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Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas tentang pengaruh suhu terhadap degradasi isolasi dan perkiraan nilai harapan hidupisolasi padat dan cair transformator. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa temperatur berbanding terbalik dengan tegangan tembus dan temperatur akan memperkecil nilai harapan hidup isolasi.Tegangan tembus isolasi paling rendah secara berurutan dari variasi jarak 0 cm hingga 1,5 cm terdapat pada temperatur 1400C yakni sebesar 13,87kV, 21,07kV, 32,52kV, dan 39,78kV. Sementara paling tinggi saat temperatur minyak 950C sebesar 15,47 kV, 23,38 kV, 35,42 kV, dan 41,12 kV. Nilai harapan hidup transformator pada suhu 950C, 1080C, 1230C, dan 1400C masing-masing adalah 99,9973%, 99,9892%, 99,9518%, dan 99,7707%. ...... The following thesis is discussing the effect of temperature to insulation degradation and life expectancy of transformer’s liquid and solid insulation. The test result shows that the temperature will be inversely equivalent to breakdown voltage and will reduce the life expectancy of transformer’s insulation. The lowest breakdown voltage occurs at temperature of 1400C which values from 0 cm to 1,5 cm respectively are 13,87kV, 21,07kV, 32,52kV, dan 39,78kV. Whilethe highest occurs at 950C which values from 0 cm to 1,5 cm respectively are 15,47kV, 23,38kV, 35,42kV, and 41,12kV. Life expectancy values of transformer’s insulation at temperature of 950C, 1080C, 1230C, and 1400C respectively are99,9973%, 99,9892%, 99,9518%, dan 99,7707%.

Abstrak :
The book introduces the reader to the major components of a high voltage system and the different insulating materials applied in particular equipments. During a review of these materials, measurable properties suitable for condition assessment are identified. Analyses are included of some of the insulation fault scenarios that may occur in power equipment. The basic facilities for carrying out tests on the internal and external insulation structures at high and low voltages are described. Tests and measurements according to specifications, on-site requirements and research investigations are considered. Advances in the application of digital techniques for detection and analyses of partial discharges are discussed and methods in use, or under development, for service condition monitoring are described. These include the utilization of new sensors, the solution of online problems associated with noise rejection and the adaptation of artificial intelligence techniques for incipient fault diagnosis. The subject matter of the book is suitable for final year courses in electrical power engineering, short courses in insulation condition assessment and postgraduate programmes. Power system engineers associated with high voltage equipment should find the book of value in relation to fault investigations, maintenance requirements, insulation testing and condition monitoring.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem distribusi ice slurry pada sistem pendingin distrik pelabuhan menggunakan campuran water-glycol. Penelitian ini secara khusus mengevaluasi pengaruh daya pompa dan jenis aditif terhadap penurunan tekanan (pressure drop) serta merancang sistem distribusi yang efisien. Berdasarkan data eksperimental dan pertimbangan desain, beberapa kesimpulan utama dapat diambil. Dalam proses pemilihan aditif, dua jenis aditif yaitu etanol 20% dan etilen glikol 20% dibandingkan menggunakan daya pompa 60 W dengan berbagai variasi ukuran pipa. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar ukuran pipa menghasilkan nilai pressure drop yang lebih kecil, sesuai dengan teori yang dijelaskan. Namun, etilen glikol 20% menunjukkan nilai pressure drop yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan etanol 20%, berkaitan dengan karakteristik mesin generator yang digunakan. Oleh karena itu, aditif etilen glikol dipilih untuk studi lebih lanjut mengenai karakteristik aliran ice slurry. Pada variasi daya pompa antara 20W hingga 60W, flow rate aliran ice slurry mempengaruhi besarnya pressure drop. Semakin besar flow rate, semakin besar nilai pressure drop. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi pressure drop, semakin besar daya pompa yang diperlukan untuk mengalirkan ice slurry dengan aditif etilen glikol 20% dan fraksi es di bawah 28%. Berdasarkan karakteristik ini, desain untuk skala yang lebih besar dilakukan menggunakan metode ekstrapolasi untuk menentukan kebutuhan daya pompa yang sesuai. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan panduan praktis dalam merancang sistem distribusi ice slurry yang efisien untuk aplikasi pendingin distrik pelabuhan, dengan fokus pada optimasi jenis aditif dan daya pompa untuk mengurangi pressure drop dan meningkatkan efisiensi sistem. ......This study aims to design an ice slurry distribution system in the cooling system of the port district using a water-glycol mixture. This study specifically evaluates the influence of pump power and type of additive on pressure drop and designs an efficient distribution system. Based on experimental data and design considerations, several key conclusions can be drawn. In the additive selection process, two types of additives, namely 20% ethanol and 20% ethylene glycol, are compared using a pump power of 60 W with various variations in pipe size. The results show that the larger the size of the pipe results in a smaller pressure drop value, according to the theory described. However, 20% ethylene glycol shows a lower pressure drop value compared to 20% ethanol, related to the characteristics of the generator engine used. Therefore, the ethylene glycol additive was chosen for further study regarding the flow characteristics of ice slurry. At pump power variations between 20W to 60W, the flow rate of the ice slurry affects the amount of pressure drop. The greater the flow rate, the greater the pressure drop value. This shows that the higher the pressure drop, the greater the pump power required to drain the ice slurry with an ethylene glycol additive of 20% and an ice fraction below 28%. Based on these characteristics, the design for a larger scale is carried out using the extrapolation method to determine the appropriate pump power requirements. The results of this study provide practical guidance in designing an efficient ice slurry distribution system for port district cooling applications, focusing on optimizing additive types and pump power to reduce pressure drop and improve system efficiency.

Abstrak :
Condition monitoring of engineering plants has increased in importance as engineering processes are automated and manpower is reduced. However, electrical machinery receives attention only at infrequent intervals when plant is shut down and the application of protective relays to machines has also reduced operator surveillance. A first edition of Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machines, written by Tavner and Penman, was published in 1987. The economics of industry have now changed, as a result of the privatisation and deregulation of the energy industry, placing emphasis on the importance of reliable operation of plant, throughout the whole life cycle, regardless of first cost. The availability of advanced electronics and software in powerful instrumentation, computers, and digital signal processors (DSP) has simplified our ability to instrument and analyse machinery. As a result condition monitoring is now being applied to a wider range of systems from fault-tolerant drives of a few hundred watts in the aerospace industry, to machinery of a few hundred megawatts in major capital plant. In this new book the original authors have been joined by Ran, an expert in power electronics and control, and Sedding, an expert in the monitoring of electrical insulation systems. Together the authors have revised and expanded the earlier book, merging their own experience with that of machine analysts to bring it up to date.

Abstrak :
Contents : - Editor - Authors - Abbreviations - Chapter 1: Introduction - Chapter 2: Overview of SIMOX technology: historical perspective - Chapter 3: Fundamental processes in SIMOX layer formation: ion implantation and oxide growth - Chapter 4: SIMOX/SOI processes: flexibility based on thermodynamic considerations - Chapter 5: Electrical and optical characterisation of SIMOX substrates - Chapter 6: SIMOX material technology from R&D to advanced products - Subject Index