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Abstrak :
Karies gigi merupakan penyakit infeksi yang ditandai dengan kerusakan jaringan permukaan gigi yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme dalam suatu fermentasi karbohidrat. Karies gigi dan obesitas keduanya merupakan penyakit multifaktorial yang terkait dengan kebiasaan diet makan dan beberapa faktor gaya hidup yang umum pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara obesitas dengan karies gigi pada anak usia 7-12 tahun di Kabupaten Badung Provinsi Bali 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pendekatan crossectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 426 anak beserta ibu yang diambil dari seluruh murid kelas 1-5 SD di 3 SDN yang terpilih secara acak sederhana. Hasil regresi logistic dengan analisis mutivariat menunjukan bahwa adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dan karies gigi setelah mengkontrol variabel ketiga, yang terbukti secara statistik dengan p value 0,003 dan OR 1,830. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak dengan obesitas memiliki resiko 2 kali untuk mengalami karies gigi dibandingkan anak yang tidak obesitas. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diharapkan sekolah dapat mengembangkan program UKS/UKGS yang sudah ada seperi membentuk dokter kecil atau kader kesehatan di sekolah untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan kesehatan sebagai upaya pemberdayaan siswa-siswi di sekolah. ......Dental caries is an infectious disease characterised by dental tissue damage caused by microorganisms in a carbohydrate fermentation. Dental caries and obesity are both multifactorial illnesses associated with eating habits and some lifestyle factors in children. This study aims to see the relationship between obesity with dental caries in children aged 7-12 years in Badung district of Bali province in 2018. This study used a crossectional design with a total sample of 426 children and mothers taken from all students of class 1-5 elementary school in 3 schools selected by random sampling method. Logistic regression results with multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between obesity and dental caries after controlling the third variable, which statistically proven with p-value 0,003 and OR 1,830. Thus, it concluded that children with obesity have two times greater risk of dental caries than children who are not obese. Based on these results, schools are expected to develop UKS / UKGS programs such as establishing health cadres in schools to convey health information as an effort to empower students in schools.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Validitas dan reliabilitas semiquantitative FFQ dalam mengukur asupan kalsium masih banyak menjadi perdebatan karena tidak melakukan pengukuran kuantitatif secara langsung. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas pengukuran asupan kalsium menggunakan semiqauntitative FFQ dengan golden standard food weighing. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain studi cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Mei 2018 pada 54 Mahasiswa Gizi Universitas Indonesia yang dipilih dengan simple ramdom sampling. Validitas semiquantitative FFQ dalam mengukur kalsium dibandingkan dengan food weighing yang dilakukan selama dua hari, dan reliabilitas ditentukan dengan membandingkan asupan kalsium dua kali pengukuran menggunakan semiquantitative FFQ. Median asupan kalsium mahasiswa gizi Universits Indonesia berdasarkan semiquantitative FFQ median SD adalah 537 407,5 mg/hari. Sedangkan median asupan kalsium dari dua hari food weighing adalah 569 375,6 mg/hari. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara asupan kalsium dari kedua metode P>0,05. koefisien korelasi asupan kalsium kedua metode sebesar r=0,42 dengan korelasi yang signifikan P=0,001. Analisis surrogate category menunjukan bahwa semiquantitative FFQ dapat membedakan asupan kalsium pada berbagai tingkat kuartil asupan ANOVA, P80 mulai dari cutoff asupan 800mg/hari. Namun spesifisitas dan negative predictive value tetap

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ABSTRACT
Validity and reliability of semiquantitative FFQ still in debate because it is not directly measure the quantitative amount of food consume. This study was aim to evaluated the validity and reliability semiquantitative FFQ in measuring calcium intake compare with food weighing as golden standard. This study was cross sectional study conducted in April until Mei 2018 to 54 female Nutrition student of Universitas Indonesia mean aged 21 years old selected by simple random sampling. Reproducibility was tested by the difference between calcium intakes from the semiquantitative FFQ completed twice. While respondent reported 2 days food weighing to got the true usual calcium intake to compared with semiquantitative FFQ. Median calcium intake responden based on semiquantitatvie FFQ was Mean SD 537 407,5 mg day. While median calcium intake from 2 days food weighing was 569 375,6 mg day. There was no statictical different of calcium intake between two method. Coeficient correlation between two method was r 0,42 with significant correlation among them p 0,001. FFQ could discriminate calcium intake into some different level of intake ANOVA, P80 using cutoff calcium start from 800 mg day. But the specificity and negative predictive value could not reach that value in all the cutoff used 700,800,1000,1100 mg day. There was a significant diference between calcium intake between first and second administration of semiquantiative FFQ.

Abstrak :
Metode: Desain penelitian cross-sectional, sampel dipilih secara consecutive sampling, didapatkan 124 ibu hamil. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data umum subyek, asupan makanan, pengukuran antropometrik dan pemeriksaan laboratorium darah Vena. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Rerata umur subyek penelitian 29,3 (± 4,9) tahun, median umur kehamilan 26,3 (8-38 ) minggu, rerata IMT 25,39 (± 3,9) kg/mm2, rerata LLA 25,6 {± 7,2) cm, Hb 11,1 (± 1,0) g/dL, TLC 1837/mm3, median Zn plasma 18,6 (7,2- 25,7) µmo1/L, median IgG antiCMV 41 (9-175) AU/mi sedangkan IgM antiCMV ditemukan negatif (-) pada semua sampel. Median asupan energi berdasarkan FFQ-semikuantitatif adalah 1212,3Ka1, Protein 57,6 g, Lemak 24,8 g dan Zn 7,2 mg. Riwayat abort-us terdapat pada 29,8% sampel. Dengan uji korelasi Spearman rank IgG antiCMV berkorelasi positif (r 0,394) dengan kadar Zn plasma. Dengan uji mean-rank Kruskal-Wallis asupan Zn tertinggi didapat melalui metode FFQ-semikuantitatif. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar Zn plasma dengan IgG anti CMV. Anemia ditemukan pada 55,5% subyek penelitian dan status imunologik subyek penelitian balk. Untuk mendapatkan asupan Zn sebaiknya menggunakan metode FFQ-semikuantitatif.

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The Correlation Betweeb Plasma Zinc and Cytomegalo Virus Infection in Pregnant MothersMethods: One hundred and twenty four pregnant mothers were recruited consecutively in this cross-sectional study. The collected data consist of the general characteristics of the subjects, dietary, anthropometric, and venous blood analysis data. Spearman correlation was used for the statistical test. Result The mean age was 29,3 (± 4,9) years, median age of pregnancy 26,5 (8-38) weeks, BMI 25,39 (± 3,9) kg/m2, MIJAC 25,6 (± 7,2 ) cm, Ilb 11,1 (± 1,0) g/dL, median of plasma Zn 18,6 (7,2-25,7) p.mol/L, median. of IgG antiCMV 41 (9-175) AU/ml whereas 1gM antiCMV was found negative in all subjects. The median daily energy intake based on semi quantitative FFQ method was 1212 Cal, protein 57,6 g, fat 24,8 g and Zn 7,2 mg. History of abortion was found in 29,8% subjects. Using Spearman rank correlation analysis between IgG antiCMV and plasma Zn showed positive correlation (r = 0,394). By using Kniskal-Wallis mean-rank test, the highest Zn intake was found by semi quantitative- FFQ method. Conclusion: The current study indicated that there was significant positive correlation between plasma Zn and IgG antiCMV. Anemia was found in 55,5% subjects, and immunological state was normal. The highest Zn intake was found by -using semi quantitative-FFQ method.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Kehilangan dukungan gigi yang melibatkan dukungan oklusal baik pada satu atau kedua sisi rahang merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya Gangguan Sendi Temporomandibula. Tidak adanya dukungan gigi posterior dapat mengganggu mastikasi dan mempengaruhi asupan serta status nutrisi pasien pra lansia dan lansia. Pembuatan gigi tiruan lepasan diharapkan dapat memperbaiki fungsi mastikasi dan merawat gangguan sendi temporomandibula sehingga asupan dan status nutrisi meningkat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pemakaian gigi tiruan, gangguan sendi temporomandibula, asupan serta status nutrisi. Metode: Studi kuasi eksperimen pada 28 partisipan (≥45 tahun) dengan kehilangan gigi posterior indeks Eichner B2 sampai C2 yang diambil menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling, kemudian dibuatkan gigi tiruan di Rumah Sakit Gigi Mulut Universitas Indonesia. Pemeriksaan klinis dilakukan dan digunakan DC/ TMD untuk mendiagnosis gangguan sendi temporomandibula, Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) digunakan untuk mengukur asupan nutrisi (Kkal), dan Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form(MNA-SF) digunakan untuk menilai status nutrisi saat sebelum dan setelah 4, 8, dan 12 minggu pemakaian gigi tiruan.Hasil Penelitian: Terdapat pengaruh pada lama pemakaian gigi tiruan terhadap asupan nutrisi pra lansia dan lansia dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada asupan nutrisi partisipan dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan non gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Uji Repeated ANOVA digunakan untuk mengukur asupan nutrisi seiring dengan lama pemakaian gigi tiruan dan signifikan secara statistik (P<0.05). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada status nutrisi antara kelompok gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan non gangguan sendi temporomandibula sebelum pemakaian gigi tiruan. Status nutrisi partisipan signifikan secara statistik pada 4 dan 12 minggu setelah pemakaian gigi tiruan. Kesimpulan: Pemakaian gigi tiruan meningkatkan asupan dan status nutrisi pra lansia dan lansia pasien gangguan sendi temporomandibula. ......Background: Missing posterior teeth that resulted in the loss of occlusal support on one or both side of dental arch were found to be risk factors for TMD (Temporomandibular Disorder). Posterior tooth loss can cause disruption of mastication as well as affect nutrition intake and nutritional status of pre-elderly and elderly patients. Denture replacement may improve mastication, as a TMD therapy, and improve nutrition. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between effect of denture wearing, TMD, nutrition intake, and nutritional status. Methods: Quasi experimental study was conducted on 28 patients (≥45 years old) with missing posterior teeth index Eichner classification B2 until C2 who will be treated with dentures at the Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia using a consecutive sampling technique. Oral examination was done. DC/ TMD was used to diagnose Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD), the Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to measure nutrition intake (Kcal), and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) was used to measure nutritional status at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of denture wearing. Results: There was significant difference of nutrition intake on TMD groups before and after denture wearing. There is no significant difference between nutrient intake of TMD and non TMDgroups. Repeated ANOVA to measure nutrition intake with period of denture wearing was significant statistically (P<0.05). There was significant difference in nutritional status between TMD and non TMD groups before denture wearing. Nutritional status all subjects was significant statistically at 4 and 12 weeks after denture wearing. Conclusions:Denture wearing improves nutrition intake and nutritional status of pre- elderly and elderly TMD patients.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Hitung limfosit total berhubungan dengan prognosis serta harapan hidup pasien kanker kepala leher. Regulasi limfosit dipengaruhi berbagai hal termasuk nutrisi. Salah satu zat gizi yang berperan dalam proliferasi limfosit adalah asam amino rantai cabang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat korelasi antara asupan asam amino rantai cabang dengan hitung limfosit total pada pasien kanker kepala dan leher. Metode: Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek dewasa dengan kanker kepala leher yang belum menjalani terapi di poliklinik radioterapi dan hematologi onkologi medik RSCM. Asupan asam amino rantai cabang dinilai dengan 3 x 24-h food recall dan FFQ semi kuantitatif. Hitung limfosit total diukur dengan differential blood cell counter. Hasil: Sebanyak 85 subjek penelitian dengan rerata usia 53 tahun, dengan sebagian besar laki-laki, terdiagnosis kanker nasofaring dengan jenis karsinoma sel skuamosa dan stadium IV. Rerata subjek memiliki status gizi normal, dengan rerata asupan energi 29,99 ± 0,95 kkal/kgBB dan protein 1,39 ± 0,05 g/kgBB dengan penilaian FFQ semi kuantitatif. Rerata asupan AARC pada subjek sebesar 10,92 ± 0,48 gram dengan FFQ semi kuantitatif. Sebagian besar subyek memiliki hitung limfosit total pada rentang normal. Terdapat sebanyak 17.6% subyek dengan hitung limfosit total yang rendah. Terdapat korelasi lemah antara asupan asam amino rantai cabang dengan hitung limfosit total (r=0,230, p=0,029). Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi bermakna yang lemah antara asupan AARC dengan hitung limfosit total pada subjek kanker kepala leher yang belum menjalani kemoradioterapi. ......Background: Total lymphocyte count is related with prognosis and survival rate of head and neck cancer patients. Lymphocyte regulation is affected by multiple factors, including nutrition. One of the nutrients that plays role in lymphocyte proliferation is branched-chain amino acids. This study aims to investigate the correlation between branched-chain amino acid and total lymphocyte count in head and cancer patients. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on adults with head and neck cancer who had not undergone therapy at the radiotherapy and medical hematology oncology clinic at RSCM. Branched-chain amino acid intake was assessed using 3x24-h food recall and semi quantitative FFQ. Total lymphocyte count was measured with differential blood cell counter. Results: Eighty-five subjects with a mean age of 53 years, mostly are male, diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer, with histopathology appearance of squamous cell carcinoma, and stage IV cancer. The average subject had normal nutritional status, with an average intake of 29.99 ± 0.95 kcal/kgBW of energy and 1.39 ± 0.05 g/kgBW of protein with a semi quantitative FFQ assessment. The average branched-chain amino acid intake in subjects was 10,92 ± 0,48 gram with semi quantitative FFQ. There were 17.6% subjects with low total lymphocyte count. There was a low correlation between intake of branched-chain amino acids and total lymphocyte count (r=0,230, p=0,029). Conclusion: There was a significant low correlation between branched-chain amino acids intake with total lymphocyte count in head and neck cancer subjects who had not undergone chemoradiotherapy.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Penurunan massa bebas lemak dan status fungsional akan mempengaruhi prognosis pada pasien kanker kepala leher. Pembentukan massa bebas lemak dipengaruhi berbagai hal termasuk nutrisi. Salah satu zat gizi yang berperan dalam adalah asam amino rantai cabang. Karnofsky Performance Scales (KPS) adalah salah satu parameter status fungsional yang dinilai secara rutin untuk pasien kanker Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat korelasi antara asupan asam amino rantai cabang dengan massa bebas lemak dan status fungsional pada pasien kanker kepala dan leher. Metode: Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek dewasa dengan kanker kepala leher secara consecutive sampling method di poliklinik radioterapi RSCM. Wawancara dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data karakteristik dasar, data asupan zat gizi dan penilaian status fungsional. Pengukuran komposisi tubuh massa bebas lemak dengan alat bioimpedance analysis single Frequency. Pengukuran status fungsional dengan KPS. Hasil: Sebanyak 77 subjek penelitian dengan rerata usia 52 tahun, dengan sebagian besar berjenis kelamin laki-laki, 61 % berpendidikan menengah dan sebagian besar bekerja. Lokasi kanker terbanyak pada nasofaring dengan jenis karsinoma sel skuamosa dan stadium IV. Rerata subjek memiliki status gizi normal. Penilaian 3 x24-h Food Recall didapatkan dengan rerata asupan energi 27,44 kkal/kgBB dan protein 1,33 g/kgBB. Penilaian rerata asupan AARC dengan FFQ semi kuantitatif pada subjek penelitian didapatkan sebesar 10,99 gram. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan rerata nilai massa bebas lemak 42,10 kg dengan sebanyak 46 % subjek penelitian laki- laki memiliki index massa bebas lemak < 17 kg/m2 sedangkan pada subjek penelitian wanita terdapat 16 % dengan index massa bebas lemak <15 kg/m2 Status fungsional dengan menggunakan KPS subjek penelitian dengan median 90 dengan nilai minimum 40. Sekitar 11,6% subjek penelitian yang memiliki nilai KPS kurang dari sama dengan 70. Terdapat korelasi lemah antara asupan asam amino rantai cabang dengan massa bebas lemak (r=0,238, p=0,037).Tidak terdapat korelasi antara asupan AARC dengan status fungsional (r=0.147; p>0.05) Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi bermakna yang lemah antara asupan AARC dengan massa bebas lemak dan tidak terdapat korelasi antara asupan AARC dengan status fungsional pada subjek kanker kepala leher ......Background: Decreased fat-free mass and functional status will affect the prognosis in head and neck cancer patients. The formation of fat-free mass is influenced by various things including nutrition. One of the nutrients that play a role in is branched chain amino acids. Karnofsky Performance Scales (KPS) is a functional status parameter that is routinely assessed for cancer patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on adult subjects with head and neck cancer by consecutive sampling method at the radiotherapy polyclinic RSCM. Interviews were conducted to collect data on basic characteristics, data on nutrient intake and assessment of functional status. Measurement of body composition fat-free mass using a single Frequency bioimpedance analysis tool. Functional status measurement using the KPS. Results: A total of 77 study subjects with an average age of 52 years, with most of them being male, 61% having secondary education and most of them working. Most cancer locations in the nasopharynx with the type of squamous cell carcinoma and stage IV. On average, the subjects had normal nutritional status. The 3 x24-h Food Recall assessment was obtained with an average energy intake of 27.44 kcal/kgBW and protein 1.33 g/kgBW. The assessment of the average BCAA intake with semi-quantitative FFQ on research subjects was 10.99 grams. In this study, the average fat-free mass value was 42.10 kg with as many as 46% of male research subjects having a fat-free mass index <17 kg/m2 while in female research subjects there were 16% with a fat-free mass index <15 kg/m2. Functional status using KPS of research subjects with a median of 90 with a minimum value of 40. Approximately 11.6% of study subjects had a KPS value of less than 70. There was a weak correlation between intake of branched-chain amino acids and fat-free mass (r=0.238, p=0.037. There was no correlation between BCAA intake and functional status (r=0.147; p>0.05) Conclusion: There is a weak significant correlation between BCAA intake and fat-free mass and there is no correlation between BCAA intake and functional status in head and neck cancer subjects