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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK


Dalam Penelitian sebelumnya tanin banyak digunakan sebagai pengompleks ion-ion logam. Pembentukan kompleks asam Iemah tannin dipengaruhi kondisi Iingkungan seperti pH larutan. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari karakteristik tanin, kompleksnya clan kestabilannya pada beberapa pH secara spektrofotometri.

Karakteristik kompleks tanin dipelajari dengan titrasi spektrofotometri. Untuk mempelajari karakter kompleks tanin sebelumnya dilakukan karakterisasi gugus fungsi tanin dengan spektroskopi IR, uv, clan mereaksikan tanin dengan ion Fe 2+ . Ligan makromolekul tanin dititrasi penambahan ion Fe2 . Ligan makromolekul tanin dititrasi dengan ion logam Cu(II) dan Co(II) pada pH yang sama dan secara kontinyu diukur serapannya..

Tetapan kestabilan kondisional kompleks dipelajari dengan persamaan Scatchard dengan parameter v dan v/M yang telah digunakan dalam penentuan tetapan kestabilan kondisional kompleks makromolekul asam humat dan protein.

Analisis tanin dengan IR dan reaksinya dengan ion Fe21 menunjukkan bahwa tanin aldrich yang digunakan dalam percobaan termasuk golongan pirogallol atau tanin terhidrolisis yang mempunyai gugus aktif fenol dan karboksilat. Spektra uv tanin menunjukkan serapan yang meningkat dengan naiknya pH. Spektra komplekS tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan spektra ligan bebasnya. Penurunan serapan karena penambahan ion logam setelah koreksi pengenceran sangat kecil clan kurva titrasi yang diperoleh sangat landai.

Secara keseluruhan nilai tetapan kestabilan kondisional kompleks (K') tanin turun pada pH yang lebih tinggi. Berdasarkan teori dan penelitian sebelumnya dengan metoda lain maka hasil ini bertolak belakang sehingga penggunaan metoda spektrofotometri uv untuk menentukan tetapan kestabilan kondisional kompleks harus dipertimbangkan kembali.

Abstrak :
This second volume follows the successful Lect. Notes Phys. 818 (Vol.1), and comprises six extensive lectures covering the following topics, microscopic cluster models, neutron halo and break-up reactions, break-up reaction models for two- and three-cluster projectiles, clustering effects within the di-nuclear model, nuclear alpha-particle condensates, and clusters in nuclei: experimental perspectives.

Abstrak :
This is one of the first texts in which electro-diffusion of ions in its different aspects is considered as a unified subject. As a subject it is relevant to understanding the behavior of apparently different physical objects such as electrolyte solution, ion-exchangers, ion-selective membranes, and semiconductors. This text treats a selection of topics in electro-diffusion of ions in an aqueous medium --- a nonlinear transport process whose essence is diffusion of ions combined with their migration in a selfconsistent electric field. Electro-Diffusion of Ions is intended to enhance the understanding of particular electro-diffusional transport phenomena and to spark the interest of the mathematical community in the corresponding area of applications and development of a unified scientific vision. Contains some previously unpublished results for electro-diffusional problems.

Abstrak :
A study was performed on a laser-induced shock wave plasma generated on high concentration Au-Ag-Cu alloys by a Q-switched Nd-YAG laser of 4.8 mJ under reduced air pressure of 2 Torr. It was found that the total emission intensity of the secondary plasma is proportional to the intensity of the primary plasma, Assuming linear proportionality between the intensity of the primary plasma and the number of atoms vaporized from the target, it is proposed that the quantitative analysis can be applied to the intensities of the analytical emission Iines normalized by the total intensity of the primary plasma. This experimental result demonstrated for each metal element shows an excellent linear relationship between the normalized emission line intensity and the content of corresponding element after primary plasma normalization.

Abstrak :
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in the U.S. and worldwide. A variety of pathophysiologic episodes or cellular medications occur following a stroke, and knowledge of these aftermath events can lead to potential therapeutic strategies that may reverse or attenuate stroke injury. Cellular events that occur following stroke include the excessive releases of excitatory amino acids, alterations in the genomic responses, mitochondrial injury producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS), and secondary injury, often in the setting of reperfusion.