberian Pinjaman Likuiditas Jangka Pendek (PLJP) dan Pinjaman Likuiditas Khusus (PLK) serta peran dan koordinasi yang dilakukan KSSK dalam menangani kesulitan likuditas Bank Sistemik setelah berlakunya UU No. 2 Tahun 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis-normatif dan data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. PLJP dan PLK menjadi fasilitas yang saat ini dapat diberikan oleh Bank Indonesia dalam menangani kesulitan likuiditas Bank Sistemik setelah berlakunya UU No. 2 Tahun 2020. Pinjaman tersebut diberikan tidak terlepas dari peran Bank Indonesia sebagai Lender of the Last Resort. Pemberian PLJP sepenuhnya merupakan kewenangan Bank Indonesia dengan melakukan koordinasi mengenai persyaratan dengan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, berbeda dengan PLK yang pemberian keputusannya berdasarkan hasil rapat KSSK namun belum diatur lebih lanjut mengenai mekanisme dan koordinasi lebih lanjut. Saran yang diperoleh yaitu diperlukan segera untuk dibentuk peraturan pelaksana mengenai PLK oleh regulator agar dapat menjadi fasilitas yang dapat diimplementasikan dengan memperhatikan prinsip kehati-hatian untuk mencegah moral hazard. ......COVID-19 Pandemic has weakened national economic growth and activities in Indonesia which could impact systemic banks liquidity condition. Therefore, by Law Number 2 Year 2020, one of the regulations is to take extraordinary steps to face or prevent systemic risk through both the improvement of liquidity loans facility and the roles and coordination of the Financial Stability System Committee member (KSSK). The problems discussed in this thesis are the adjustment of regulations and mechanisms to provide short-term liquidity loan and special liquidity loan and also the roles and coordination of KSSK in facing systemic bank liquidity problems after the enactment of Law Number 2 Year 2020. The research method used is normative juridical, and the data obtained were analyzed using analytical descriptive method. Short-term liquidity loan and special liquidity loan are currently the facilities provided by Bank Indonesia in dealing with systemic bank liquidity problems after the enactment of Law Number 2 Year 2020. These liquidity loans are not apart from Bank Indonesias role as Lender of the Last Resort. In conclusion, The approval of short-term liquidity loan is fully on Bank Indonesia by coordinating the requirements needed with the Financial Services Authority (OJK), different from special liquidity loan that given based on the decision of KSSK meeting however, there is not any regulation regarding the mechanism and coordination of special liquidity loan facility further. Advice obtained is that is necessary for the regulator to create an adequate further legal framework regarding the special liquidity loan, so it can be implemented soon by still focusing on prudential banking principle to prevent the cause of moral hazard.